1
00:00:01,470 --> 00:00:03,544
願平安與各位同在！

2
00:00:03,544 --> 00:00:05,230
歡迎大家蒞臨多哈

3
00:00:05,230 --> 00:00:08,632
我宜家嘅工作係負責卡塔爾嘅食品安全

4
00:00:08,632 --> 00:00:10,683
但喺未來兩年

5
00:00:10,683 --> 00:00:13,099
我要幫手規劃一個大項目

6
00:00:13,099 --> 00:00:16,632
同埋喺之後嗰十年執行項目

7
00:00:16,632 --> 00:00:18,832
當然有好多同事兼埋一齊做啦

8
00:00:18,832 --> 00:00:23,699
但首先，我想同大家
分享一個我自己嘅故仔

9
00:00:23,699 --> 00:00:27,167
呢個故仔發生喺大家身處嘅呢個國家

10
00:00:27,167 --> 00:00:30,717
在座嘅大多數今日都應該食過三餐

11
00:00:30,717 --> 00:00:35,250
或者喺活動之後仲會食

12
00:00:35,250 --> 00:00:39,683
但係，二十世紀四十年代嘅
卡塔爾是乜嘢樣嘅呢？

13
00:00:40,813 --> 00:00:43,883
大概有 11,000 人口

14
00:00:43,883 --> 00:00:50,899
冇水、冇能源
冇石油、冇汽車…乜都冇

15
00:00:50,899 --> 00:00:52,294
喺度生活嘅大多數人

16
00:00:52,294 --> 00:00:55,676
一係喺海邊村莊打魚為生

17
00:00:55,676 --> 00:01:00,806
一係周圍遊牧揾水源

18
00:01:01,676 --> 00:01:04,118
宜家大家所見嘅迷人景緻喺當時仲未有

19
00:01:04,118 --> 00:01:09,266
多哈、迪拜、阿布扎比、科威特
或者利雅得以前都係好落後

20
00:01:09,966 --> 00:01:12,323
之所以落後唔係因為人哋發展唔到城市

21
00:01:12,323 --> 00:01:14,102
而係事關資源貧乏

22
00:01:14,102 --> 00:01:16,815
眾所週知，當時嘅人均壽命短

23
00:01:16,815 --> 00:01:18,717
大多數人嘅壽命都係得 50 歲

24
00:01:19,647 --> 00:01:22,836
隨著時間發展，石油時代蒞臨嘞

25
00:01:22,836 --> 00:01:26,013
1939 年，當時嘅人首次喺中東發現石油

26
00:01:26,013 --> 00:01:29,913
但遺憾嘅係，直到二戰之前

27
00:01:29,913 --> 00:01:32,983
石油仲未得到全面嘅商業開採

28
00:01:32,983 --> 00:01:35,117
咁，石油到底起到幾大作用？

29
00:01:35,117 --> 00:01:38,417
正如各位所見
佢改變咗呢個國家嘅面貌

30
00:01:38,417 --> 00:01:49,269
佢亦令喺沙漠揾水源同食物嘅
遊牧民族移居到城市

31
00:01:49,966 --> 00:01:51,990
大家可能會覺得奇︰

32
00:01:51,990 --> 00:01:55,699
我屋企人嘅口音不盡相同

33
00:01:55,699 --> 00:01:59,659
我嘅母親同我嘅父親嘅口音有好大分別

34
00:01:59,659 --> 00:02:04,383
那怕喺呢個人口 30 萬嘅國家

35
00:02:04,383 --> 00:02:07,917
就已經有五六種唔同口音

36
00:02:07,917 --> 00:02:11,733
有人會問點解？

37
00:02:11,733 --> 00:02:14,026
査實係事關我哋住得好零散

38
00:02:14,026 --> 00:02:15,668
畢竟資源唔集中

39
00:02:15,668 --> 00:02:18,668
我哋冇可能咁集中居住

40
00:02:18,668 --> 00:02:22,479
但當資源，即係石油，豐富嘅時候

41
00:02:22,479 --> 00:02:25,533
我哋就開始發展先進技術

42
00:02:25,533 --> 00:02:29,183
並因應發展所需，將人集中起嚟

43
00:02:29,183 --> 00:02:31,817
住喺唔同地方嘅人開始瞭解對方

44
00:02:31,817 --> 00:02:35,516
於是乎發現大家嘅口音好唔相同

45
00:02:35,516 --> 00:02:38,451
以上就係石油時代嘅情況

46
00:02:38,451 --> 00:02:40,566
宜家我哋嚟關注今日

47
00:02:40,566 --> 00:02:45,292
呢個就係今時今日嘅多哈

48
00:02:45,292 --> 00:02:46,683
今日嘅人口有幾多？

49
00:02:46,683 --> 00:02:48,933
經已係 170 萬人嘅大城市

50
00:02:49,463 --> 00:02:51,632
但發展所花嘅時間卻少過 60 年

51
00:02:52,462 --> 00:02:57,524
過去五年經濟平均增長 15%

52
00:02:57,534 --> 00:03:00,957
壽命預期提升至 78 歲

53
00:03:00,957 --> 00:03:05,176
人均用水量上到去 430 升

54
00:03:05,176 --> 00:03:08,583
人均用水量達到世界高水平

55
00:03:08,583 --> 00:03:11,230
由水資源極其匱乏

56
00:03:11,230 --> 00:03:16,234
到用水量達到世最高水平

57
00:03:16,234 --> 00:03:20,000
我唔知係咪因為過往啲人太缺水所致

58
00:03:20,000 --> 00:03:26,200
之不過呢個故仔最盞鬼係乜嘢呢？

59
00:03:26,200 --> 00:03:29,383
最盞鬼係過去五年係冇水嘅情況下

60
00:03:29,383 --> 00:03:35,983
我哋仍然能夠保持 15% 經濟增長

61
00:03:36,833 --> 00:03:38,853
呢個簡直係傳奇

62
00:03:38,853 --> 00:03:40,933
係從未喺歷史出現過嘅

63
00:03:40,933 --> 00:03:44,866
歷史上，冇水源嘅城市都會被廢棄

64
00:03:44,866 --> 00:03:47,382
但係喺多哈，啲人卻改寫歷史

65
00:03:47,382 --> 00:03:49,299
城市唔止係講緊興建咁簡單

66
00:03:49,299 --> 00:03:54,782
更加載住好多人嘅夢想
想成為科學家、醫生

67
00:03:54,782 --> 00:03:58,041
佢哋都想起靚嘅家園
請建築師設計屋企

68
00:03:58,041 --> 00:04:00,800
正因為人嘅堅定同努力

69
00:04:00,800 --> 00:04:03,800
令呢笪不毛之地變成宜居繁榮

70
00:04:03,800 --> 00:04:05,769
但一切都必須歸功於先進科技

71
00:04:05,769 --> 00:04:12,283
巴西嘅年降雨量有 1,782 毫米

72
00:04:12,283 --> 00:04:15,704
卡塔爾淨係得 74
但同巴西經濟發展率一樣

73
00:04:16,214 --> 00:04:20,410
咁點解我哋可以齋靠 74 毫米嘅
雨量成就今日呢？

74
00:04:20,416 --> 00:04:22,710
雖然我哋冇水資源

75
00:04:22,710 --> 00:04:28,799
但我哋有好龐大嘅海水淨化裝置

76
00:04:28,799 --> 00:04:32,967
呢個時候能源就係關鍵︰能源改變一切

77
00:04:32,967 --> 00:04:37,746
能源就係我哋從地底抽取同消耗嘅石油

78
00:04:37,746 --> 00:04:40,466
査實在大多數人嚟到多哈都係靠佢

79
00:04:40,466 --> 00:04:45,217
所以，石油就似係我哋嘅湖泊同河流

80
00:04:45,217 --> 00:04:50,558
事關有佢，大家先至有淡水可用

81
00:04:51,088 --> 00:04:57,184
講到呢度，海水淡化技術
係對呢個地方最大嘅恩物

82
00:04:57,584 --> 00:04:59,452
但呢個地方咁樣發展，有咩風險？

83
00:04:59,452 --> 00:05:01,002
你哋有冇擔心過？

84
00:05:01,002 --> 00:05:04,918
我想講嘅係，當我哋放眼全球

85
00:05:04,918 --> 00:05:07,509
你就會發現，擔心並非多餘

86
00:05:07,509 --> 00:05:10,428
人口不斷增長
對資源嘅需求亦都不斷增長

87
00:05:10,428 --> 00:05:13,657
幾個月前，全球人口總數
經已經超過 70 億

88
00:05:13,657 --> 00:05:16,759
隨之而嚟嘅就係對食物需求嘅增長

89
00:05:16,759 --> 00:05:19,967
據預測，到 2050 年
全球人口會突破 90 億

90
00:05:19,967 --> 00:05:23,063
對於一個缺乏水資源嘅國家嚟講

91
00:05:23,063 --> 00:05:26,474
必須要考慮未來人口增長帶嚟嘅負擔

92
00:05:26,474 --> 00:05:29,246
呢一事實甚至改變咗人嘅飲食方式

93
00:05:29,246 --> 00:05:33,062
隨著社會經濟水平提高

94
00:05:33,062 --> 00:05:35,335
人嘅飲食習慣亦都隨之改變

95
00:05:35,335 --> 00:05:36,925
例如會食更加多肉

96
00:05:38,055 --> 00:05:40,408
另一方面，因為氣候變化同其他原因

97
00:05:40,408 --> 00:05:43,106
農作物產量減少

98
00:05:43,106 --> 00:05:48,664
所以，人不得不面對危機會發生嘅事實

99
00:05:48,664 --> 00:05:52,469
呢個就係卡塔爾嘅現況

100
00:05:52,469 --> 00:05:55,439
我哋嘅淡水儲備只夠用到兩日

101
00:05:55,439 --> 00:05:58,023
我哋 90% 嘅食物都依賴進口

102
00:05:58,023 --> 00:06:01,423
我哋亦衹開發咗 1% 嘅國土

103
00:06:01,423 --> 00:06:04,112
我哋為數唔多嘅農民

104
00:06:04,112 --> 00:06:10,166
亦都因為市場開放政筞
同引進激烈競爭等原因

105
00:06:10,166 --> 00:06:12,955
而唔再從事農業生產

106
00:06:12,955 --> 00:06:16,206
所以話，危機的確存在

107
00:06:16,816 --> 00:06:23,389
呢啲危機直接影響著呢個國家嘅
可持續發展同延續性

108
00:06:23,389 --> 00:06:25,907
咁，有乜解決方案呢？

109
00:06:25,907 --> 00:06:28,089
有冇解決方案？

110
00:06:28,089 --> 00:06:30,073
答案係有嘅

111
00:06:30,073 --> 00:06:34,106
呢份投影片總結咗數千頁嘅
技術文件內容

112
00:06:34,106 --> 00:06:36,790
亦都係我哋過去兩年嘅工作成果

113
00:06:36,790 --> 00:06:38,222
我先講水資源

114
00:06:38,222 --> 00:06:41,991
之前我哋經已知道，我哋確實需要能源

115
00:06:41,991 --> 00:06:45,089
如果我哋需要能源，要係咩能源？

116
00:06:45,089 --> 00:06:47,388
不可再生資源？化石燃料？

117
00:06:47,388 --> 00:06:50,093
定係我哋可以用其他能源？

118
00:06:50,093 --> 00:06:53,122
假設我哋使用其他能源
係咪會有更多著數？

119
00:06:53,122 --> 00:06:55,776
我斷估大多數人都諗到太陽能

120
00:06:55,776 --> 00:06:59,226
冇錯，呢度全年晴天日數
高達 300 日，陽光充沛

121
00:06:59,226 --> 00:07:02,808
所以，我哋要利用太陽能製造水

122
00:07:02,808 --> 00:07:07,989
於是我哋興建 180 萬千瓦功率嘅
太陽能發電設施

123
00:07:07,989 --> 00:07:10,598
嚟製造 350 萬立方米嘅淡水

124
00:07:10,598 --> 00:07:12,622
350 萬一啲都唔細數

125
00:07:12,622 --> 00:07:14,890
呢啲淡水將會分配畀農民

126
00:07:14,890 --> 00:07:17,537
用嚟灌溉農作物

127
00:07:17,537 --> 00:07:21,257
進而為社會供應糧食

128
00:07:21,257 --> 00:07:27,134
但係，我哋唔單止要做到可持續

129
00:07:27,134 --> 00:07:29,789
我哋仲需要追求發展同進步

130
00:07:29,789 --> 00:07:36,567
包括系統可靠性、高等教育
研究開發、工業、科技

131
00:07:36,567 --> 00:07:39,829
令製造出嚟嘅科技可以
用於應用同市場裏面

132
00:07:39,829 --> 00:07:45,852
但係要將所有嘢到位
需要有法律、政策同規範

133
00:07:45,852 --> 00:07:48,085
冇咗法律、政策同規範
一切都衹係空談

134
00:07:48,085 --> 00:07:50,727
呢個亦正係我哋計劃之中嘅工作

135
00:07:50,727 --> 00:07:53,388
順利嘅話，成個規劃方案
將喺兩年內完成

136
00:07:53,388 --> 00:07:55,565
然之後實施方案

137
00:07:55,565 --> 00:08:01,835
我哋嘅目標係建成
一個千年難得一見嘅城市

138
00:08:01,835 --> 00:08:08,970
就好似伊斯坦堡、羅馬、倫敦
巴黎、大馬士革，以及開羅一樣

139
00:08:08,970 --> 00:08:11,345
我哋城市雖然淨係得 60 年歷史

140
00:08:11,345 --> 00:08:17,876
但我哋希朢佢能夠和平地永遠存在

141
00:08:17,876 --> 00:08:19,571
多謝

142
00:08:19,571 --> 00:08:23,650
（掌聲）