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To be honest, by personality,

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I'm just not much of a crier.

3
00:00:07,316 --> 00:00:10,596
But I think in my career
that's been a good thing.

4
00:00:11,246 --> 00:00:12,630
I'm a civil rights lawyer,

5
00:00:12,630 --> 00:00:15,634
and I've seen some 
horrible things in the world.

6
00:00:17,034 --> 00:00:20,844
I began my career working 
police abuse cases in the United States.

7
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And then in 1994, I was sent to Rwanda

8
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to be the director of the U.N.'s 
genocide investigation.

9
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It turns out that tears 
just aren't much help

10
00:00:33,647 --> 00:00:37,176
when you're trying 
to investigate a genocide.

11
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The things I had to see, 
and feel and touch

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were pretty unspeakable.

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What I can tell you is this:

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that the Rwandan genocide

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was one of the world's
greatest failures of simple compassion.

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That word, compassion, actually 
comes from two Latin words:

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00:01:01,120 --> 00:01:06,642
cum passio, which simply mean 
"to suffer with."

18
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And the things that I saw and experienced

19
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in Rwanda as I got up close
to human suffering,

20
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it did, in moments, move me to tears.

21
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But I just wish that I, 
and the rest of the world,

22
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had been moved earlier.

23
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And not just to tears,

24
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but to actually stop the genocide.

25
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Now by contrast, I've also been involved

26
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with one of the world's greatest
successes of compassion.

27
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And that's the fight against 
global poverty.

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It's a cause that probably
has involved all of us here.

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I don't know if your first introduction

30
00:01:42,852 --> 00:01:46,217
might have been choruses of
"We Are the World,"

31
00:01:46,217 --> 00:01:50,280
or maybe the picture of a sponsored child
on your refrigerator door,

32
00:01:50,280 --> 00:01:54,367
or maybe the birthday you
donated for fresh water.

33
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I don't really remember what my first
introduction to poverty was

34
00:01:57,581 --> 00:02:01,145
but I do remember the most jarring.

35
00:02:01,145 --> 00:02:03,307
It was when I met Venus --

36
00:02:03,307 --> 00:02:06,029
she's a mom from Zambia.

37
00:02:06,029 --> 00:02:09,655
She's got three kids and she's a widow.

38
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When I met her, she had walked
about 12 miles

39
00:02:13,022 --> 00:02:15,695
in the only garments she owned,

40
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to come to the capital city
and to share her story.

41
00:02:19,957 --> 00:02:23,572
She sat down with me for hours,

42
00:02:23,572 --> 00:02:28,097
just ushered me in to 
the world of poverty.

43
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She described what it was like 
when the coals on the cooking fire

44
00:02:31,238 --> 00:02:34,967
finally just went completely cold.

45
00:02:34,967 --> 00:02:39,729
When that last drop 
of cooking oil finally ran out.

46
00:02:39,729 --> 00:02:43,585
When the last of the food, 
despite her best efforts,

47
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ran out.

48
00:02:46,113 --> 00:02:49,096
She had to watch her youngest son, Peter,

49
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suffer from malnutrition,

50
00:02:51,878 --> 00:02:55,954
as his legs just slowly bowed 
into uselessness.

51
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As his eyes grew cloudy and dim.

52
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And then as Peter finally grew cold.

53
00:03:06,130 --> 00:03:11,811
For over 50 years, stories like this
have been moving us to compassion.

54
00:03:11,811 --> 00:03:14,661
We whose kids have plenty to eat.

55
00:03:14,661 --> 00:03:17,330
And we're moved not only 
to care about global poverty,

56
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but to actually try to do our part 
to stop the suffering.

57
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Now there's plenty of room for critique 
that we haven't done enough,

58
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and what it is that we've done
hasn't been effective enough,

59
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but the truth is this:

60
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The fight against global poverty
is probably the broadest,

61
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longest running manifestation of the 
human phenomenon of compassion

62
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in the history of our species.

63
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And so I'd like to share
a pretty shattering insight

64
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that might forever change the way
you think about that struggle.

65
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But first, let me begin with what
you probably already know.

66
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Thirty-five years ago, when I would have
been graduating from high school,

67
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they told us that 40,000 kids every day
died because of poverty.

68
00:04:05,297 --> 00:04:09,669
That number, today, is now 
down to 17,000.

69
00:04:09,669 --> 00:04:11,675
Way too many, of course,

70
00:04:11,675 --> 00:04:14,352
but it does mean that every year,

71
00:04:14,352 --> 00:04:18,900
there's eight million kids who
don't have to die from poverty.

72
00:04:19,650 --> 00:04:22,067
Moreover, the number of 
people in our world

73
00:04:22,067 --> 00:04:24,230
who are living in extreme poverty,

74
00:04:24,230 --> 00:04:27,567
which is defined as living off
about a dollar and a quarter a day,

75
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that has fallen from 50 percent,

76
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to only 15 percent.

77
00:04:35,403 --> 00:04:36,853
This is massive progress,

78
00:04:36,853 --> 00:04:41,678
and this exceeds everybody's 
expectations about what is possible.

79
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And I think you and I,

80
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I think, honestly, that we can 
feel proud and encouraged

81
00:04:49,399 --> 00:04:53,284
to see the way that compassion 
actually has the power

82
00:04:53,284 --> 00:04:58,476
to succeed in stopping 
the suffering of millions.

83
00:04:58,476 --> 00:05:02,852
But here's the part that you 
might not hear very much about.

84
00:05:02,852 --> 00:05:07,586
If you move that poverty mark just
up to two dollars a day,

85
00:05:07,586 --> 00:05:10,585
it turns out that virtually 
the same two billion people

86
00:05:10,585 --> 00:05:14,397
who were stuck in that harsh poverty
when I was in high school,

87
00:05:14,397 --> 00:05:16,278
are still stuck there,

88
00:05:16,278 --> 00:05:18,667
35 years later.

89
00:05:18,667 --> 00:05:23,686
So why, why are so many billions
still stuck in such harsh poverty?

90
00:05:24,396 --> 00:05:27,351
Well, let's think about
Venus for a moment.

91
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Now for decades, my wife and I have been
moved by common compassion

92
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to sponsor kids, to fund microloans,

93
00:05:33,952 --> 00:05:37,471
to support generous levels of foreign aid.

94
00:05:37,471 --> 00:05:40,563
But until I had actually talked to Venus,

95
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I would have had no idea that 
none of those approaches

96
00:05:43,200 --> 00:05:48,696
actually addressed why she had
to watch her son die.

97
00:05:49,806 --> 00:05:54,243
"We were doing fine," Venus told me,

98
00:05:54,243 --> 00:05:58,785
"until Brutus started to cause trouble."

99
00:05:58,785 --> 00:06:01,755
Now, Brutus is Venus' neighbor 
and "cause trouble"

100
00:06:01,755 --> 00:06:05,281
is what happened the day after
Venus' husband died,

101
00:06:05,281 --> 00:06:09,213
when Brutus just came and threw
Venus and the kids out of the house,

102
00:06:09,213 --> 00:06:12,965
stole all their land, and robbed
their market stall.

103
00:06:14,385 --> 00:06:19,342
You see, Venus was thrown 
into destitution by violence.

104
00:06:20,882 --> 00:06:22,891
And then it occurred to me, of course,

105
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that none of my child sponsorships,
none of the microloans,

106
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none of the traditional 
anti-poverty programs

107
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were going to stop Brutus,

108
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because they weren't meant to.

109
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This became even more clear
to me when I met Griselda.

110
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She's a marvelous young girl
living in a very poor community

111
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in Guatemala.

112
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And one of the things
we've learned over the years

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is that perhaps the most powerful thing

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that Griselda and her family can do

115
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to get Griselda and her family 
out of poverty

116
00:06:59,390 --> 00:07:02,514
is to make sure that she goes to school.

117
00:07:02,514 --> 00:07:07,239
The experts call this the Girl Effect.

118
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But when we met Griselda, 
she wasn't going to school.

119
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In fact, she was rarely ever 
leaving her home.

120
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Days before we met her,

121
00:07:18,173 --> 00:07:20,818
while she was walking home
from church with her family,

122
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in broad daylight,

123
00:07:23,133 --> 00:07:26,610
men from her community 
just snatched her off the street,

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and violently raped her.

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See, Griselda had every
opportunity to go to school,

126
00:07:34,205 --> 00:07:37,626
it just wasn't safe for her to get there.

127
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And Griselda's not the only one.

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Around the world, poor women and girls

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between the ages of 15 and 44,

130
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they are -- when victims of 
the everyday violence

131
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of domestic abuse and sexual violence --

132
00:07:55,872 --> 00:08:00,684
those two forms of violence account
for more death and disability

133
00:08:00,684 --> 00:08:07,688
than malaria, than car accidents,
than war combined.

134
00:08:11,298 --> 00:08:16,075
The truth is, the poor of our world
are trapped in whole systems of violence.

135
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In South Asia, for instance,
I could drive past this rice mill

136
00:08:20,108 --> 00:08:23,045
and see this man hoisting 
these 100-pound sacks

137
00:08:23,045 --> 00:08:25,089
of rice upon his thin back.

138
00:08:25,089 --> 00:08:26,907
But I would have no idea, until later,

139
00:08:26,907 --> 00:08:29,349
that he was actually a slave,

140
00:08:29,349 --> 00:08:33,738
held by violence in that rice mill
since I was in high school.

141
00:08:34,828 --> 00:08:38,239
Decades of anti-poverty programs
right in his community

142
00:08:38,239 --> 00:08:42,321
were never able to rescue him
or any of the hundred other slaves

143
00:08:42,321 --> 00:08:45,957
from the beatings and the rapes
and the torture

144
00:08:45,957 --> 00:08:49,652
of violence inside the rice mill.

145
00:08:49,652 --> 00:08:54,032
In fact, half a century of 
anti-poverty programs

146
00:08:54,032 --> 00:08:57,706
have left more poor people in slavery

147
00:08:57,706 --> 00:09:01,071
than in any other time in human history.

148
00:09:01,071 --> 00:09:07,050
Experts tell us that there's about
35 million people in slavery today.

149
00:09:07,050 --> 00:09:10,711
That's about the population 
of the entire nation of Canada,

150
00:09:10,711 --> 00:09:14,179
where we're sitting today.

151
00:09:14,179 --> 00:09:17,483
This is why, over time, I have come
to call this epidemic of violence

152
00:09:17,483 --> 00:09:19,772
the Locust Effect.

153
00:09:19,772 --> 00:09:22,783
Because in the lives of the poor,
it just descends like a plague

154
00:09:22,783 --> 00:09:25,571
and it destroys everything.

155
00:09:25,571 --> 00:09:29,954
In fact, now when you survey
very, very poor communities,

156
00:09:29,954 --> 00:09:34,038
residents will tell you that their
greatest fear is violence.

157
00:09:34,038 --> 00:09:36,607
But notice the violence that they fear

158
00:09:36,607 --> 00:09:39,785
is not the violence of 
genocide or the wars,

159
00:09:39,785 --> 00:09:42,140
it's everyday violence.

160
00:09:42,140 --> 00:09:45,353
So for me, as a lawyer, of course,
my first reaction was to think,

161
00:09:45,353 --> 00:09:47,667
well, of course we've
got to change all the laws.

162
00:09:47,667 --> 00:09:51,167
We've got to make all this violence
against the poor illegal.

163
00:09:51,167 --> 00:09:54,902
But then I found out, it already is.

164
00:09:54,902 --> 00:09:57,742
The problem is not that 
the poor don't get laws,

165
00:09:57,742 --> 00:10:01,442
it's that they don't get law enforcement.

166
00:10:02,542 --> 00:10:04,185
In the developing world,

167
00:10:04,185 --> 00:10:07,250
basic law enforcement systems
are so broken

168
00:10:07,250 --> 00:10:10,416
that recently the U.N. issued 
a report that found

169
00:10:10,416 --> 00:10:16,020
that "most poor people live
outside the protection of the law."

170
00:10:16,020 --> 00:10:18,412
Now honestly, you and I have 
just about no idea

171
00:10:18,412 --> 00:10:20,009
of what that would mean

172
00:10:20,009 --> 00:10:23,688
because we have no 
first-hand experience of it.

173
00:10:23,688 --> 00:10:26,765
Functioning law enforcement for us 
is just a total assumption.

174
00:10:26,765 --> 00:10:31,137
In fact, nothing expresses that assumption
more clearly than three simple numbers:

175
00:10:31,137 --> 00:10:33,598
9-1-1,

176
00:10:33,598 --> 00:10:36,765
which, of course, is the number
for the emergency police operator

177
00:10:36,765 --> 00:10:40,066
here in Canada and in the United States,

178
00:10:40,066 --> 00:10:44,147
where the average response time 
to a police 911 emergency call

179
00:10:44,147 --> 00:10:45,810
is about 10 minutes.

180
00:10:45,810 --> 00:10:48,995
So we take this just 
completely for granted.

181
00:10:48,995 --> 00:10:53,512
But what if there was no 
law enforcement to protect you?

182
00:10:54,582 --> 00:10:59,204
A woman in Oregon recently
experienced what this would be like.

183
00:10:59,204 --> 00:11:03,545
She was home alone in her 
dark house on a Saturday night,

184
00:11:03,545 --> 00:11:06,510
when a man started to tear 
his way into her home.

185
00:11:06,510 --> 00:11:08,467
This was her worst nightmare,

186
00:11:08,467 --> 00:11:13,075
because this man had actually put her
in the hospital from an assault

187
00:11:13,075 --> 00:11:15,193
just two weeks before.

188
00:11:15,193 --> 00:11:18,551
So terrified, she picks up that phone
and does what any of us would do:

189
00:11:18,551 --> 00:11:21,196
She calls 911 --

190
00:11:21,196 --> 00:11:26,028
but only to learn that because 
of budget cuts in her county,

191
00:11:26,028 --> 00:11:29,397
law enforcement wasn't available 
on the weekends.

192
00:11:29,397 --> 00:11:30,187
Listen.

193
00:11:30,187 --> 00:11:33,006
Dispatcher: I don't have anybody 
to send out there.

194
00:11:33,006 --> 00:11:34,023
Woman: OK

195
00:11:34,023 --> 00:11:38,126
Dispatcher: Um, obviously if he comes
inside the residence and assaults you,

196
00:11:38,126 --> 00:11:39,799
can you ask him to go away?

197
00:11:39,799 --> 00:11:42,042
Or do you know if
he is intoxicated or anything?

198
00:11:42,042 --> 00:11:45,415
Woman: I've already asked him.
I've already told him I was calling you.

199
00:11:45,415 --> 00:11:48,088
He's broken in before,
busted down my door, assaulted me.

200
00:11:48,088 --> 00:11:49,033
Dispatcher: Uh-huh.

201
00:11:49,033 --> 00:11:50,186
Woman: Um, yeah, so ...

202
00:11:50,186 --> 00:11:53,405
Dispatcher: Is there any way you could
safely leave the residence?

203
00:11:53,405 --> 00:11:56,822
Woman: No, I can't, because he's blocking
pretty much my only way out.

204
00:11:56,822 --> 00:11:59,968
Dispatcher: Well, the only thing I can do 
is give you some advice,

205
00:11:59,968 --> 00:12:02,684
and call the sheriff's office tomorrow.

206
00:12:02,684 --> 00:12:07,496
Obviously, if he comes in and
unfortunately has a weapon

207
00:12:07,496 --> 00:12:10,822
or is trying to cause you physical harm,
that's a different story.

208
00:12:10,822 --> 00:12:13,489
You know, the sheriff's office
doesn't work up there.

209
00:12:13,489 --> 00:12:16,145
I don't have anybody to send."

210
00:12:17,735 --> 00:12:20,388
Gary Haugen: Tragically, the woman 
inside that house

211
00:12:20,388 --> 00:12:26,327
was violently assaulted, choked and raped


212
00:12:26,327 --> 00:12:32,371
because this is what it means to live
outside the rule of law.

213
00:12:33,841 --> 00:12:37,855
And this is where billions
of our poorest live.

214
00:12:40,015 --> 00:12:42,443
What does that look like?

215
00:12:42,443 --> 00:12:46,871
In Bolivia, for example, if a man 
sexually assaults a poor child,

216
00:12:46,871 --> 00:12:51,544
statistically, he's at greater risk
of slipping in the shower and dying

217
00:12:51,544 --> 00:12:54,942
than he is of ever going 
to jail for that crime.

218
00:12:56,002 --> 00:13:00,687
In South Asia, if you 
enslave a poor person,

219
00:13:00,687 --> 00:13:03,610
you're at greater risk of being 
struck by lightning

220
00:13:03,610 --> 00:13:06,660
than ever being sent 
to jail for that crime.

221
00:13:06,660 --> 00:13:11,639
And so the epidemic of everyday 
violence, it just rages on.

222
00:13:11,639 --> 00:13:15,738
And it devastates our efforts to try
to help billions of people

223
00:13:15,738 --> 00:13:19,315
out of their two-dollar-a-day hell.

224
00:13:19,315 --> 00:13:21,817
Because the data just doesn't lie.

225
00:13:21,817 --> 00:13:24,876
It turns out that you can give 
all manner of goods and services

226
00:13:24,876 --> 00:13:26,029
to the poor,

227
00:13:26,029 --> 00:13:29,155
but if you don't restrain the hands 
of the violent bullies

228
00:13:29,155 --> 00:13:30,990
from taking it all away,

229
00:13:30,990 --> 00:13:35,349
you're going to be very disappointed
in the long-term impact of your efforts.

230
00:13:35,889 --> 00:13:39,660
So you would think that the disintegration
of basic law enforcement

231
00:13:39,660 --> 00:13:42,675
in the developing world
would be a huge priority

232
00:13:42,675 --> 00:13:45,915
for the global fight against poverty.

233
00:13:45,915 --> 00:13:48,048
But it's not.

234
00:13:49,028 --> 00:13:52,825
Auditors of international assistance
recently couldn't find

235
00:13:52,825 --> 00:13:56,659
even one percent of aid going 
to protect the poor

236
00:13:56,659 --> 00:14:00,990
from the lawless chaos 
of everyday violence.

237
00:14:00,990 --> 00:14:04,296
And honestly, when we do talk about 
violence against the poor,

238
00:14:04,296 --> 00:14:07,805
sometimes it's in the weirdest of ways.

239
00:14:07,805 --> 00:14:10,888
A fresh water organization tells
a heart-wrenching story

240
00:14:10,888 --> 00:14:14,480
of girls who are raped on the way
to fetching water,

241
00:14:14,480 --> 00:14:18,290
and then celebrates
the solution of a new well

242
00:14:18,290 --> 00:14:21,745
that drastically shortens their walk.

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End of story.

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But not a word about the rapists who
are still right there in the community.

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If a young woman on one 
of our college campuses

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was raped on her walk to the library, 


247
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we would never celebrate the solution
of moving the library closer to the dorm.

248
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And yet, for some reason,
this is okay for poor people.

249
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Now the truth is, the traditional experts

250
00:14:51,469 --> 00:14:53,775
in economic development
and poverty alleviation,

251
00:14:53,775 --> 00:14:56,035
they don't know how to fix this problem.

252
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And so what happens?

253
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They don't talk about it.

254
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But the more fundamental reason

255
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that law enforcement for the poor
in the developing world

256
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is so neglected,

257
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is because the people inside
the developing world, with money,

258
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don't need it.

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00:15:17,165 --> 00:15:19,745
I was at the World Economic 
Forum not long ago

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talking to corporate executives who have
massive businesses in the developing world

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and I was just asking them,

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"How do you guys protect all your people
and property from all the violence?"

263
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And they looked at each other, 
and they said, practically in unison,

264
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"We buy it."

265
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Indeed, private security forces 
in the developing world

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are now, four, five and seven times
larger than the public police force.

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In Africa, the largest employer 
on the continent now is private security.

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But see, the rich can pay for safety
and can keep getting richer,

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but the poor can't pay for it
and they're left totally unprotected

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and they keep getting thrown
to the ground.

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This is a massive and scandalous outrage.

272
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And it doesn't have to be this way.

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00:16:17,849 --> 00:16:20,416
Broken law enforcement can be fixed.

274
00:16:20,416 --> 00:16:22,496
Violence can be stopped.

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Almost all criminal justice systems,


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they start out broken and corrupt,

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00:16:27,417 --> 00:16:31,687
but they can be transformed
by fierce effort and commitment.

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The path forward is really pretty clear.

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Number one: We have to start making

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stopping violence indispensable 
to the fight against poverty.

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00:16:41,144 --> 00:16:43,578
In fact, any conversation
about global poverty


282
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that doesn't include the problem 
of violence must be deemed not serious.

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And secondly, we have to begin 
to seriously invest resources

284
00:16:53,792 --> 00:16:57,729
and share expertise to support 
the developing world

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00:16:57,729 --> 00:17:01,086
as they fashion new, 
public systems of justice,

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not private security,

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00:17:02,652 --> 00:17:05,299
that give everybody a chance to be safe.

288
00:17:06,349 --> 00:17:09,031
These transformations 
are actually possible

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00:17:09,031 --> 00:17:11,640
and they're happening today.

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00:17:11,640 --> 00:17:14,778
Recently, the Gates Foundation 
funded a project

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00:17:14,778 --> 00:17:17,254
in the second largest city 
of the Philippines,

292
00:17:17,254 --> 00:17:20,260
where local advocates
and local law enforcement

293
00:17:20,260 --> 00:17:27,118
were able to transform corrupt police
and broken courts so drastically,

294
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that in just four short years,

295
00:17:29,705 --> 00:17:32,177
they were able to measurably reduce

296
00:17:32,177 --> 00:17:37,671
the commercial sexual violence 
against poor kids by 79 percent.

297
00:17:39,758 --> 00:17:43,302
You know, from the hindsight of history,

298
00:17:43,302 --> 00:17:48,859
what's always most inexplicable
and inexcusable

299
00:17:48,859 --> 00:17:52,080
are the simple failures of compassion.

300
00:17:53,480 --> 00:17:58,208
Because I think history convenes 
a tribunal of our grandchildren

301
00:17:58,208 --> 00:17:59,969
and they just ask us,

302
00:17:59,969 --> 00:18:03,211
"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you?

303
00:18:04,211 --> 00:18:07,766
Where were you, Grandpa, when 
the Jews were fleeing Nazi Germany

304
00:18:07,766 --> 00:18:09,695
and were being rejected from our shores?

305
00:18:09,695 --> 00:18:11,823
Where were you?

306
00:18:11,823 --> 00:18:14,223
And Grandma, where were you
when they were marching

307
00:18:14,223 --> 00:18:18,276
our Japanese-American neighbors
off to internment camps?

308
00:18:18,276 --> 00:18:20,665
And Grandpa, where were you 
when they were beating

309
00:18:20,665 --> 00:18:22,938
our African-American neighbors

310
00:18:22,938 --> 00:18:26,458
just because they were trying
to register to vote?"

311
00:18:26,458 --> 00:18:30,702
Likewise, when our grandchildren ask us,

312
00:18:30,702 --> 00:18:33,143
"Grandma, Grandpa, where were you

313
00:18:33,143 --> 00:18:37,636
when two billion of the world's poorest
were drowning in a lawless chaos

314
00:18:37,636 --> 00:18:40,337
of everyday violence?"

315
00:18:41,287 --> 00:18:47,852
I hope we can say that we had compassion,
that we raised our voice,

316
00:18:47,852 --> 00:18:55,684
and as a generation, we were moved
to make the violence stop.

317
00:18:55,684 --> 00:18:58,141
Thank you very much.

318
00:18:58,141 --> 00:19:01,830
(Applause)

319
00:19:13,890 --> 00:19:16,785
Chris Anderson: Really powerfully argued.

320
00:19:16,785 --> 00:19:19,064
Talk to us a bit about
some of the things

321
00:19:19,064 --> 00:19:25,588
that have actually been happening to,
for example, boost police training.

322
00:19:25,588 --> 00:19:27,427
How hard a process is that?

323
00:19:27,427 --> 00:19:31,009
GH: Well, one of the glorious 
things that's starting to happen now

324
00:19:31,009 --> 00:19:35,619
is that the collapse of these systems
and the consequences are becoming obvious.

325
00:19:35,619 --> 00:19:38,981
There's actually, now, 
political will to do that.

326
00:19:38,981 --> 00:19:43,106
But it just requires now an investment
of resources and transfer of expertise.

327
00:19:43,106 --> 00:19:46,509
There's a political will struggle 
that's going to take place as well,

328
00:19:46,509 --> 00:19:48,324
but those are winnable fights,

329
00:19:48,324 --> 00:19:50,623
because we've done some examples
around the world

330
00:19:50,623 --> 00:19:53,732
at International Justice Mission
that are very encouraging.

331
00:19:53,732 --> 00:19:57,233
CA: So just tell us in one country,
how much it costs

332
00:19:57,233 --> 00:20:00,748
to make a material difference 
to police, for example --

333
00:20:00,748 --> 00:20:02,538
I know that's only one piece of it.

334
00:20:02,538 --> 00:20:05,754
GH: In Guatemala, for instance,
we've started a project there

335
00:20:05,754 --> 00:20:09,006
with the local police 
and court system, prosecutors,

336
00:20:09,006 --> 00:20:12,819
to retrain them so that they can 
actually effectively bring these cases.

337
00:20:12,819 --> 00:20:17,131
And we've seen prosecutions against
perpetrators of sexual violence

338
00:20:17,131 --> 00:20:19,967
increase by more than 1,000 percent.

339
00:20:19,967 --> 00:20:24,356
This project has been very modestly funded
at about a million dollars a year,

340
00:20:24,356 --> 00:20:26,662
and the kind of bang 
you can get for your buck

341
00:20:26,662 --> 00:20:30,838
in terms of leveraging
a criminal justice system

342
00:20:30,838 --> 00:20:35,595
that could function if it were properly
trained and motivated and led,

343
00:20:35,595 --> 00:20:38,138
and these countries, 
especially a middle class

344
00:20:38,138 --> 00:20:41,282
that is seeing that there's 
really no future

345
00:20:41,282 --> 00:20:45,150
with this total instability and
total privatization of security

346
00:20:45,150 --> 00:20:48,341
I think there's an opportunity,
a window for change.

347
00:20:48,341 --> 00:20:53,418
CA: But to make this happen, you have
to look at each part in the chain --

348
00:20:53,421 --> 00:20:55,676
the police, who else?

349
00:20:55,676 --> 00:20:57,957
GH: So that's the thing 
about law enforcement,

350
00:20:57,957 --> 00:20:59,400
it starts out with the police,

351
00:20:59,400 --> 00:21:02,083
they're the front end
of the pipeline of justice,

352
00:21:02,083 --> 00:21:04,030
but they hand if off to the prosecutors,

353
00:21:04,030 --> 00:21:06,265
and the prosecutors 
hand it off to the courts,

354
00:21:06,265 --> 00:21:09,557
and the survivors of violence 
have to be supported by social services

355
00:21:09,557 --> 00:21:10,863
all the way through that.

356
00:21:10,863 --> 00:21:13,675
So you have to do an approach 
that pulls that all together.

357
00:21:13,675 --> 00:21:16,726
In the past, there's been a little bit
of training of the courts,

358
00:21:16,726 --> 00:21:18,900
but they get crappy evidence 
from the police,

359
00:21:18,900 --> 00:21:22,537
or a little police intervention 
that has to do with narcotics or terrorism

360
00:21:22,537 --> 00:21:25,405
but nothing to do with treating
the common poor person

361
00:21:25,405 --> 00:21:26,924
with excellent law enforcement,

362
00:21:26,924 --> 00:21:28,949
so it's about pulling that all together,

363
00:21:28,949 --> 00:21:32,091
and you can actually have people
in very poor communities

364
00:21:32,091 --> 00:21:34,274
experience law enforcement like us,

365
00:21:34,274 --> 00:21:37,096
which is imperfect in our 
own experience, for sure,

366
00:21:37,096 --> 00:21:40,228
but boy, is it a great thing to sense
that you can call 911

367
00:21:40,228 --> 00:21:43,264
and maybe someone will protect you.

368
00:21:43,264 --> 00:21:45,537
CA: Gary, I think you've done 
a spectacular job

369
00:21:45,537 --> 00:21:47,664
of bringing this to the world's attention

370
00:21:47,664 --> 00:21:49,411
in your book and right here today.

371
00:21:49,411 --> 00:21:50,505
Thanks so much.

372
00:21:50,505 --> 00:21:51,281
Gary Haugen.

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00:21:51,281 --> 00:21:53,114
(Applause)