0:00:00.117,0:00:03.769
So this is Anna Hazare,

0:00:03.769,0:00:07.677
and Anna Hazare may well be[br]the most cutting-edge

0:00:07.677,0:00:10.914
digital activist in the world today.

0:00:10.914,0:00:12.452
And you wouldn't know it by looking at him.

0:00:12.452,0:00:18.099
Hazare is a 77-year-old Indian [br]anticorruption and social justice activist.

0:00:18.099,0:00:21.690
And in 2011, he was running a big campaign

0:00:21.690,0:00:24.650
to address everyday corruption in India,

0:00:24.650,0:00:27.521
a topic that Indian elites love to ignore.

0:00:27.521,0:00:29.103
So as part of this campaign,

0:00:29.103,0:00:31.025
he was using all of the traditional tactics

0:00:31.025,0:00:33.241
that a good Gandhian organizer would use.

0:00:33.241,0:00:35.297
So he was on a hunger strike,

0:00:35.297,0:00:37.822
and Hazare realized through his hunger

0:00:37.822,0:00:39.599
that actually maybe this time,

0:00:39.599,0:00:41.345
in the 21st century,

0:00:41.345,0:00:42.834
a hunger strike wouldn't be enough.

0:00:42.834,0:00:47.126
So he started playing around [br]with mobile activism.

0:00:47.126,0:00:49.013
So the first thing he did [br]is he said to people,

0:00:49.013,0:00:51.084
"Okay, why don't you send me

0:00:51.084,0:00:52.845
a text message if you support

0:00:52.845,0:00:54.585
my campaign against corruption?"

0:00:54.585,0:00:56.854
So he does this, he [br]gives people a short code,

0:00:56.854,0:00:59.470
and about 80,000 people do it.

0:00:59.470,0:01:01.438
Okay, that's pretty respectable.

0:01:01.438,0:01:02.375
But then he decides,

0:01:02.375,0:01:04.495
"Let me tweak my tactics a little bit."

0:01:04.495,0:01:08.970
He says, "Why don't you leave[br]me a missed call?"

0:01:08.970,0:01:12.039
Now, for those of you who have[br]lived in the global South,

0:01:12.039,0:01:13.531
you'll know that missed calls

0:01:13.531,0:01:17.374
are a really critical part[br]of global mobile culture.

0:01:17.374,0:01:18.488
I see people nodding.

0:01:18.488,0:01:20.596
People leave missed calls all the time:

0:01:20.596,0:01:22.542
If you're running late for a meeting

0:01:22.542,0:01:24.848
and you just want to let them[br]know that you're on the way,

0:01:24.848,0:01:26.571
you leave them a missed call.

0:01:26.571,0:01:28.497
If you're dating someone and [br]you just want to say "I miss you"

0:01:28.497,0:01:29.883
you leave them a missed call.

0:01:29.883,0:01:32.427
So a note for a dating tip here,

0:01:32.427,0:01:33.552
in some cultures,

0:01:33.552,0:01:34.834
if you want to please your lover,

0:01:34.834,0:01:39.335
you call them and hang up.[br](Laughter)

0:01:39.335,0:01:42.690
So why do people leave missed calls?

0:01:42.690,0:01:44.140
Well, the reason of course is that

0:01:44.140,0:01:46.898
they're trying to avoid charges

0:01:46.898,0:01:50.264
associated with making calls[br]and sending texts.

0:01:50.264,0:01:54.320
So when Hazare asked people [br]to leave him a missed call,

0:01:54.320,0:01:59.997
let's have a little guess how [br]many people actually did this?

0:01:59.997,0:02:03.415
Thirty-five million.

0:02:03.415,0:02:07.458
So this is one of the largest coordinated[br]actions in human history.

0:02:07.458,0:02:09.212
It's remarkable.

0:02:09.212,0:02:13.712
And this reflects the extraordinary strength [br]of the emerging Indian middle class

0:02:13.712,0:02:16.684
and the power that their[br]mobile phones bring.

0:02:16.684,0:02:18.269
But he used that,

0:02:18.269,0:02:22.488
Hazare ended up with this massive [br]CSV file of mobile phone numbers,

0:02:22.488,0:02:24.273
and he used that to deploy

0:02:24.273,0:02:26.269
real people power on the ground

0:02:26.269,0:02:29.683
to get hundreds of thousands of[br]people out on the streets in Delhi

0:02:29.683,0:02:34.033
to make a national point of [br]everyday corruption in India.

0:02:34.033,0:02:36.470
It's a really striking story.

0:02:36.470,0:02:38.680
So this is me when I was 12 years old.

0:02:38.680,0:02:40.392
I hope you see the resemblance.

0:02:40.392,0:02:42.317
And I was also an activist,

0:02:42.317,0:02:44.557
and I have been an activist all my life.

0:02:44.557,0:02:45.887
I had this really funny childhood

0:02:45.887,0:02:47.910
where I traipsed around the world

0:02:47.910,0:02:50.704
meeting world leaders and [br]Noble prize winners,

0:02:50.704,0:02:52.990
talking about Third World debt,

0:02:52.990,0:02:54.279
as it was then called,

0:02:54.279,0:02:55.813
and demilitarization.

0:02:55.813,0:03:00.045
I was a very, very serious child.[br](Laughter)

0:03:00.045,0:03:01.950
And back then,

0:03:01.950,0:03:03.384
in the early '90s,

0:03:03.384,0:03:07.214
I had a very cutting-edge[br]tech tool of my own:

0:03:07.214,0:03:09.466
the fax.

0:03:09.466,0:03:11.644
And the fax was the [br]tool of my activism.

0:03:11.644,0:03:13.202
And at that time, it was the best way

0:03:13.202,0:03:15.097
to get a message to a lot of people

0:03:15.097,0:03:17.535
all at once.

0:03:17.535,0:03:19.981
I'll give you one example of a fax[br]campaign that I ran.

0:03:19.981,0:03:22.077
It was the eve of the Gulf War

0:03:22.077,0:03:25.628
and I organized a global campaign [br]to flood the hotel,

0:03:25.628,0:03:27.109
the Intercontinental in Geneva,

0:03:27.109,0:03:28.664
where James Baker and Tariq Aziz

0:03:28.664,0:03:30.588
were meeting on the eve of the war,

0:03:30.588,0:03:32.972
and I thought if I could [br]flood them with faxes,

0:03:32.972,0:03:34.050
we'll stop the war.

0:03:34.050,0:03:36.243
Well, unsurprisingly,

0:03:36.243,0:03:39.834
that campaign was wholly unsuccessful.

0:03:39.834,0:03:41.488
There are lots of reasons for that,

0:03:41.488,0:03:43.973
but there's no doubt that [br]one sputtering fax machine

0:03:43.973,0:03:47.300
in Geneva was a little bit[br]of a bandwidth constraint

0:03:47.300,0:03:50.142
in terms of the ability to [br]get a message to lots of people.

0:03:50.142,0:03:54.172
And so, I went on to [br]discover some better tools.

0:03:54.172,0:03:56.814
I cofounded Avaaz, which uses the [br]Internet to mobilize people

0:03:56.814,0:03:59.412
and now has almost [br]40 million members,

0:03:59.412,0:04:01.972
and I now run Purpose, which [br]is a home for these kinds of

0:04:01.972,0:04:04.268
technology-powered movements.

0:04:04.268,0:04:06.088
So what's the moral of this story?

0:04:06.088,0:04:07.596
Is the moral of this story,[br]

0:04:07.596,0:04:12.705
you know what, the fax is kind of[br]eclipsed by the mobile phone?

0:04:12.705,0:04:14.935
This is another story of [br]tech-determinism?

0:04:14.935,0:04:18.125
Well, I would argue that there's [br]actually more to it than that.

0:04:18.125,0:04:20.798
I'd argue that in the last 20 years,

0:04:20.798,0:04:23.036
something more fundamental has changed[br]

0:04:23.036,0:04:24.741
than just new tech.

0:04:24.741,0:04:27.561
I would argue that there has[br]been a fundamental shift

0:04:27.561,0:04:29.709
in the balance of power

0:04:29.709,0:04:31.228
in the world.

0:04:31.228,0:04:33.145
You ask any activist how [br]to understand the world,

0:04:33.145,0:04:35.619
and they'll say,[br]"Look at where the power is,

0:04:35.619,0:04:38.077
who has it, how it's shifting."

0:04:38.077,0:04:41.079
And I think we all sense that [br]something big is happening.

0:04:41.079,0:04:43.523
So Henry Timms and I —

0:04:43.523,0:04:45.371
Henry's a fellow movement builder —

0:04:45.371,0:04:47.273
got talking one day and [br]we started to think,

0:04:47.273,0:04:49.274
how can we make sense of this new world?

0:04:49.274,0:04:50.463
How can we describe it and give

0:04:50.463,0:04:52.906
it a framework that makes it more useful?

0:04:52.906,0:04:54.136
Because we realized that many

0:04:54.136,0:04:56.950
of the lessons that we were[br]discovering in movements

0:04:56.950,0:04:59.657
actually applied all over the world

0:04:59.657,0:05:01.779
in many sectors of our society.

0:05:01.779,0:05:03.656
So I want to introduce you to[br]this framework:

0:05:03.656,0:05:05.876
Old power, meet new power.

0:05:05.876,0:05:09.307
And I want to talk to you about[br]what new power is today.

0:05:09.307,0:05:11.271
New power is the deployment

0:05:11.271,0:05:14.460
of mass participation [br]and peer coordination —

0:05:14.460,0:05:16.102
these are the two key elements —

0:05:16.102,0:05:18.599
to create change and shift outcomes.

0:05:18.599,0:05:21.687
And we see new power all around us.

0:05:21.687,0:05:22.971
This is Beppe Grillo

0:05:22.971,0:05:25.116
he was a populist Italian blogger

0:05:25.116,0:05:28.536
who, with a minimal political apparatus[br]and only some online tools,

0:05:28.536,0:05:31.034
won more than 25 percent of the vote

0:05:31.034,0:05:33.455
in recent Italian elections.

0:05:33.455,0:05:34.817
This is Airbnb,

0:05:34.817,0:05:36.566
which in just a few years

0:05:36.566,0:05:38.728
has radically disrupted the hotel industry

0:05:38.728,0:05:41.646
without owning a single[br]square foot of real estate.

0:05:41.646,0:05:43.001
This is Kickstarter,

0:05:43.001,0:05:45.898
which we know has raised over a billion dollars

0:05:45.898,0:05:48.319
from more than five million people.

0:05:48.319,0:05:50.249
Now, we're familiar with all of these models.

0:05:50.249,0:05:53.450
But what's striking is the commonalities,

0:05:53.450,0:05:55.576
the structural features of [br]these new models

0:05:55.576,0:05:57.725
and how they differ from old power.

0:05:57.725,0:05:59.394
Let's look a little bit at this.

0:05:59.394,0:06:02.552
Old power is held like a currency.

0:06:02.552,0:06:04.531
New power works like a current.

0:06:04.531,0:06:07.033
Old power is held by a few.

0:06:07.033,0:06:10.473
New power isn't held by a few,[br]it's made by many.

0:06:10.473,0:06:12.980
Old power is all about download,

0:06:12.980,0:06:14.706
and new power uploads.

0:06:14.706,0:06:17.240
And you see a whole set of [br]characteristics that you can trace,

0:06:17.240,0:06:20.356
whether it's in media or [br]politics or education.

0:06:20.356,0:06:22.422
So we've talked a little bit [br]about what new power is.

0:06:22.422,0:06:25.587
Let's, for a second, talk about [br]what new power isn't.

0:06:25.587,0:06:29.383
New power is not your Facebook page.

0:06:29.383,0:06:32.208
I assure you that having a [br]social media strategy

0:06:32.208,0:06:34.756
can enable you to do just as much download

0:06:34.756,0:06:37.618
as you used to do when you had the radio.

0:06:37.618,0:06:41.146
Just ask Syrian dictator Bashar al-Assad,

0:06:41.146,0:06:42.888
I assure you that his Facebook page

0:06:42.888,0:06:47.015
has not embraced the power[br]of participation.

0:06:47.015,0:06:50.413
New power is not inherently positive.

0:06:50.413,0:06:52.702
In fact, this isn't an normative[br]argument that we're making,

0:06:52.702,0:06:54.514
there are many good things [br]about new power,

0:06:54.514,0:06:56.331
but it can produce bad outcomes.

0:06:56.331,0:06:58.336
More participation, more peer coordination,

0:06:58.336,0:07:00.123
sometimes distorts outcomes

0:07:00.123,0:07:01.198
and there are some things,

0:07:01.198,0:07:03.297
like things, for example, [br]in the medical profession

0:07:03.297,0:07:06.293
that we want new power [br]to get nowhere near.

0:07:06.293,0:07:09.296
And thirdly, new power is not[br]the inevitable victor.

0:07:09.296,0:07:10.875
In fact, unsurprisingly,

0:07:10.875,0:07:13.864
as many of these new power[br]models get to scale,

0:07:13.864,0:07:16.334
what you see is this massive pushback

0:07:16.334,0:07:18.083
from the forces of old power.

0:07:18.083,0:07:20.292
Just look at this really [br]interesting epic struggle

0:07:20.292,0:07:24.675
going on right now between [br]Edward Snowden and the NSA.

0:07:24.675,0:07:27.059
You'll note that only one of [br]the two people on this slide

0:07:27.059,0:07:29.238
is currently in exile.

0:07:29.238,0:07:30.653
And so, it's not at all clear

0:07:30.653,0:07:32.743
that new power will be [br]the inevitable victor.

0:07:32.743,0:07:35.686
That said, keep one thing in mind:[br]

0:07:35.686,0:07:38.575
We're at the beginning of a[br]very steep curve.

0:07:38.575,0:07:40.216
So you think about some of [br]these new power models, right?

0:07:40.216,0:07:42.328
These were just like someone's

0:07:42.328,0:07:44.874
garage idea a few years ago,

0:07:44.874,0:07:48.010
and now they're disrupting [br]entire industries.

0:07:48.010,0:07:50.679
And so, what's interesting[br]about new power,

0:07:50.679,0:07:52.695
is the way it feeds[br]on itself.

0:07:52.695,0:07:54.719
Once you have an experience of new power,

0:07:54.719,0:07:56.909
you tend to expect and [br]want more of it.

0:07:56.909,0:07:59.789
So let's say you've used a[br]peer-to-peer lending platform

0:07:59.789,0:08:02.323
like Lending Tree or Prosper,

0:08:02.323,0:08:04.607
then you've figured out that[br]you don't need the bank,

0:08:04.607,0:08:06.544
and who wants the bank, right?

0:08:06.544,0:08:08.982
And so, that experience tends [br]to embolden you

0:08:08.982,0:08:11.919
it tends to make you want[br]more participation

0:08:11.919,0:08:14.264
across more aspects of your life.

0:08:14.264,0:08:15.809
And what this gives rise to is

0:08:15.809,0:08:17.380
a set of values.

0:08:17.380,0:08:18.690
We talked about the models

0:08:18.690,0:08:20.284
that new power has engendered —

0:08:20.284,0:08:22.116
the Airbnbs, the Kickstarters.

0:08:22.116,0:08:23.645
What about the values?

0:08:23.645,0:08:25.315
And this is an early sketch

0:08:25.315,0:08:27.878
at what new power values look like.

0:08:27.878,0:08:31.009
New power values prize[br]transparency above all else.

0:08:31.009,0:08:33.231
It's almost a religious [br]belief in transparency,

0:08:33.231,0:08:35.495
a belief that if you shine [br]a light on something,

0:08:35.495,0:08:36.926
it will be better.

0:08:36.926,0:08:39.676
And remember that in the 20th [br]century, this was not at all true.

0:08:39.676,0:08:42.643
People thought that gentlemen[br]should sit behind closed doors

0:08:42.643,0:08:44.925
and make comfortable agreements.

0:08:44.925,0:08:48.330
New power values of informal,[br]networked governance.

0:08:48.330,0:08:50.974
New power folks would never [br]have invented the U.N. today,

0:08:50.974,0:08:52.807
for better or worse.

0:08:52.807,0:08:54.522
New power values participation,

0:08:54.522,0:08:57.317
and new power is all about do-it-yourself.

0:08:57.317,0:08:58.806
In fact, what's interesting [br]about new power

0:08:58.806,0:09:02.519
is that it eschews some of [br]the professionalization

0:09:02.519,0:09:03.994
and specialization that was

0:09:03.994,0:09:06.384
all the rage in the 20th century.

0:09:06.384,0:09:08.194
So what's interesting about these

0:09:08.194,0:09:10.160
new power values and these[br]new power models

0:09:10.160,0:09:12.455
is what they mean for organizations.

0:09:12.455,0:09:14.963
So we've spent a bit of time thinking,

0:09:14.963,0:09:17.229
how can we plot organizations

0:09:17.229,0:09:19.493
on a two-by-two where, essentially,

0:09:19.493,0:09:21.549
we look at new power values

0:09:21.549,0:09:22.813
and new power models

0:09:22.813,0:09:24.614
and see where different people sit?

0:09:24.614,0:09:26.503
We started with a U.S. analysis,

0:09:26.503,0:09:28.879
and let me show you [br]some interesting findings.

0:09:28.879,0:09:30.858
So the first is Apple.

0:09:30.858,0:09:33.393
In this framework, we actually[br]described Apple

0:09:33.393,0:09:35.515
as an old power company.

0:09:35.515,0:09:37.169
That's because the ideology,

0:09:37.169,0:09:39.457
the governing ideology of Apple

0:09:39.457,0:09:42.331
is the ideology of the perfectionist

0:09:42.331,0:09:44.355
product designer in Cupertino.

0:09:44.355,0:09:48.427
It's absolutely about that beautiful, [br]perfect thing descending upon us

0:09:48.427,0:09:49.778
in perfection.

0:09:49.778,0:09:52.401
And it does not value, as a [br]company, transparency.

0:09:52.401,0:09:54.064
In fact, it's very secretive.

0:09:54.064,0:09:56.890
Now, Apple is one of the most[br]succesful companies in the world.

0:09:56.890,0:09:58.262
So this shows that you can[br]

0:09:58.262,0:10:00.951
still pursue a successful [br]old power strategy.

0:10:00.951,0:10:03.921
But one can argue that there's [br]real vulnerabilites in that model.

0:10:03.921,0:10:05.945
I think another interesting comparison

0:10:05.945,0:10:08.122
is that of the Obama campaign

0:10:08.122,0:10:11.238
versus the Obama presidency.

0:10:11.238,0:10:18.700
(Applause)

0:10:18.700,0:10:20.447
Now, I like President Obama,

0:10:20.447,0:10:24.403
but he ran with new [br]power at his back, right?

0:10:24.403,0:10:26.230
And he said to people,[br]

0:10:26.230,0:10:28.203
we are the ones we've[br]been waiting for.

0:10:28.203,0:10:29.654
And he used crowdfunding

0:10:29.654,0:10:30.865
to power a campaign.

0:10:30.865,0:10:32.266
But when he got into office,

0:10:32.266,0:10:35.458
he governed like more or less [br]all the other presidents did.

0:10:35.458,0:10:37.822
And this is a really interesting trend,

0:10:37.822,0:10:39.820
is when new power gets powerful,

0:10:39.820,0:10:41.391
what happens?[br]

0:10:41.391,0:10:43.155
So this is a framework you [br]should look at

0:10:43.155,0:10:44.647
and think about where your[br]own organization

0:10:44.647,0:10:45.611
sits on it.

0:10:45.611,0:10:47.184
And think about where it[br]should be [br]

0:10:47.184,0:10:48.732
in five or 10 years.

0:10:48.732,0:10:51.197
So what do you do if you're old power?

0:10:51.197,0:10:54.162
Well, if you're there [br]thinking, in old power,

0:10:54.162,0:10:56.062
this won't happen to us.

0:10:56.062,0:11:01.229
Then just look at the Wikipedia[br]entry for Encyclopædia Britannica.

0:11:01.229,0:11:03.625
Let me tell you, it's a very sad read.

0:11:03.625,0:11:05.044
But if you are old power,

0:11:05.044,0:11:08.837
the most important thing you [br]can do is to occupy yourself

0:11:08.837,0:11:11.491
before others occupy you,

0:11:11.491,0:11:12.819
before you are occupied.

0:11:12.819,0:11:15.592
Imagine that a group[br]of your biggest skeptics

0:11:15.592,0:11:17.944
are camped in the heart[br]of your organization

0:11:17.944,0:11:19.823
asking the toughest questions

0:11:19.823,0:11:22.751
and they can see everything[br]inside of your organization.

0:11:22.751,0:11:25.501
And ask them, would they [br]like what they see

0:11:25.501,0:11:27.776
and should our model change?

0:11:27.776,0:11:29.639
What about if you're new power?[br]

0:11:29.639,0:11:32.273
Is new power kind of just [br]riding the wave to glory?

0:11:32.273,0:11:33.753
I would argue no.

0:11:33.753,0:11:35.709
I would argue that there[br]are some very real challenges

0:11:35.709,0:11:37.401
to new power in this nascent phase.

0:11:37.401,0:11:40.903
Let's stick with the Occupy Wall Street[br]example for a moment.

0:11:40.903,0:11:43.893
Occupy was this incredible example [br]of new power,

0:11:43.893,0:11:45.736
the purest example of new power.

0:11:45.736,0:11:48.267
And yet, it failed to consolidate.

0:11:48.267,0:11:50.164
So the energy that it created

0:11:50.164,0:11:51.605
was great for the meme phase,

0:11:51.605,0:11:54.406
but they were so committed to participation,

0:11:54.406,0:11:56.040
that they never got anything done.

0:11:56.040,0:11:57.831
And in fact that model

0:11:57.831,0:12:00.623
means that the challenge for new power is:

0:12:00.623,0:12:03.162
how do you use institutional power

0:12:03.162,0:12:05.233
without being institutionalized?[br]

0:12:05.233,0:12:07.866
One the other end of the spectra is Uber.

0:12:07.866,0:12:09.250
Uber is an amazing,

0:12:09.250,0:12:11.303
highly scalable new power model.

0:12:11.303,0:12:13.329
That network is getting denser and denser

0:12:13.329,0:12:14.589
by the day.

0:12:14.589,0:12:16.748
But what's really interesting [br]about Uber is

0:12:16.748,0:12:20.489
it hasn't really adopted new power values.

0:12:20.489,0:12:24.561
This is a real quote from [br]the Uber CEO recently:

0:12:24.561,0:12:29.009
He says, "Once we get rid of the dude [br]in the car" — he means drivers —

0:12:29.009,0:12:32.901
"Uber will be cheaper."

0:12:32.901,0:12:35.876
Now, new power models[br]live and die

0:12:35.876,0:12:38.058
by the strength of their networks.

0:12:38.058,0:12:39.991
By whether the drivers and the consumers[br]

0:12:39.991,0:12:42.332
who use the service actually believe in it.

0:12:42.332,0:12:45.833
Because they're not an exercise [br]of top-down perfectionism,

0:12:45.833,0:12:47.781
they are about the network.

0:12:47.781,0:12:49.477
And so, the challenge,

0:12:49.477,0:12:51.727
and this is why it's in[br]no way surprising,

0:12:51.727,0:12:55.983
is that Uber's drivers [br]are now unionizing.

0:12:55.983,0:12:57.583
It's extraordinary.

0:12:57.583,0:12:59.872
Uber's drivers are turning on Uber.

0:12:59.872,0:13:01.166
And the challenge for Uber —

0:13:01.166,0:13:03.093
this isn't an easy situation for them —

0:13:03.093,0:13:06.389
is that they are locked into[br]a broader superstrcuture

0:13:06.389,0:13:08.074
that is really old power.

0:13:08.074,0:13:11.082
They've raised more than a billion [br]dollars in the capital markets.

0:13:11.082,0:13:13.610
Those markets expect a financial return,

0:13:13.610,0:13:15.527
and they way you get a financial return

0:13:15.527,0:13:17.924
is by squeezing and squeezing

0:13:17.924,0:13:20.169
your users and your drivers

0:13:20.169,0:13:21.464
for more and more value

0:13:21.464,0:13:23.931
and giving that value to your investors.

0:13:23.931,0:13:27.534
So the big question about the future [br]of new power, in my view, is:

0:13:27.534,0:13:30.093
Will that old power just emerge?[br]

0:13:30.093,0:13:31.876
So will new power elites just become

0:13:31.876,0:13:33.765
old power and squeeze?

0:13:33.765,0:13:36.378
Or will that new power[br]base bite back?

0:13:36.378,0:13:38.139
Will the next big Uber

0:13:38.139,0:13:40.519
be co-owned by Uber drivers?

0:13:40.519,0:13:43.302
And I think this going [br]to be a very interesting

0:13:43.302,0:13:45.204
structural question.

0:13:45.204,0:13:48.486
Finally, think about new power

0:13:48.486,0:13:50.853
being more than just an

0:13:50.853,0:13:52.489
entity that scales things [br]

0:13:52.489,0:13:56.205
that make us have slightly [br]better consumer experiences.

0:13:56.205,0:13:58.371
My call to action for new power

0:13:58.371,0:14:00.779
is to not be an island.

0:14:00.779,0:14:03.935
We have major structural[br]problems in the world today

0:14:03.935,0:14:06.191
that could benefit enormously

0:14:06.191,0:14:08.505
from the kinds of mass participation

0:14:08.505,0:14:09.842
and peer coordination

0:14:09.842,0:14:11.570
that these new power players

0:14:11.570,0:14:13.966
know so well how to generate.

0:14:13.966,0:14:17.479
And we badly need them to [br]turn their energies and their power

0:14:17.479,0:14:20.703
to big, what economists might call

0:14:20.703,0:14:22.276
public goods problems,

0:14:22.276,0:14:24.322
that are often beyond markets

0:14:24.322,0:14:26.332
where investors can easily be found.

0:14:26.332,0:14:28.222
And I think if we can do that,

0:14:28.222,0:14:31.207
we might be able to fundamentally change

0:14:31.207,0:14:34.738
not only human beings' sense of [br]their own agency and power —

0:14:34.738,0:14:37.596
because I think that's the most[br]wonderful thing about new power,

0:14:37.596,0:14:40.348
is that people feel more powerful —

0:14:40.348,0:14:42.129
but we might also be able to change

0:14:42.129,0:14:43.892
the way we relate to each other

0:14:43.892,0:14:47.003
and the way we relate to [br]authority and institutions.

0:14:47.003,0:14:49.051
And to me, that's absolutely

0:14:49.051,0:14:50.622
worth trying for.

0:14:50.622,0:14:51.718
Thank you very much.

0:14:51.718,0:14:53.810
(Applause)