[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:07.68,0:00:11.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Can we feed the world?
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.20,0:00:16.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,MAKING THE FUTURE
Dialogue: 0,0:00:16.36,0:00:20.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indoor Farming
Dialogue: 0,0:00:21.35,0:00:22.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.44,0:00:26.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are quite \Nsome misconceptions about growing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:26.26,0:00:29.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and today I would like to help you to overcome
Dialogue: 0,0:00:29.40,0:00:33.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at least seven of these misconceptions.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.37,0:00:35.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So the first misconception is \Nthat we can keep feeding
Dialogue: 0,0:00:35.68,0:00:38.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the world's expanding population
Dialogue: 0,0:00:38.38,0:00:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,with the existing agricultural technology.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:43.22,0:00:46.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we have a closer look at the world,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:46.12,0:00:48.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we see that we are growing
Dialogue: 0,0:00:48.45,0:00:52.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from 7 billion to 9 billion, \Nand that we are moving
Dialogue: 0,0:00:52.22,0:00:55.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to live more and more in cities.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:55.04,0:00:58.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To produce enough food for all these people,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:58.80,0:01:03.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,water is the most important asset.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.86,0:01:06.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In future, water will be more important
Dialogue: 0,0:01:06.58,0:01:09.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,than fossil fuel or energy is today.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.61,0:01:12.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In order to produce enough food,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:12.20,0:01:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will create new land \Nfor growing food in sub‑optimal conditions.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:19.21,0:01:24.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In those conditions, plants are not very happy, \Nand they will become ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:24.01,0:01:26.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They will get pests and diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.04,0:01:31.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We will take more and more pesticides, \Nchemicals, to treat them.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.06,0:01:35.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Another thing: even if our trucks \Nwould run on water in future,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.97,0:01:41.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,35 % of the trucks on the road are busy transporting
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.00,0:01:45.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,food or food parts from A to B, \Nand probably, in the end, back to A.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:45.95,0:01:51.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we have to change the way \Nthat we feed the world today.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:51.81,0:01:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The second misconception: \Nwe must make plants adapt to nature.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:57.30,0:02:03.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is not true. In nature, \Nand even in the best Dutch greenhouses,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:03.51,0:02:07.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,plants only use 9 % of their potentiality.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:07.69,0:02:11.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In real nature, they maybe use 2 or 3 %.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:11.77,0:02:17.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So plants are so very smart \Nthat they are able to adapt any circumstances
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.05,0:02:20.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in order to survive. \NThey can do that with very little
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.50,0:02:25.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of their potentiality. But that opens \Na lot of possibilities for us.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.72,0:02:31.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we would know how to make plants \Nreally happy, they are able to bring
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.21,0:02:38.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,much more to us. We started back in 1989, \N23 years ago, studying plants
Dialogue: 0,0:02:38.16,0:02:43.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,as they grow in the fields, in greenhouses.\NWe have worked for almost
Dialogue: 0,0:02:43.54,0:02:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,10 years on producing mathematical models,\Nin order to understand them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:47.20,0:02:51.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The more we understood about plants, \Nthe more we started to see
Dialogue: 0,0:02:51.28,0:02:54.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that plants could do much better.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:54.26,0:02:59.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The third misconception is, \Nthis is paradise for plants.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:59.01,0:03:05.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not true ‑‑ this is paradise for us. \NIf plants were to choose,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:05.70,0:03:11.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they would say, "This is paradise." \NPlants don't like sunlight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:11.19,0:03:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They have used to live under the sunlight, \Nbut the only light
Dialogue: 0,0:03:14.57,0:03:20.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that they take up from the sunlight is red and blue, \Nand a little far red.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:20.60,0:03:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So this is what plant paradise really looks like. \NIt's a merger of plant
Dialogue: 0,0:03:26.45,0:03:33.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,physiological know‑how and high technology. \NWe give plants only red,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.40,0:03:39.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,blue and far red LED light, \Nand we combine that with very sophisticated
Dialogue: 0,0:03:39.10,0:03:47.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,climate control. By doing so, \Nwe are able to grow crops in this kind of buildings.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:47.88,0:03:50.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We call this a plant production unit. It's a multi‑layer
Dialogue: 0,0:03:50.69,0:03:53.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,production unit and we can make it multi‑layer,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.78,0:03:56.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because we don't want any sunlight.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:56.03,0:04:01.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In the unit itself, \Nthere is only this mixture of red and blue.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:01.62,0:04:04.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And in front of the unit where the people are working, \Nof course there is daylight,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:04.49,0:04:09.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or white light. Otherwise, you couldn't see\Nthe real colors of the crops.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:09.54,0:04:15.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we would have to produce\N200 grams of fresh vegetables
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.31,0:04:18.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and fruits for one person a day,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.13,0:04:21.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it only takes one square meter in this sort of building.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:21.16,0:04:27.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in order to feed 100,000 citizens, \Nit would only take a plant production unit
Dialogue: 0,0:04:27.95,0:04:34.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the size of 100 times 100 meters, in 10 layers.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:34.07,0:04:39.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if you take a closer look at the production unit,\Nthis way of producing
Dialogue: 0,0:04:39.61,0:04:43.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enables us to be totally secure and safe.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:43.31,0:04:46.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Without changing anything about the genetics,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.01,0:04:50.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but just by optimizing the environment \Nwhere plants are living,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.01,0:04:53.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we can make them more beautiful\Nand even more nutritious.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:53.30,0:04:58.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can secure a very great taste, \Nmuch better than we were used to.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:58.22,0:05:03.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We are able to improve the yields \Nby two, three times the best greenhouse.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:03.62,0:05:08.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And even 30-40 times compared to the open field. \NAnd very important,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:08.43,0:05:12.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we are able to save at least 90 % on the water use.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:12.82,0:05:18.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The big gift to us was that we never had \Nany pests or diseases.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:18.67,0:05:24.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it appears to be true that \Nwhen plants are very happy, they never get ill.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.84,0:05:28.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,They are not susceptible to pests and diseases,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:28.32,0:05:30.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so we don't use any pesticides.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.30,0:05:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That also solves the fourth misconception:
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.48,0:05:40.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Growing food is done horizontally and takes a lot of water and pesticides.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:40.13,0:05:44.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not true. We are able to grow any crop.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:44.70,0:05:50.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It doesn't matter if it's tomatoes, \Nlettuce, strawberries, cucumbers.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:50.60,0:05:54.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We can do anything ‑‑ even medicines ‑‑ \Nmedical herbs, for instance.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:54.99,0:05:58.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is how it looks like.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:58.48,0:06:00.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:00.76,0:06:03.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is, of course, the image.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.43,0:06:08.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is a plant production unit \Nthat we have built over two years ago.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:08.32,0:06:13.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And it's up and running now 24/7 \Nfor more than 100 weeks.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:13.70,0:06:18.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It works perfectly \Nand we are able to control these units long distance,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:18.14,0:06:23.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,by uploading growing recipes automatically.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:23.00,0:06:28.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Those growing recipes \Ntake care of every minute set point
Dialogue: 0,0:06:28.44,0:06:33.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to grow perfect lettuce, perfect tomatoes, \Nand even guaranteeing
Dialogue: 0,0:06:33.35,0:06:36.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the nitrate content of that lettuce is very low.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:36.49,0:06:40.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,As you see, they are really green \Nwhen they come out.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:47.78,0:06:53.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The fifth misconception is that food must grow \Nwhere nature is kind to it,
Dialogue: 0,0:06:53.00,0:06:57.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and then we transport it. \NThat's why we grow 10,000 hectares of tomatoes
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.86,0:07:02.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the south of Spain \Nand then we transport these tomatoes to Moscow,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:02.56,0:07:05.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,for instance. We have to harvest them five days prior
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.96,0:07:07.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to the consumption moment.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.53,0:07:10.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Otherwise, they wouldn't be able to be transported.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:10.40,0:07:13.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But that is very bad for taste and nutrition.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:13.12,0:07:17.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So we want to grow them just where we live, \Nwhere the consumers are.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.98,0:07:22.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to change foodmiles into foodsteps.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:22.16,0:07:26.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want to go back to the old concept \Nwhere we consume food
Dialogue: 0,0:07:26.45,0:07:29.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that is just harvested. That makes a lot of difference.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:29.84,0:07:34.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In this system, we are able \Nto harvest exactly at the right moment,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:34.70,0:07:38.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in the right quantity, meaning we have no waste.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:38.10,0:07:42.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And we can do this no matter what climate, \Nno matter what season,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.80,0:07:47.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,day or night and any place. We can do this in desert,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:47.93,0:07:52.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,at the polar circle or inside the city.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:52.24,0:07:57.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then there is a sixth misconception: \Nfood must be grown large scale.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:57.04,0:08:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not true either. \NWe could do it in the center of cities
Dialogue: 0,0:08:00.54,0:08:04.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or even at the fresh department of your supermarket.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.31,0:08:08.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or growing lettuce or herbs inside your restaurant.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:08.80,0:08:14.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or even smaller, you grow your own herbs \Nin your kitchen
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.60,0:08:18.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or you pick your tomatoes from your kitchen drawer.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:18.73,0:08:22.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then the last, and seventh, misconception.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.86,0:08:26.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It will take years before this is going to happen.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.94,0:08:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's not true. We are totally ready \Nto do this, actually, today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.84,0:08:36.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within the coming one, two years,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:36.03,0:08:38.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we will start rolling out this concept.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:38.70,0:08:43.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Especially in Asia, China, India, Africa, etcetera.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:43.50,0:08:48.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indoor farming is the next generation of growing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:48.42,0:08:50.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we are totally there to do it today.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.98,0:08:52.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you very much.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:52.70,0:08:55.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)