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1996-yilda 56 nafar ko'ngillilar 
Trayverikin nomli yangi og'riq

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qoldiruvchi vositani sinash uchun 
o'tkazilgan tadqiqotda qatnashdi.

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Ishtirokchilarning bir ko'rsatkich 
barmog'iga sinovdagi yangi og'riqni

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bosuvchi vosita surilgan, 
ikkinchisiga teginilmagan.

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Keyin ikkala barmoq ham 
og'riqli qisqichlar orasiga solingan.

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Ishtirokchilarning aytishicha, dori 
surilgan barmoq unchalik og'rimagan.

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Buning ajablanarli yeri yo'q,

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chunki Trayveriken aslida og'riq 
qoldiruvchi vosita bo'lmagan,

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u umuman og'riq qoldiruvchi xususiyatga 
ega bo'lmagan "sohta eliksir" edi.

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Talabalarni sohta dorining 
kuchiga ishonishga nima undadi?

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Javob esa platsebo effektida, yetarlicha

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izohlanmagan fenomen bo'lib,

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unda ta'sir ko'rsatishi kutilmagan 
va ko'pincha sohta dorilar, muolajalar

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va davolash usullari

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mo'jizaviy ravishda insonni 
oyoqqa turgizadi.

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Shifokorlar platsebo atamasini 
1700-yildan buyon, bemordagi simptomni

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yengilatishda sohta dorilarning qudratini 
anglaganlaridan beri ishlatib kelishmoqda.

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Zarur dorilar mavjud bo’lmaganda 
yoki kimdir xayolida o’zini

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nosog'lom his qilsa ulardan foydalanilgan.

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Platsebo so'zining ma’nosi lotincha 
“Iltimos, roziman” degan ma’noni anglatib,

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sarosimadagi bemorni tinchlantirishda 
ishlatilganiga ishora qilmoqda.

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Platsebolar ishonarli bo’lishi uchun
haqiqiy malhamga o'xshashi zarur edi,

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shu tariqa ular tabletka, ampula va

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hatto platsebo jarrohligi

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ko’rinishini olgan.

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Ko'p o'tmay shifokorlar odamni bu
tarzda ishontirishning boshqa bir

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istiqbolini angladi: tibbiy sinovlar.

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1950-yillarda tadqiqotchilar plasebolardan
yangi muolajalarini sinovdan o’tkazishda

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dasturilamal sifatida foydalanayotgan edi

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Misol uchun, yangi dorini baholashda

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sinovdagi bemorlarning yarmi haqiqiy 
dorini ichishi mumkin.

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Qolgan yarmi esa xuddi shu 
ko’rinishdagi platseboni ichadi.

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Tadqiqotchilar agar bemorlar haqiqiy yoki 
sohta narsa o’rtasidagi farqni bilishmasa,

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natijalarda tarafkashlik bo’lmaydi,

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deb ishonishardi.

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So’ng agar yangi dori platseboga nisbatan
sezilarli darajada foyda bersa,

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uning samarasi sinovdan o'tgan.

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Hozirda platsebodan bu yo'lda foydalanish
axloqiy masalalar bois odat tusida emas.

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Agar eskiroq versiyadagi dorini 
yangisiga yoki boshqa bir doriga

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solishtirish imkoni bo’lganda edi,

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bu insonga hech qanaqangi dori 
bermagan yaxshiroq,

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ayniqsa, ular jiddiy xastalikka 
chalingan bo’lsa.

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Bu holatlarda platsebolardan odatda 
yangi, eski va alternativ dorilarning

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xususiyatlarni aniqroq 
solishtirishda sinovning haqqoniyligini

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ta’minlash maqsadida foydalaniladi.

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Ammo platsebolar ham o’z ta’sir 
kuchini ko’rsatishini bilamiz.

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Platsebo effekti boriga shukur

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bemorlarning bari sohta dori ichgan yoki 
yolg'on jarrohlikni

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boshdan kechirgan bo'lishsa

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ham, ular yurak

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xastaliklari, astma va

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qattiq og’riq kabi bir qancha 
dardlardan forig’ bo’lishdi.

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Uning mexanizmini tushunishga 
hanuz urinmoqdamiz

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Platsebo effektiga shubha qiluvchilar
uning

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boshqa omillar bilan adashtirib 
yuborilishiga ishonishadi, misol uchun

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bemor shifokorga ahvoli o’nglanganini 
aytib ko’nglini ko’tarishga intilishi.

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Boshqa tomondan,

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tadqiqotchilarning fikricha, agar 
bemor sohta dori haqiqiyligiga

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ishonsa,uning tuzalib ketishga bo’lgan 
umidi kasallik alomatlarini yaxshilovchi

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fiziologik faktorlarga ta’sir ko’rsatadi.

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Platsebo effekti qon bosimi, yurak 
urish tezligini o'zgartirishga va og'riqni

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kamaytiruvchi

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kimyoviy moddalarni, masalan
endorfinlarni ishlab chiqarishi mumkin.

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Shuning uchun og’riq sinovi sinaluvchilari
platsebo foyda berganini ta'kidlagan edi.

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Platsebolar, hatto adrenalin kabi 
stress gormonlarini

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kamaytirishi

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bu esa kasallikning zararli 
ta'sirini zaiflashtirishi mumkin.

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Shunday ekan g’ayrioddiy platsebo 
effektiga tasannolar aytmaymizmi?

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Xulosa chiqarishga shoshilmang.

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Agar bemor uni sohta eliksir 
oyoqqa turg'azganiga

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ishonsa, u foyda berishi aniq bo’lgan 
dori va muolajani ortga surishi mumkin.

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Qolaversa, bu ijobiy ta'sirlar vaqt 
o'tishi bilan so'nishi mumkin

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va ko’pincha shunday bo’ladi.

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Platsebolar tibbiy natijalarga ham shubha

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uyg’otadi, bu olimlarni uning
bizga ko'rsatayotgan ta'sirini

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chuqurroq o’rganishga undaydi.

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Tana haqida biz bilgan barcha 
bilimlarga qaramasdan,

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platsebo effektiga o’xshash ayrim 
g’alati va ochilmagan

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sir-asrorlar hali hanuz barhayot.

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Xo’sh yana qanday ajoyibotlar 
egasi bo’lishimiz mumkin?

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Atrofimizdagi dunyoni o’rganishga 
sho’ng’ib,

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uning eng ajabtovur xilqatlaridan biri 
ko’z oldimizda ekanligini

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unutib qo’yish oson.