0:00:06.605,0:00:11.018
1996-yilda 56 nafar ko'ngillilar [br]Trayverikin nomli yangi og'riq

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qoldiruvchi vositani sinash uchun [br]o'tkazilgan tadqiqotda qatnashdi.

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Ishtirokchilarning bir ko'rsatkich [br]barmog'iga sinovdagi yangi og'riqni

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bosuvchi vosita surilgan, [br]ikkinchisiga teginilmagan.

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Keyin ikkala barmoq ham [br]og'riqli qisqichlar orasiga solingan.

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Ishtirokchilarning aytishicha, dori [br]surilgan barmoq unchalik og'rimagan.

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Buning ajablanarli yeri yo'q,

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chunki Trayveriken aslida og'riq [br]qoldiruvchi vosita bo'lmagan,

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u umuman og'riq qoldiruvchi xususiyatga [br]ega bo'lmagan "sohta eliksir" edi.

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Talabalarni sohta dorining [br]kuchiga ishonishga nima undadi?

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Javob esa platsebo effektida, yetarlicha

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izohlanmagan fenomen bo'lib,

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unda ta'sir ko'rsatishi kutilmagan [br]va ko'pincha sohta dorilar, muolajalar

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va davolash usullari

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mo'jizaviy ravishda insonni [br]oyoqqa turgizadi.

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Shifokorlar platsebo atamasini [br]1700-yildan buyon, bemordagi simptomni

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yengilatishda sohta dorilarning qudratini [br]anglaganlaridan beri ishlatib kelishmoqda.

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Zarur dorilar mavjud bo’lmaganda [br]yoki kimdir xayolida o’zini

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nosog'lom his qilsa ulardan foydalanilgan.

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Platsebo so'zining ma’nosi lotincha [br]“Iltimos, roziman” degan ma’noni anglatib,

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sarosimadagi bemorni tinchlantirishda [br]ishlatilganiga ishora qilmoqda.

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Platsebolar ishonarli bo’lishi uchun[br]haqiqiy malhamga o'xshashi zarur edi,

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shu tariqa ular tabletka, ampula va

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hatto platsebo jarrohligi

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ko’rinishini olgan.

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Ko'p o'tmay shifokorlar odamni bu[br]tarzda ishontirishning boshqa bir

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istiqbolini angladi: tibbiy sinovlar.

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1950-yillarda tadqiqotchilar plasebolardan[br]yangi muolajalarini sinovdan o’tkazishda

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dasturilamal sifatida foydalanayotgan edi

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Misol uchun, yangi dorini baholashda

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sinovdagi bemorlarning yarmi haqiqiy [br]dorini ichishi mumkin.

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Qolgan yarmi esa xuddi shu [br]ko’rinishdagi platseboni ichadi.

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Tadqiqotchilar agar bemorlar haqiqiy yoki [br]sohta narsa o’rtasidagi farqni bilishmasa,

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natijalarda tarafkashlik bo’lmaydi,

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deb ishonishardi.

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So’ng agar yangi dori platseboga nisbatan[br]sezilarli darajada foyda bersa,

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uning samarasi sinovdan o'tgan.

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Hozirda platsebodan bu yo'lda foydalanish[br]axloqiy masalalar bois odat tusida emas.

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Agar eskiroq versiyadagi dorini [br]yangisiga yoki boshqa bir doriga

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solishtirish imkoni bo’lganda edi,

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bu insonga hech qanaqangi dori [br]bermagan yaxshiroq,

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ayniqsa, ular jiddiy xastalikka [br]chalingan bo’lsa.

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Bu holatlarda platsebolardan odatda [br]yangi, eski va alternativ dorilarning

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xususiyatlarni aniqroq [br]solishtirishda sinovning haqqoniyligini

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ta’minlash maqsadida foydalaniladi.

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Ammo platsebolar ham o’z ta’sir [br]kuchini ko’rsatishini bilamiz.

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Platsebo effekti boriga shukur

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bemorlarning bari sohta dori ichgan yoki [br]yolg'on jarrohlikni

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boshdan kechirgan bo'lishsa

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ham, ular yurak

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xastaliklari, astma va

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qattiq og’riq kabi bir qancha [br]dardlardan forig’ bo’lishdi.

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Uning mexanizmini tushunishga [br]hanuz urinmoqdamiz

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Platsebo effektiga shubha qiluvchilar[br]uning

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boshqa omillar bilan adashtirib [br]yuborilishiga ishonishadi, misol uchun

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bemor shifokorga ahvoli o’nglanganini [br]aytib ko’nglini ko’tarishga intilishi.

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Boshqa tomondan,

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tadqiqotchilarning fikricha, agar [br]bemor sohta dori haqiqiyligiga

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ishonsa,uning tuzalib ketishga bo’lgan [br]umidi kasallik alomatlarini yaxshilovchi

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fiziologik faktorlarga ta’sir ko’rsatadi.

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Platsebo effekti qon bosimi, yurak [br]urish tezligini o'zgartirishga va og'riqni

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kamaytiruvchi

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kimyoviy moddalarni, masalan[br]endorfinlarni ishlab chiqarishi mumkin.

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Shuning uchun og’riq sinovi sinaluvchilari[br]platsebo foyda berganini ta'kidlagan edi.

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Platsebolar, hatto adrenalin kabi [br]stress gormonlarini

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kamaytirishi

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bu esa kasallikning zararli [br]ta'sirini zaiflashtirishi mumkin.

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Shunday ekan g’ayrioddiy platsebo [br]effektiga tasannolar aytmaymizmi?

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Xulosa chiqarishga shoshilmang.

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Agar bemor uni sohta eliksir [br]oyoqqa turg'azganiga

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ishonsa, u foyda berishi aniq bo’lgan [br]dori va muolajani ortga surishi mumkin.

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Qolaversa, bu ijobiy ta'sirlar vaqt [br]o'tishi bilan so'nishi mumkin

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va ko’pincha shunday bo’ladi.

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Platsebolar tibbiy natijalarga ham shubha

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uyg’otadi, bu olimlarni uning[br]bizga ko'rsatayotgan ta'sirini

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chuqurroq o’rganishga undaydi.

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Tana haqida biz bilgan barcha [br]bilimlarga qaramasdan,

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platsebo effektiga o’xshash ayrim [br]g’alati va ochilmagan

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sir-asrorlar hali hanuz barhayot.

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Xo’sh yana qanday ajoyibotlar [br]egasi bo’lishimiz mumkin?

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Atrofimizdagi dunyoni o’rganishga [br]sho’ng’ib,

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uning eng ajabtovur xilqatlaridan biri [br]ko’z oldimizda ekanligini

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unutib qo’yish oson.