WEBVTT

00:00:06.839 --> 00:00:08.320
只是停一停

00:00:08.320 --> 00:00:10.315
專注於你的呼吸

00:00:10.315 --> 00:00:12.140
慢慢吸氣

00:00:12.140 --> 00:00:13.756
慢慢呼氣

00:00:13.756 --> 00:00:15.274
慢慢吸氣

00:00:15.274 --> 00:00:16.625
呼氣

00:00:16.625 --> 00:00:19.944
我們每一個人重覆這相同的節奏

00:00:19.944 --> 00:00:21.574
想想你的脈搏

00:00:21.574 --> 00:00:25.474
這節拍嵌進我們骨子裡

00:00:25.474 --> 00:00:29.405
簡單來說，
我們是節奏和重覆的生物

00:00:29.405 --> 00:00:31.466
節奏和重覆對於我們的經驗非常重要

00:00:31.466 --> 00:00:33.231
節奏和重覆

00:00:33.231 --> 00:00:35.260
節奏和重覆

00:00:35.260 --> 00:00:36.449
繼續，又吸入

00:00:36.449 --> 00:00:38.736
繼續，又呼出

00:00:38.736 --> 00:00:41.409
我們每天享受著這些節奏

00:00:41.409 --> 00:00:42.696
歌曲的節奏

00:00:42.696 --> 00:00:44.148
鼓聲的節拍

00:00:44.148 --> 00:00:45.564
你的點點頭

00:00:45.564 --> 00:00:47.874
或是湯罐的重覆出現

00:00:47.874 --> 00:00:49.492
果園內的行列

00:00:49.492 --> 00:00:51.382
花瓣片片的美

00:00:51.382 --> 00:00:53.511
模式能帶來樂趣

00:00:53.511 --> 00:00:55.685
語言中，節奏和重覆

00:00:55.685 --> 00:00:59.406
經常用作詩的基本構成

00:00:59.406 --> 00:01:01.305
這是語言的節奏

00:01:01.305 --> 00:01:04.101
以音節和重音來創造

00:01:04.101 --> 00:01:09.806
例如「 So long as men can breathe 
or eyes can see. 」

00:01:09.806 --> 00:01:13.026
而這裡有不同語言層次的重覆：

00:01:13.026 --> 00:01:14.667
字母的重覆

00:01:14.667 --> 00:01:18.071
「 So long lives this
and this gives life to thee. 」

00:01:18.071 --> 00:01:19.291
語音的重覆

00:01:19.291 --> 00:01:21.874
「 breathe 」、「 see 」、「 thee 」

00:01:21.874 --> 00:01:23.477
還有字詞的重覆

00:01:23.477 --> 00:01:27.250
重覆的用途廣泛，是詩人最有彈性

00:01:27.250 --> 00:01:29.342
和最可靠的工具之一

00:01:29.342 --> 00:01:31.818
能使情感或揚或抑

00:01:31.818 --> 00:01:34.197
詩句或重或輕

00:01:34.197 --> 00:01:37.223
意念或統一或分眾

00:01:37.223 --> 00:01:39.318
事實上，即使節奏本身

00:01:39.318 --> 00:01:42.088
是重音節旳重覆模式

00:01:42.088 --> 00:01:44.500
是一種形式的重覆

00:01:44.500 --> 00:01:46.362
雖然它用途多樣

00:01:46.362 --> 00:01:48.942
但重覆太多則有反效果

00:01:48.942 --> 00:01:53.095
試想像在黑板寫出相同句子二十次

00:01:53.095 --> 00:01:55.739
重覆、重覆、重覆，又重覆

00:01:55.739 --> 00:01:59.695
或試想像幼童大吵大鬧
以獲得母親的注意

00:01:59.695 --> 00:02:03.241
「媽、媽、媽媽、媽、媽。」

00:02:03.241 --> 00:02:06.164
我們並不會真的稱這些為詩

00:02:06.164 --> 00:02:09.831
那甚麼是詩意的重覆，為何有效？

00:02:09.831 --> 00:02:12.249
可能我們最熟悉的是押韻

00:02:12.249 --> 00:02:15.343
字尾相似語音的重覆

00:02:15.343 --> 00:02:17.529
正如莎士比亞的例子

00:02:17.529 --> 00:02:20.547
我們經常在行末遇到押韻

00:02:20.547 --> 00:02:23.862
這樣的重覆帶來期望

00:02:23.862 --> 00:02:27.601
我們開始期待聽到這些相似語音的重覆

00:02:27.601 --> 00:02:31.250
當我們聽到押韻，
感受到的模式讓人愉快

00:02:31.250 --> 00:02:33.588
正如在視覺混亂中找到威利一樣

00:02:33.588 --> 00:02:36.815
正如在嘈雜環境中聽到回音一樣

00:02:36.815 --> 00:02:41.347
但押韻不限於行末

00:02:41.347 --> 00:02:43.374
注意重音「 i 」在

00:02:43.374 --> 00:02:47.631
「 So long lives this
and this gives life to thee.」

00:02:47.631 --> 00:02:50.757
母音的重覆稱為諧音

00:02:50.757 --> 00:02:53.771
亦可見於 Eminem 的 「 Lose Yourself 」

00:02:53.771 --> 00:02:59.136
注意「 e 」和「 o 」音如何在
每行中間和行末重覆：

00:02:59.136 --> 00:03:01.011
「 Oh, there goes gravity,

00:03:01.011 --> 00:03:03.046
Oh, there goes rabbit,
he choked,

00:03:03.046 --> 00:03:05.578
he so mad but he won't
give up that easy,

00:03:05.578 --> 00:03:06.750
no, he won't have it,

00:03:06.750 --> 00:03:09.903
he knows his whole back's 
to these ropes. 」

00:03:09.903 --> 00:03:12.441
母音交替押韻創造出節奏

00:03:12.441 --> 00:03:15.982
邀請我們嘗試用自己的聲音來模仿

00:03:15.982 --> 00:03:20.261
同樣地，子音韻是子音的重覆

00:03:20.261 --> 00:03:22.385
例如「 l 」和「 th 」在

00:03:22.385 --> 00:03:26.417
「 So long lives this
and this gives life to thee. 」

00:03:26.417 --> 00:03:31.201
事實上，這種發生在字首的子音韻

00:03:31.201 --> 00:03:33.207
或許你早已熟悉

00:03:33.207 --> 00:03:36.482
稱為頭韻

00:03:36.482 --> 00:03:38.639
例子包括繞口令

00:03:38.639 --> 00:03:41.187
「 Betty bought some butter
but the butter was bitter

00:03:41.187 --> 00:03:44.634
so Betty bought some better butter
to make the bitter butter better.」

00:03:44.634 --> 00:03:47.797
我們明顯會從此模式中感到樂趣

00:03:47.797 --> 00:03:52.547
因為字首或字中子音相同而繞口

00:03:52.547 --> 00:03:57.281
但繞口令同時反映
詩意重覆需要不同變化

00:03:57.281 --> 00:03:58.853
雖然繞口令不容易講

00:03:58.853 --> 00:04:03.310
它們被一些人視為
詩的低等模仿或噱頭

00:04:03.310 --> 00:04:06.784
因為它們如此著重於相同語音

00:04:06.784 --> 00:04:09.192
類近於黑板式的重覆

00:04:09.192 --> 00:04:12.538
說到底，這是詩人
平衡各種技巧的工夫

00:04:12.538 --> 00:04:13.858
學習何時重覆

00:04:13.858 --> 00:04:15.181
何時重覆小段

00:04:15.181 --> 00:04:17.009
何時滿足期望

00:04:17.009 --> 00:04:19.367
何時阻撓

00:04:19.367 --> 00:04:21.970
在這平衡中，或只需記得

00:04:21.970 --> 00:04:25.061
我們都活在多姿多彩的世界中

00:04:25.061 --> 00:04:27.751
各自帶著獨有的呼吸和心跳

00:04:27.751 --> 00:04:29.171
各自獨有的重覆

00:04:29.171 --> 00:04:30.981
無論我們走到何方