[Script Info]
Title: 
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
Dialogue: 0,0:00:00.58,0:00:02.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to be talking about designing humor,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:02.44,0:00:04.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which is sort of an interesting thing, but it goes
Dialogue: 0,0:00:04.42,0:00:08.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to some of the discussions about constraints,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:08.13,0:00:10.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how in certain contexts, humor is right,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:10.88,0:00:12.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in other contexts it's wrong.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:12.58,0:00:15.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, I'm from New York,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:15.35,0:00:18.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so it's 100 percent satisfaction here.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:18.94,0:00:22.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Actually, that's ridiculous, because when it comes to humor,
Dialogue: 0,0:00:22.14,0:00:25.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,75 percent is really absolutely the best you can hope for.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:25.43,0:00:30.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody is ever satisfied 100 percent with humor
Dialogue: 0,0:00:30.41,0:00:33.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except this woman.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:33.13,0:00:42.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Video) Woman: (Laughs)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:50.38,0:00:51.78,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Bob Mankoff: That's my first wife.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:51.78,0:00:54.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:00:54.05,0:00:56.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That part of the relationship went fine.
Dialogue: 0,0:00:56.54,0:01:00.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:00.11,0:01:03.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now let's look at this cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:03.63,0:01:05.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One of the things I'm pointing out is that
Dialogue: 0,0:01:05.21,0:01:07.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,cartoons appear within the context
Dialogue: 0,0:01:07.51,0:01:09.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,of The New Yorker magazine,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:09.22,0:01:11.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that lovely Caslon type, and it seems
Dialogue: 0,0:01:11.17,0:01:14.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,like a fairly benign cartoon within this context.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:14.64,0:01:16.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's making a little bit fun of getting older,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:16.71,0:01:18.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and, you know, people might like it.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:18.06,0:01:21.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But like I said, you cannot satisfy everyone.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:21.30,0:01:23.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You couldn't satisfy this guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:23.74,0:01:26.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Another joke on old white males. Ha ha. The wit.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:26.83,0:01:28.49,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's nice, I'm sure to be young and rude,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:28.49,0:01:31.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but some day you'll be old, unless you drop dead as I wish."
Dialogue: 0,0:01:31.96,0:01:35.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:01:35.18,0:01:38.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The New Yorker is rather a sensitive environment,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:38.69,0:01:41.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,very easy for people to get their nose out of joint.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:41.30,0:01:44.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And one of the things that you realize
Dialogue: 0,0:01:44.24,0:01:46.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is it's an unusual environment.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:46.70,0:01:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here I'm one person talking to you.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:48.84,0:01:52.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're all collective. You all hear each other laugh and know each other laugh.
Dialogue: 0,0:01:52.54,0:01:56.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In The New Yorker, it goes out to a wide audience,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:56.82,0:01:58.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you actually look at that,
Dialogue: 0,0:01:58.32,0:02:01.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and nobody knows what anybody else is laughing at,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:01.83,0:02:05.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and when you look at that the subjectivity involved in humor
Dialogue: 0,0:02:05.14,0:02:06.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is really interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:06.73,0:02:08.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's look at this cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:08.36,0:02:10.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Discouraging data on the antidepressant."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:10.70,0:02:12.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:12.72,0:02:15.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Indeed, it is discouraging.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:15.74,0:02:17.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, you would think, well, look,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:17.54,0:02:19.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,most of you laughed at that.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:19.21,0:02:20.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Right? You thought it was funny.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:20.63,0:02:22.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In general, that seems like a funny cartoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:02:22.31,0:02:25.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but let's look what online survey I did.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:25.69,0:02:27.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Generally, about 85 percent of the people liked it.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:27.81,0:02:31.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,A hundred and nine voted it a 10, the highest. Ten voted it one.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:31.17,0:02:33.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But look at the individual responses.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:33.48,0:02:35.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I like animals!!!!!" Look how much they like them.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:35.79,0:02:39.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:02:39.31,0:02:42.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I don't want to hurt them. That doesn't seem very funny to me."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:42.41,0:02:44.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This person rated it a two.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:44.30,0:02:48.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I don't like to see animals suffer -- even in cartoons."
Dialogue: 0,0:02:48.68,0:02:53.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,To people like this, I point out we use anesthetic ink.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:53.81,0:02:55.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Other people thought it was funny.
Dialogue: 0,0:02:55.57,0:02:58.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That actually is the true nature of the distribution of humor
Dialogue: 0,0:02:58.64,0:03:02.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when you don't have the contagion of humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:02.81,0:03:04.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Humor is a type of entertainment.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:04.53,0:03:08.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,All entertainment contains a little frisson of danger,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:08.34,0:03:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,something that might happen wrong,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:10.46,0:03:12.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and yet we like it when there's protection.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:12.93,0:03:15.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's what a zoo is. It's danger. The tiger is there.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:15.66,0:03:19.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The bars protect us. That's sort of fun, right?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:19.81,0:03:21.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a bad zoo.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:21.39,0:03:23.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:23.92,0:03:27.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a very politically correct zoo, but it's a bad zoo.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:27.94,0:03:30.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But this is a worse one.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:30.09,0:03:33.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:03:33.90,0:03:38.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So in dealing with humor in the context of The New Yorker,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:38.02,0:03:40.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,you have to see, where is that tiger going to be?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:40.87,0:03:42.23,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Where is the danger going to exist?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:42.23,0:03:44.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How are you going to manage it?
Dialogue: 0,0:03:44.45,0:03:48.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,My job is to look at 1,000 cartoons a week.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:48.84,0:03:53.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But The New Yorker only can take 16 or 17 cartoons,
Dialogue: 0,0:03:53.06,0:03:54.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and we have 1,000 cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:54.58,0:03:57.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Of course, many, many cartoons must be rejected.
Dialogue: 0,0:03:57.46,0:04:00.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, we could fit more cartoons in the magazine
Dialogue: 0,0:04:00.62,0:04:02.64,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,if we removed the articles.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:02.64,0:04:06.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:06.37,0:04:11.32,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But I feel that would be a huge loss,
Dialogue: 0,0:04:11.32,0:04:15.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,one I could live with, but still huge.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:15.10,0:04:18.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Cartoonists come in through the magazine every week.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:18.01,0:04:20.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The average cartoonist who stays with the magazine
Dialogue: 0,0:04:20.01,0:04:22.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,does 10 or 15 ideas every week.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:22.57,0:04:25.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But they mostly are going to be rejected.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:25.63,0:04:28.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's the nature of any creative activity.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:28.68,0:04:32.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Many of them fade away. Some of them stay.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:32.14,0:04:33.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Matt Diffee is one of them.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:33.56,0:04:35.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's one of his cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:04:35.58,0:04:41.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:04:41.15,0:04:44.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drew Dernavich. "Accounting night at the improv."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:44.05,0:04:46.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Now is the part of the show when we ask the audience
Dialogue: 0,0:04:46.15,0:04:50.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to shout out some random numbers."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:50.91,0:04:55.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Paul Noth. "He's all right. I just wish he were a little more pro-Israel."
Dialogue: 0,0:04:55.68,0:05:00.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:00.46,0:05:02.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I know all about rejection,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:02.34,0:05:06.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,because when I quit -- actually, I was booted out of -- psychology school
Dialogue: 0,0:05:06.59,0:05:10.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and decided to become a cartoonist, a natural segue,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:10.02,0:05:15.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,from 1974 to 1977 I submitted 2,000 cartoons to The New Yorker,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:15.09,0:05:19.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and got 2,000 cartoons rejected by The New Yorker.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:19.69,0:05:24.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,At a certain point, this rejection slip, in 1977 --
Dialogue: 0,0:05:24.04,0:05:25.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[We regret that we are unable to use the enclosed material. Thank you for giving us the opportunity to consider it.] —
Dialogue: 0,0:05:25.04,0:05:26.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,magically changed to this.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:26.61,0:05:30.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,[Hey! You sold one. No shit! You really sold a cartoon to the fucking New Yorker magazine.]
Dialogue: 0,0:05:30.05,0:05:32.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:05:32.86,0:05:35.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now of course that's not what happened,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:35.13,0:05:39.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but that's the emotional truth.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:39.74,0:05:42.17,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And of course, that is not New Yorker humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:42.17,0:05:43.96,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is New Yorker humor?
Dialogue: 0,0:05:43.96,0:05:48.63,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, after 1977, I broke into The New Yorker and started selling cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:48.65,0:05:51.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Finally, in 1980, I received the revered
Dialogue: 0,0:05:51.53,0:05:53.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,New Yorker contract,
Dialogue: 0,0:05:53.72,0:05:57.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which I blurred out parts because it's none of your business.
Dialogue: 0,0:05:57.76,0:06:01.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,From 1980. "Dear Mr. Mankoff, confirming the agreement
Dialogue: 0,0:06:01.27,0:06:03.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,there of -- " blah blah blah blah -- blur --
Dialogue: 0,0:06:03.72,0:06:07.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"for any idea drawings."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:07.15,0:06:10.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,With respect to idea drawings, nowhere in the contract
Dialogue: 0,0:06:10.18,0:06:12.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is the word "cartoon" mentioned.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:12.26,0:06:17.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The word "idea drawings," and that's the sine qua non of New Yorker cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:17.70,0:06:21.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So what is an idea drawing? An idea drawing is something
Dialogue: 0,0:06:21.13,0:06:24.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that requires you to think.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:24.41,0:06:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that's not a cartoon. It requires thinking
Dialogue: 0,0:06:27.20,0:06:30.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,on the part of the cartoonist and thinking on your part
Dialogue: 0,0:06:30.20,0:06:32.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,to make it into a cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:32.31,0:06:38.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:38.07,0:06:43.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here are some, generally you get my cast of cartoon mind.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:43.21,0:06:49.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"There is no justice in the world. There is some justice in the world. The world is just."
Dialogue: 0,0:06:49.36,0:06:51.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is What Lemmings Believe.
Dialogue: 0,0:06:51.33,0:06:57.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:06:57.62,0:07:00.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The New Yorker and I, when we made comments,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:00.54,0:07:05.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the cartoon carries a certain ambiguity about what it actually is.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:05.05,0:07:07.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,What is it, the cartoon? Is it really about lemmings?
Dialogue: 0,0:07:07.34,0:07:09.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. It's about us.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:09.69,0:07:12.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You know, it's my view basically about religion,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:12.57,0:07:17.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that the real conflict and all the fights between religion
Dialogue: 0,0:07:17.26,0:07:20.14,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is who has the best imaginary friend.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:20.14,0:07:25.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:07:25.27,0:07:27.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is my most well-known cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:27.26,0:07:31.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"No, Thursday's out. How about never — is never good for you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:31.02,0:07:33.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's been reprinted thousands of times, totally ripped off.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:33.58,0:07:36.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's even on thongs,
Dialogue: 0,0:07:36.34,0:07:42.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but compressed to "How about never — is never good for you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:07:42.97,0:07:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now these look like very different forms of humor
Dialogue: 0,0:07:46.37,0:07:48.76,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but actually they bear a great similarity.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:48.76,0:07:53.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In each instance, our expectations are defied.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:53.19,0:07:56.90,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In each instance, the narrative gets switched.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:56.90,0:07:59.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's an incongruity and a contrast.
Dialogue: 0,0:07:59.16,0:08:02.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In "No, Thursday's out. How about never — is never good for you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:08:02.41,0:08:04.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,what you have is the syntax of politeness
Dialogue: 0,0:08:04.89,0:08:07.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the message of being rude.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:07.15,0:08:10.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That really is how humor works. It's a cognitive synergy
Dialogue: 0,0:08:10.42,0:08:14.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,where we mash up these two things which don't go together
Dialogue: 0,0:08:14.20,0:08:16.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and temporarily in our minds exist.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:16.98,0:08:19.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He is both being polite and rude.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:19.50,0:08:22.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In here, you have the propriety of The New Yorker
Dialogue: 0,0:08:22.77,0:08:24.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and the vulgarity of the language.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:24.75,0:08:26.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Basically, that's the way humor works.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:26.77,0:08:29.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'm a humor analyst, you would say.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:29.30,0:08:32.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now E.B. White said, analyzing humor is like dissecting a frog.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:32.84,0:08:35.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Nobody is much interested, and the frog dies.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:35.48,0:08:40.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Well, I'm going to kill a few, but there won't be any genocide.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:40.21,0:08:42.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But really, it makes me —
Dialogue: 0,0:08:42.01,0:08:44.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Let's look at this picture. This is an interesting picture,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:44.08,0:08:46.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The Laughing Audience.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:46.02,0:08:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There are the people, fops up there,
Dialogue: 0,0:08:47.80,0:08:50.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but everybody is laughing, everybody is laughing
Dialogue: 0,0:08:50.92,0:08:53.41,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,except one guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:53.41,0:08:57.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This guy. Who is he? He's the critic.
Dialogue: 0,0:08:57.95,0:09:00.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He's the critic of humor,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:00.40,0:09:03.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and really I'm forced to be in that position,
Dialogue: 0,0:09:03.56,0:09:06.86,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,when I'm at The New Yorker, and that's the danger
Dialogue: 0,0:09:06.86,0:09:11.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,that I will become this guy.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:11.98,0:09:14.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now here's a little video made by Matt Diffee, sort of
Dialogue: 0,0:09:14.87,0:09:18.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,how they imagine if we really exaggerated that.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:18.59,0:09:21.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Video) Bob Mankoff: "Oooh, no.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:21.62,0:09:24.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Ehhh.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:24.15,0:09:33.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Oooh. Hmm. Too funny.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:33.42,0:09:37.36,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Normally I would but I'm in a pissy mood.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:37.36,0:09:40.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'll enjoy it on my own. Perhaps.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:40.06,0:09:43.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. Nah. No.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:43.72,0:09:46.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Overdrawn. Underdrawn.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:46.72,0:09:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Drawn just right, still not funny enough.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:49.39,0:09:52.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. No.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:52.65,0:09:56.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,For God's sake no, a thousand times no.
Dialogue: 0,0:09:56.02,0:09:59.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:09:59.29,0:10:05.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. No. No. No. No. [Four hours later]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:05.28,0:10:09.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Hey, that's good, yeah, whatcha got there?
Dialogue: 0,0:10:09.04,0:10:11.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Got a ham and swiss on rye?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:11.19,0:10:14.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Okay. Pastrami on sourdough?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:14.11,0:10:16.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Smoked turkey with bacon?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:16.05,0:10:18.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Falafel?BM: Let me look at it.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:18.26,0:10:19.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Eh, no.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:19.70,0:10:21.11,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Grilled cheese?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:21.11,0:10:22.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: BLT?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:22.05,0:10:24.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Black forest ham and mozzarella with apple mustard?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:24.67,0:10:27.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Office worker: Green bean salad?BM: No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:27.19,0:10:29.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Music)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:29.77,0:10:31.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. No.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:31.71,0:10:34.94,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Definitely no. [Several hours after lunch]
Dialogue: 0,0:10:34.94,0:10:43.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Siren)
Dialogue: 0,0:10:56.70,0:10:59.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,No. Get out of here.
Dialogue: 0,0:10:59.19,0:11:00.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:00.61,0:11:04.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's sort of an exaggeration of what I do.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:04.09,0:11:07.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, we do reject, many, many, many cartoons,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:07.35,0:11:10.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,so many that there are many books called "The Rejection Collection."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:10.46,0:11:14.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The Rejection Collection" is not quite New Yorker kind of humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:14.83,0:11:17.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And you might notice the bum on the sidewalk here
Dialogue: 0,0:11:17.30,0:11:21.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who is boozing and his ventriloquist dummy is puking.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:21.12,0:11:23.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,See, that's probably not going to be New Yorker humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:23.61,0:11:26.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's actually put together by Matt Diffee, one of our cartoonists.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:26.89,0:11:31.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I'll give you some examples of rejection collection humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:31.31,0:11:34.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I'm thinking about having a child."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:34.02,0:11:39.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:39.31,0:11:43.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There you have an interesting -- the guilty laugh,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:43.08,0:11:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the laugh against your better judgment.
Dialogue: 0,0:11:46.34,0:11:49.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:49.39,0:11:52.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Ass-head. Please help."
Dialogue: 0,0:11:52.56,0:11:54.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:11:54.84,0:11:58.50,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now, in fact, within a context of this book,
Dialogue: 0,0:11:58.50,0:12:01.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,which says, "Cartoons you never saw and never will see
Dialogue: 0,0:12:01.54,0:12:04.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in The New Yorker," this humor is perfect.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:04.27,0:12:05.87,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'm going to explain why.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:05.87,0:12:07.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There's a concept about humor about it being
Dialogue: 0,0:12:07.58,0:12:09.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a benign violation.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:09.92,0:12:11.89,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In other words, for something to be funny, we've got to think
Dialogue: 0,0:12:11.89,0:12:15.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it's both wrong and also okay at the same time.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:15.44,0:12:18.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we think it's completely wrong, we say, "That's not funny."
Dialogue: 0,0:12:18.37,0:12:22.04,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And if it's completely okay, what's the joke? Okay?
Dialogue: 0,0:12:22.04,0:12:27.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so, this benign, that's true of "No, Thursday's out. How about never — is never good for you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:27.42,0:12:29.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's rude. The world really shouldn't be that way.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:29.57,0:12:32.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within that context, we feel it's okay.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:32.48,0:12:35.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So within this context, "Asshead. Please help"
Dialogue: 0,0:12:35.69,0:12:37.73,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a benign violation.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:37.73,0:12:42.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Within the context of The New Yorker magazine ...
Dialogue: 0,0:12:42.06,0:12:45.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"T-Cell Army: Can the body's immune response
Dialogue: 0,0:12:45.61,0:12:49.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,help treat cancer?" Oh, goodness.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:49.52,0:12:53.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You're reading about this smart stuff,
Dialogue: 0,0:12:53.28,0:12:57.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,this intelligent dissection of the immune system.
Dialogue: 0,0:12:57.30,0:13:01.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You glance over at this, and it says,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:01.03,0:13:06.19,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Asshead. Please help"? God.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:06.19,0:13:10.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So there the violation is malign. It doesn't work.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:10.79,0:13:13.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,There is no such thing as funny in and of itself.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:13.92,0:13:17.77,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Everything will be within the context and our expectations.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:17.77,0:13:21.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,One way to look at it is this.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:21.21,0:13:25.35,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's sort of called a meta-motivational theory about how we look,
Dialogue: 0,0:13:25.35,0:13:27.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,a theory about motivation and the mood we're in
Dialogue: 0,0:13:27.20,0:13:30.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and how the mood we're in determines the things we like
Dialogue: 0,0:13:30.31,0:13:32.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,or dislike.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:32.01,0:13:36.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,When we're in a playful mood, we want excitement.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:36.31,0:13:39.62,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We want high arousal. We feel excited then.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:39.62,0:13:42.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If we're in a purposeful mood, that makes us anxious.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:42.22,0:13:47.80,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"The Rejection Collection" is absolutely in this field.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:47.80,0:13:50.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You want to be stimulated. You want to be aroused.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:50.16,0:13:54.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You want to be transgressed.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:54.65,0:13:59.02,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's like this, like an amusement park.
Dialogue: 0,0:13:59.02,0:14:08.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Voice: Here we go. (Screams)
Dialogue: 0,0:14:08.18,0:14:12.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,He laughs. He is both in danger and safe,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:12.15,0:14:15.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,incredibly aroused. There's no joke. No joke needed.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:15.30,0:14:18.52,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If you arouse people enough and get them stimulated enough,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:18.52,0:14:20.79,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they will laugh at very, very little.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:20.79,0:14:23.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is another cartoon from "The Rejection Collection."
Dialogue: 0,0:14:23.07,0:14:27.53,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Too snug?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:27.53,0:14:29.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's a cartoon about terrorism.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:29.74,0:14:33.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The New Yorker occupies a very different space.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:33.09,0:14:36.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's a space that is playful in its own way, and also purposeful,
Dialogue: 0,0:14:36.82,0:14:40.31,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and in that space, the cartoons are different.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:40.31,0:14:42.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now I'm going to show you cartoons The New Yorker did
Dialogue: 0,0:14:42.68,0:14:47.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,right after 9/11, a very, very sensitive area when humor could be used.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:47.28,0:14:48.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How would The New Yorker attack it?
Dialogue: 0,0:14:48.70,0:14:53.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It would not be with a guy with a bomb saying, "Too snug?"
Dialogue: 0,0:14:53.26,0:14:55.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Or there was another cartoon I didn't show because
Dialogue: 0,0:14:55.48,0:14:59.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,actually I thought maybe people would be offended.
Dialogue: 0,0:14:59.44,0:15:03.09,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The great Sam Gross cartoon, this happened
Dialogue: 0,0:15:03.09,0:15:07.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,after the Muhammad controversy where it's Muhammad in heaven,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:07.12,0:15:09.91,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,the suicide bomber is all in little pieces,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:09.91,0:15:12.01,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and he's saying to the suicide bomber,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:12.01,0:15:15.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You'll get the virgins when we find your penis."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:15.28,0:15:19.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:15:19.38,0:15:22.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Better left undrawn.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:22.81,0:15:25.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The first week we did no cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:25.45,0:15:28.43,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That was a black hole for humor, and correctly so.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:28.43,0:15:31.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's not always appropriate every time.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:31.03,0:15:34.68,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the next week, this was the first cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:34.68,0:15:39.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I thought I'd never laugh again. Then I saw your jacket."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:39.29,0:15:42.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It basically was about, if we were alive,
Dialogue: 0,0:15:42.30,0:15:44.10,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,we were going to laugh. We were going to breathe.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:44.10,0:15:46.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We were going to exist. Here's another one.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:46.37,0:15:51.71,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I figure if I don't have that third martini, then the terrorists win."
Dialogue: 0,0:15:51.71,0:15:55.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,These cartoons are not about them. They're about us.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:55.27,0:15:57.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The humor reflects back on us.
Dialogue: 0,0:15:57.59,0:16:01.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The easiest thing to do with humor, and it's perfectly legitimate,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:01.42,0:16:05.05,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is a friend makes fun of an enemy.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:05.05,0:16:07.18,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called dispositional humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:07.18,0:16:10.65,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's 95 percent of the humor. It's not our humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:10.65,0:16:13.06,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here's another cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:13.06,0:16:16.69,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I wouldn't mind living in a fundamentalist Islamic state."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:16.69,0:16:21.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:16:25.85,0:16:30.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Humor does need a target.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:30.22,0:16:34.39,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But interestingly, in The New Yorker, the target is us.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:34.39,0:16:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The target is the readership and the people who do it.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:36.95,0:16:39.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The humor is self-reflective
Dialogue: 0,0:16:39.12,0:16:41.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and makes us think about our assumptions.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:41.97,0:16:45.51,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Look at this cartoon by Roz Chast, the guy reading the obituary.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:45.51,0:16:48.16,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Two years younger than you, 12 years older than you,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:48.16,0:16:51.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,three years your junior, your age on the dot,
Dialogue: 0,0:16:51.13,0:16:53.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,exactly your age."
Dialogue: 0,0:16:53.70,0:16:57.12,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That is a deeply profound cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:16:57.12,0:17:01.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And so The New Yorker is also trying to, in some way,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:01.59,0:17:05.30,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,make cartoons say something besides funny
Dialogue: 0,0:17:05.30,0:17:07.54,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and something about us. Here's another one.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:07.54,0:17:09.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"I started my vegetarianism for health reasons,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:09.75,0:17:13.08,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Then it became a moral choice, and now it's just to annoy people."
Dialogue: 0,0:17:13.08,0:17:18.72,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:17:18.72,0:17:21.75,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Excuse me — I think there's something wrong with this
Dialogue: 0,0:17:21.76,0:17:27.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in a tiny way that no one other than me would ever be able to pinpoint."
Dialogue: 0,0:17:27.59,0:17:31.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So it focuses on our obsessions, our narcissism,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:31.56,0:17:35.83,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,our foils and our foibles, really not someone else's.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:35.83,0:17:38.33,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The New Yorker demands
Dialogue: 0,0:17:38.35,0:17:41.07,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,some cognitive work on your part,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:41.07,0:17:43.42,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and what it demands is what Arthur Koestler,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:43.42,0:17:46.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,who wrote "The Act of Creation" about the relationship
Dialogue: 0,0:17:46.34,0:17:49.13,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,between humor, art and science,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:49.13,0:17:51.21,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is what's called bisociation.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:51.21,0:17:54.81,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,You have to bring together ideas from different frames of reference,
Dialogue: 0,0:17:54.81,0:17:57.98,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and you have to do it quickly to understand the cartoon.
Dialogue: 0,0:17:57.98,0:18:00.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,If the different frames of reference don't come together
Dialogue: 0,0:18:00.46,0:18:02.45,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,in about .5 seconds, it's not funny,
Dialogue: 0,0:18:02.45,0:18:04.38,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,but I think they will for you here.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:04.38,0:18:06.46,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Different frames of reference.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:06.46,0:18:09.29,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"You slept with her, didn't you?"
Dialogue: 0,0:18:09.29,0:18:14.57,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:14.57,0:18:16.92,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Lassie! Get help!!"
Dialogue: 0,0:18:16.92,0:18:20.88,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:20.88,0:18:23.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's called French Army Knife.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:23.58,0:18:30.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:30.03,0:18:32.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And this is Einstein in bed. "To you it was fast."
Dialogue: 0,0:18:32.70,0:18:39.93,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:18:39.93,0:18:43.15,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now there are some cartoons that are puzzling.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:43.15,0:18:47.22,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Like, this cartoon would puzzle many people.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:47.22,0:18:51.44,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,How many people know what this cartoon means?
Dialogue: 0,0:18:51.44,0:18:55.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The dog is signaling he wants to go for a walk.
Dialogue: 0,0:18:55.95,0:19:01.66,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,This is the signal for a catcher to walk the dog.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:01.66,0:19:04.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That's why we run a feature in the cartoon issue every year
Dialogue: 0,0:19:04.20,0:19:07.27,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,called "I Don't Get It: The New Yorker Cartoon I.Q. Test."
Dialogue: 0,0:19:07.27,0:19:09.34,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:19:09.34,0:19:11.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,The other thing The New Yorker plays around with
Dialogue: 0,0:19:11.28,0:19:13.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is incongruity, and incongruity, I've shown you,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:13.99,0:19:15.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is sort of the basis of humor.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:15.58,0:19:18.99,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Something that's completely normal or logical isn't going to be funny.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:18.99,0:19:22.58,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But the way incongruity works is, observational humor
Dialogue: 0,0:19:22.58,0:19:25.00,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,is humor within the realm of reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:25.00,0:19:30.48,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"My boss is always telling me what to do." Okay?
Dialogue: 0,0:19:30.48,0:19:33.47,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,That could happen. It's humor within the realm of reality.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:33.47,0:19:35.67,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, cowboy to a cow:
Dialogue: 0,0:19:35.67,0:19:40.03,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Very impressive. I'd like to find 5,000 more like you."
Dialogue: 0,0:19:40.03,0:19:43.70,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,We understand that. It's absurd. But we're putting the two together.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:43.70,0:19:47.20,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Here, in the nonsense range:
Dialogue: 0,0:19:47.20,0:19:52.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"Damn it, Hopkins, didn't you get yesterday's memo?"
Dialogue: 0,0:19:52.26,0:19:56.60,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Now that's a little puzzling, right? It doesn't quite come together.
Dialogue: 0,0:19:56.60,0:19:59.40,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,In general, people who enjoy more nonsense,
Dialogue: 0,0:19:59.40,0:20:01.37,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,enjoy more abstract art,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:01.37,0:20:04.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,they tend to be liberal, less conservative, that type of stuff.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:04.59,0:20:08.26,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,But for us, and for me, helping design the humor,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:08.26,0:20:10.82,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,it doesn't make any sense to compare one to the other.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:10.82,0:20:15.24,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,It's sort of a smorgasbord that's made all interesting.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:15.24,0:20:19.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,So I want to sum all this up with a caption to a cartoon,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:19.85,0:20:22.61,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,and I think this sums up the whole thing, really,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:22.61,0:20:24.97,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,about The New Yorker cartoons.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:24.97,0:20:27.84,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,"It sort of makes you stop and think, doesn't it."
Dialogue: 0,0:20:27.84,0:20:31.28,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Laughter)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:31.28,0:20:33.56,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,And now, when you look at New Yorker cartoons,
Dialogue: 0,0:20:33.56,0:20:35.74,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,I'd like you to stop and think a little bit more about them.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:35.74,0:20:36.95,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you.
Dialogue: 0,0:20:36.95,0:20:40.59,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,(Applause)
Dialogue: 0,0:20:40.59,0:20:42.85,Default,,0000,0000,0000,,Thank you. (Applause)