Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa
-
0:00 - 0:04Living in Africa is to be on the edge,
-
0:04 - 0:06metaphorically, and quite literally
-
0:06 - 0:10when you think about connectivity before 2008.
-
0:10 - 0:14Though many human intellectual and technological leaps
-
0:14 - 0:17had happened in Europe and the rest of the world,
-
0:17 - 0:19but Africa was sort of cut off.
-
0:19 - 0:22And that changed, first with ships
-
0:22 - 0:25when we had the Renaissance, the Scientific Revolution
-
0:25 - 0:27and also the Industrial Revolution.
-
0:27 - 0:30And now we've got the digital revolution.
-
0:30 - 0:33These revolutions have not been evenly distributed
-
0:33 - 0:36across continents and nations.
-
0:36 - 0:38Never have been.
-
0:38 - 0:42Now, this is a map of the undersea fiber optic cables
-
0:42 - 0:45that connect Africa to the rest of the world.
-
0:45 - 0:47What I find amazing is that Africa
-
0:47 - 0:50is transcending its geography problem.
-
0:50 - 0:52Africa is connecting to the rest of the world
-
0:52 - 0:54and within itself.
-
0:54 - 0:57The connectivity situation has improved greatly,
-
0:57 - 0:59but some barriers remain.
-
0:59 - 1:03It is with this context that Ushahidi came to be.
-
1:03 - 1:07In 2008, one of the problems that we faced
-
1:07 - 1:10was lack of information flow.
-
1:10 - 1:12There was a media blackout in 2008,
-
1:12 - 1:14when there was post-election violence in Kenya.
-
1:14 - 1:17It was a very tragic time. It was a very difficult time.
-
1:17 - 1:20So we came together and we created software
-
1:20 - 1:22called Ushahidi.
-
1:22 - 1:25And Ushahidi means "testimony" or "witness" in Swahili.
-
1:25 - 1:28I'm very lucky to work with two amazing collaborators.
-
1:28 - 1:30This is David and Erik.
-
1:30 - 1:33I call them brothers from another mother.
-
1:33 - 1:36Clearly I have a German mother somewhere.
-
1:36 - 1:38And we worked together first with building
-
1:38 - 1:40and growing Ushahidi.
-
1:40 - 1:43And the idea of the software was to gather information
-
1:43 - 1:45from SMS, email and web, and put a map
-
1:45 - 1:48so that you could see what was happening where,
-
1:48 - 1:50and you could visualize that data.
-
1:50 - 1:53And after that initial prototype,
-
1:53 - 1:55we set out to make free and open-source software
-
1:55 - 2:00so that others do not have to start from scratch like we did.
-
2:00 - 2:02All the while, we also wanted to give back
-
2:02 - 2:04to the local tech community that helped us
-
2:04 - 2:08grow Ushahidi and supported us in those early days.
-
2:08 - 2:10And that's why we set up the iHub in Nairobi,
-
2:10 - 2:12an actual physical space
-
2:12 - 2:15where we could collaborate,
-
2:15 - 2:19and it is now part of an integral tech ecosystem in Kenya.
-
2:19 - 2:22We did that with the support of different organizations
-
2:22 - 2:25like the MacArthur Foundation and Omidyar Network.
-
2:25 - 2:28And we were able to grow this software footprint,
-
2:28 - 2:31and a few years later it became
-
2:31 - 2:34very useful software,
-
2:34 - 2:37and we were quite humbled when it was used in Haiti
-
2:37 - 2:40where citizens could indicate where they are
-
2:40 - 2:41and what their needs were,
-
2:41 - 2:45and also to deal with the fallout from the nuclear crisis
-
2:45 - 2:47and the tsunami in Japan.
-
2:47 - 2:50Now, this year the Internet turns 20,
-
2:50 - 2:52and Ushahidi turned five.
-
2:52 - 2:55Ushahidi is not only the software that we made.
-
2:55 - 2:58It is the team, and it's also the community
-
2:58 - 3:03that uses this technology in ways that we could not foresee.
-
3:03 - 3:06We did not imagine that there would be this many maps
-
3:06 - 3:07around the world.
-
3:07 - 3:11There are crisis maps, election maps, corruption maps,
-
3:11 - 3:14and even environmental monitoring crowd maps.
-
3:14 - 3:18We are humbled that this has roots in Kenya
-
3:18 - 3:21and that it has some use to people around the world
-
3:21 - 3:24trying to figure out the different issues that they're dealing with.
-
3:24 - 3:27There is more that we're doing to explore this idea
-
3:27 - 3:29of collective intelligence, that I, as a citizen,
-
3:29 - 3:32if I share the information with whatever device that I have,
-
3:32 - 3:35could inform you about what is going on,
-
3:35 - 3:38and that if you do the same, we can have a bigger picture
-
3:38 - 3:40of what's going on.
-
3:40 - 3:42I moved back to Kenya in 2011.
-
3:42 - 3:44Erik moved in 2010.
-
3:44 - 3:46Very different reality. I used to live in Chicago
-
3:46 - 3:48where there was abundant Internet access.
-
3:48 - 3:51I had never had to deal with a blackout.
-
3:51 - 3:54And in Kenya, it's a very different reality,
-
3:54 - 3:57and one thing that remains despite the leaps in progress
-
3:57 - 4:01and the digital revolution is the electricity problem.
-
4:01 - 4:04The day-to-day frustrations of dealing with this
-
4:04 - 4:07can be, let's just say very annoying.
-
4:07 - 4:09Blackouts are not fun.
-
4:09 - 4:12Imagine sitting down to start working, and all of a sudden
-
4:12 - 4:13the power goes out,
-
4:13 - 4:16your Internet connection goes down with it,
-
4:16 - 4:20so you have to figure out, okay, now, where's the modem,
-
4:20 - 4:22how do I switch back?
-
4:22 - 4:24And then, guess what? You have to deal with it again.
-
4:24 - 4:28Now, this is the reality of Kenya, where we live now,
-
4:28 - 4:30and other parts of Africa.
-
4:30 - 4:32The other problem that we're facing
-
4:32 - 4:36is that communication costs are also still a challenge.
-
4:36 - 4:38It costs me five Kenyan shillings,
-
4:38 - 4:44or .06 USD to call the U.S., Canada or China.
-
4:44 - 4:49Guess how much it costs to call Rwanda, Ghana, Nigeria?
-
4:49 - 4:52Thirty Kenyan shillings. That's six times the cost
-
4:52 - 4:54to connect within Africa.
-
4:54 - 4:56And also, when traveling within Africa,
-
4:56 - 5:00you've got different settings for different mobile providers.
-
5:00 - 5:02This is the reality that we deal with.
-
5:02 - 5:05So we've got a joke in Ushahidi
-
5:05 - 5:10where we say, "If it works in Africa, it'll work anywhere."
-
5:10 - 5:12[Most use technology to define the function. We use function to drive the technology.]
-
5:12 - 5:14What if we could overcome the problem
-
5:14 - 5:18of unreliable Internet and electricity
-
5:18 - 5:20and reduce the cost of connection?
-
5:20 - 5:22Could we leverage the cloud?
-
5:22 - 5:24We've built a crowd map, we've built Ushahidi.
-
5:24 - 5:26Could we leverage these technologies
-
5:26 - 5:31to switch smartly whenever you travel from country to country?
-
5:31 - 5:33So we looked at the modem,
-
5:33 - 5:36an important part of the infrastructure of the Internet,
-
5:36 - 5:38and asked ourselves why
-
5:38 - 5:40the modems that we are using right now
-
5:40 - 5:43are built for a different context, where you've got
-
5:43 - 5:47ubiquitous internet, you've got ubiquitous electricity,
-
5:47 - 5:52yet we sit here in Nairobi and we do not have that luxury.
-
5:52 - 5:54We wanted to redesign the modem
-
5:54 - 5:57for the developing world, for our context,
-
5:57 - 5:59and for our reality.
-
5:59 - 6:03What if we could have connectivity with less friction?
-
6:03 - 6:06This is the BRCK.
-
6:06 - 6:09It acts as a backup to the Internet
-
6:09 - 6:13so that, when the power goes out,
-
6:13 - 6:19it fails over and connects to the nearest GSM network.
-
6:19 - 6:22Mobile connectivity in Africa is pervasive.
-
6:22 - 6:24It's actually everywhere.
-
6:24 - 6:27Most towns at least have a 3G connection.
-
6:27 - 6:30So why don't we leverage that? And that's why we built this.
-
6:30 - 6:32The other reason that we built this
-
6:32 - 6:35is when electricity goes down, this has eight hours
-
6:35 - 6:37of battery left, so you can continue working,
-
6:37 - 6:39you can continue being productive,
-
6:39 - 6:43and let's just say you are less stressed.
-
6:43 - 6:46And for rural areas, it can be
-
6:46 - 6:48the primary means of connection.
-
6:48 - 6:50The software sensibility at Ushahidi is still at play
-
6:50 - 6:53when we wondered how can we use the cloud
-
6:53 - 6:55to be more intelligent so that
-
6:55 - 6:58you can analyze the different networks,
-
6:58 - 7:01and whenever you switch on the backup,
-
7:01 - 7:03you pick on the fastest network,
-
7:03 - 7:06so we'll have multi-SIM capability
-
7:06 - 7:08so that you can put multiple SIMs,
-
7:08 - 7:11and if one network is faster, that's the one you hop on,
-
7:11 - 7:15and if the up time on that is not very good,
-
7:15 - 7:17then you hop onto the next one.
-
7:17 - 7:21The idea here is for you to be able to connect anywhere.
-
7:21 - 7:24With load balancing, this can be possible.
-
7:24 - 7:28The other interesting thing for us -- we like sensors --
-
7:28 - 7:31is this idea that you could have an on-ramp
-
7:31 - 7:33for the Internet of things.
-
7:33 - 7:37Imagine a weather station that can be attached to this.
-
7:37 - 7:39It's built in a modular way so that you can also attach
-
7:39 - 7:41a satellite module so that you could have
-
7:41 - 7:45Internet connectivity even in very remote areas.
-
7:45 - 7:47Out of adversity can come innovation,
-
7:47 - 7:51and how can we help the ambitious coders and makers
-
7:51 - 7:55in Kenya to be resilient in the face of problematic infrastructure?
-
7:55 - 7:58And for us, we begin with solving the problem
-
7:58 - 8:01in our own backyard in Kenya.
-
8:01 - 8:03It is not without challenge.
-
8:03 - 8:06Our team has basically been mules carrying components
-
8:06 - 8:09from the U.S. to Kenya. We've had very interesting conversations
-
8:09 - 8:11with customs border agents.
-
8:11 - 8:13"What are you carrying?"
-
8:13 - 8:16And the local financing is not
-
8:16 - 8:21part of the ecosystem for supporting hardware projects.
-
8:21 - 8:24So we put it on Kickstarter, and I'm happy to say that,
-
8:24 - 8:26through the support of many people,
-
8:26 - 8:28not only here but online,
-
8:28 - 8:30the BRCK has been Kickstarted,
-
8:30 - 8:34and now the interesting part of bringing this to market begins.
-
8:34 - 8:37I will close by saying that, if we solve this
-
8:37 - 8:40for the local market, it could be impactful
-
8:40 - 8:42not only for the coders in Nairobi
-
8:42 - 8:44but also for small business owners
-
8:44 - 8:47who need reliable connectivity,
-
8:47 - 8:49and it can reduce the cost of connecting,
-
8:49 - 8:54and hopefully collaboration within African countries.
-
8:54 - 8:59The idea is that the building blocks of the digital economy
-
8:59 - 9:02are connectivity and entrepreneurship.
-
9:02 - 9:05The BRCK is our part
-
9:05 - 9:08to keep Africans connected,
-
9:08 - 9:11and to help them drive the global digital revolution.
-
9:11 - 9:13Thank you.
-
9:13 - 9:17(Applause)
- Title:
- Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa
- Speaker:
- Juliana Rotich
- Description:
-
Tech communities are booming all over Africa, says Nairobi-based Juliana Rotich, cofounder of the open-source software Ushahidi. But it remains challenging to get and stay connected in a region with frequent blackouts and spotty Internet hookups. So Rotich and friends developed BRCK, offering resilient connectivity for the developing world.
- Video Language:
- English
- Team:
- closed TED
- Project:
- TEDTalks
- Duration:
- 09:33
Thu-Huong Ha edited English subtitles for Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa | ||
Thu-Huong Ha approved English subtitles for Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa | ||
Thu-Huong Ha edited English subtitles for Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa | ||
Morton Bast accepted English subtitles for Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa | ||
Morton Bast edited English subtitles for Meet BRCK, Internet access built for Africa | ||
Joseph Geni added a translation |