[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.62,0:00:02.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we think about mapping cities,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.40,0:00:05.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we tend to think about roads\Nand streets and buildings,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:05.20,0:00:08.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the settlement narrative\Nthat led to their creation,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.00,0:00:10.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you might think about\Nthe bold vision of an urban designer,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.98,0:00:13.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but there's other ways\Nto think about mapping cities
Dialogue: 0,0:00:13.49,0:00:15.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how they got to be made.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.65,0:00:17.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Today, I want to show you\Na new kind of map.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:17.75,0:00:19.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not a geographic map.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:19.24,0:00:22.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is a map of the relationships \Nbetween people in my hometown
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.37,0:00:23.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of Baltimore, Maryland,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:23.71,0:00:28.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what you can see here is that\Neach dot represents a person,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:28.13,0:00:31.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,each line represents a relationship\Nbetween those people,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:31.42,0:00:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and each color represents a community\Nwithin the network.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:34.87,0:00:39.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'm here on the green side,\Ndown on the far right where the geeks are,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:39.73,0:00:43.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and TEDx also is down \Non the far right. (Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.58,0:00:46.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, on the other side of the network,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.16,0:00:49.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you tend to have primarily\NAfrican-American and Latino folks
Dialogue: 0,0:00:49.12,0:00:52.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who are really concerned about somewhat\Ndifferent things than the geeks are,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.71,0:00:54.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but just to give some sense,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.15,0:00:56.55,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the green part of the network \Nwe call Smalltimore,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.55,0:00:58.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for those of us that inhabit it,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.10,0:01:01.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because it seems as though\Nwe're living in a very small town.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:01.01,0:01:03.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We see the same people\Nover and over again,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.05,0:01:05.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's because\Nwe're not really exploring
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.22,0:01:08.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the full depth and breadth of the city.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:08.08,0:01:09.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the other end of the network,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.83,0:01:12.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have folks who are interested\Nin things like hip-hop music
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.77,0:01:16.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and they even identify with living\Nin the DC/Maryland/Virginia area
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.57,0:01:20.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,over, say, the Baltimore city\Ndesignation proper.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:20.99,0:01:23.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But in the middle, you see that there's
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.09,0:01:25.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that connects\Nthe two communities together,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:25.57,0:01:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that's sports.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.45,0:01:29.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We have the Baltimore Orioles,\Nthe Baltimore Ravens football team,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:29.54,0:01:30.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Michael Phelps, the Olympian.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:30.99,0:01:33.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Under Armour, you may have heard of,\Nis a Baltimore company,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:33.82,0:01:36.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and that community of sports\Nacts as the only bridge
Dialogue: 0,0:01:36.26,0:01:38.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between these two ends of the network.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.53,0:01:40.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's take a look at San Francisco.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:40.42,0:01:43.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You see something a little bit\Ndifferent happening in San Francisco.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:43.61,0:01:48.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,On the one hand, you do have\Nthe media, politics and news lobe
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.00,0:01:50.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that tends to exist\Nin Baltimore and other cities,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:50.54,0:01:52.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but you also have this\Nvery predominant group
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.89,0:01:57.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of geeks and techies that are sort of\Ntaking over the top half of the network,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.28,0:01:59.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's even a group\Nthat's so distinct and clear
Dialogue: 0,0:01:59.79,0:02:02.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that we can identify it\Nas Twitter employees,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:02.14,0:02:05.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,next to the geeks, in between\Nthe gamers and the geeks,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.50,0:02:08.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the opposite end\Nof the hip-hop spectrum.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.44,0:02:10.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you can see, though,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.16,0:02:12.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the tensions that we've\Nheard about in San Francisco
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.84,0:02:15.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in terms of people being\Nconcerned about gentrification
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.76,0:02:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and all the new tech companies\Nthat are bringing new wealth
Dialogue: 0,0:02:18.52,0:02:20.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and settlement into the city are real,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.62,0:02:22.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you can actually see\Nthat documented here.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.85,0:02:24.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You can see the LGBT community
Dialogue: 0,0:02:24.87,0:02:28.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is not really getting along\Nwith the geek community that well,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:28.16,0:02:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the arts community, the music community.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:30.30,0:02:32.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so it leads to things like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:32.07,0:02:33.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,["Evict Twitter"]
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.04,0:02:34.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Somebody sent me this photo\Na few weeks ago,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:34.87,0:02:37.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and it shows what is happening\Non the ground in San Francisco,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:37.77,0:02:40.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think you can\Nactually try to understand that
Dialogue: 0,0:02:40.16,0:02:41.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,through looking at a map like this.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:41.86,0:02:43.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's take a look at Rio de Janeiro.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.62,0:02:46.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I spent the last few weeks\Ngathering data about Rio,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:46.07,0:02:48.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and one of the things\Nthat stood out to me about this city
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.88,0:02:51.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that everything's\Nreally kind of mixed up.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.00,0:02:55.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a very heterogenous city in a way \Nthat Baltimore or San Francisco is not.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.11,0:02:57.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You still have the lobe of people involved
Dialogue: 0,0:02:57.56,0:02:59.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with government, newspapers,\Npolitics, columnists.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.95,0:03:03.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,TEDxRio is down in the lower right,\Nright next to bloggers and writers.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:03.35,0:03:06.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But then you also have this\Ntremendous diversity of people
Dialogue: 0,0:03:06.06,0:03:08.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that are interested\Nin different kinds of music.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.33,0:03:10.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Even Justin Bieber fans\Nare represented here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.54,0:03:13.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other boy bands, country singers,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:13.43,0:03:16.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,gospel music, funk and rap\Nand stand-up comedy,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:16.34,0:03:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and there's even a whole section\Naround drugs and jokes.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.38,0:03:20.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How cool is that?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.86,0:03:23.100,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And then the Flamengo football team\Nis also represented here.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.100,0:03:26.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So you have that same kind of spread
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.16,0:03:28.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of sports and civics\Nand the arts and music,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:28.87,0:03:31.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but it's represented\Nin a very different way,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:31.03,0:03:34.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think that maybe fits\Nwith our understanding of Rio
Dialogue: 0,0:03:34.35,0:03:38.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as being a very multicultural,\Nmusically diverse city.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.37,0:03:41.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have all this data.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:41.98,0:03:45.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's an incredibly rich set of data\Nthat we have about cities now,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:45.10,0:03:48.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,maybe even richer than any data set\Nthat we've ever had before.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.35,0:03:50.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what can we do with it?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.27,0:03:53.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I think the first thing\Nthat we can try to understand
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.14,0:03:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that segregation is a social construct.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:55.48,0:03:58.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's something that we choose to do,\Nand we could choose not to do it,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:58.82,0:04:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and if you kind of think about it,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.76,0:04:04.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what we're doing with this data\Nis aiming a space telescope at a city
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.17,0:04:07.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and looking at it as if was\Na giant high school cafeteria,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:07.20,0:04:10.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and seeing how everybody arranged\Nthemselves in a seating chart.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:10.94,0:04:14.25,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well maybe it's time to shake up\Nthe seating chart a little bit.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:14.25,0:04:16.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other thing that we start to realize
Dialogue: 0,0:04:16.79,0:04:19.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is that race is a really\Npoor proxy for diversity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:19.43,0:04:22.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We've got people represented\Nfrom all different types of races
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.36,0:04:24.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,across the entire map here --
Dialogue: 0,0:04:24.69,0:04:27.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,only looking at race
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.07,0:04:29.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,doesn't really contribute to\Nour development of diversity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:29.78,0:04:31.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So if we're trying to use diversity
Dialogue: 0,0:04:31.52,0:04:34.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as a way to tackle some of our\Nmore intractable problems,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.60,0:04:37.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we need to start to think \Nabout diversity in a new way.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:37.90,0:04:41.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And lastly, we have the ability to create
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.43,0:04:44.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,interventions to start to reshape\Nour cities in a new way,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.52,0:04:47.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I believe that if\Nwe have that capability,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:47.12,0:04:50.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we may even bear some\Nresponsibility to do so.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.18,0:04:51.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is a city?
Dialogue: 0,0:04:51.95,0:04:54.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I think some might say that it is
Dialogue: 0,0:04:54.16,0:04:57.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a geographical area or a collection\Nof streets and buildings,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:57.32,0:05:00.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I believe that a city \Nis the sum of the relationships
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.07,0:05:01.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of the people that live there,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:01.63,0:05:07.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I believe that if we can start to\Ndocument those relationships in a real way
Dialogue: 0,0:05:07.68,0:05:09.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,then maybe we have a real shot
Dialogue: 0,0:05:09.41,0:05:12.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at creating those kinds of cities\Nthat we'd like to have.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.09,0:05:13.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:13.44,0:05:15.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)