-
It will be a short delay until I figure out
what the hell am I doing.
-
Oh wait, there will be ???
-
- We've got time.
-
- Do we?
-
"More than any other time in history, mankind faces a crossroad. One path leads to despair and utter hopelessness. The other, to total extinction. Let us pray we have the wisdom to choose correctly." - Woody Allen
-
- He was kidding.
-
I'm not.
-
It looks like we did not choose correctly.
-
After all,
-
there have been no humans on Earth when the global average temperature was 3,5°C above baseline.
-
2 million years of human experience,
all less than 3,5°C above baseline;
-
baseline being the beginning of Industrial Revolution.
-
We are headed for more than 3,5°C
above baseline, in the near future.
-
Human extinction will not resolve
because we are not clever.
-
It's not as if we can't handle temperature swings;
-
you came from outside, inside is way more than 3,5°C,
-
it's closer than 10°C or 15°C, that's not the issue.
-
The issue is habitat. We´re human animals,
as with all other animals,
-
we need habitat to survive
and that habitat has to include food.
-
And it's difficult for me to imagine
a world in which we'll have food,
-
for humans, at say 3,5 or 4°C above baseline.
-
Especially in the relatively near future
that will bring us that 3,5°C or 4°C.
-
John Davis, writes at the Arctic Methane Emergency Group,
last September concluded,
-
based only on CO2 in the atmosphere: "The world is probably at the start of a runaway Greenhouse Event
-
which will end most human life on Earth before 2040."
-
He is only contemplating one
greenhouse gas, Carbon Dioxide (CO2).
-
And, as reported by NASA a couple of days ago,
-
we're at carbon dioxide levels that are likely higher
than they've been for the last 20 million years.
-
For 2 million years
there has been humans on the planet.
-
We're at nearly 400 ppm
of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
-
In the beginning of the Industrial Revolution
we were at 280 ppm (parts per million).
-
So, this is a huge change
in atmospheric chemistry.
-
If we input some of the
self-reinforcing feedback loops,
-
associated with the so far
0.85°C rise in temperature,
-
instead of as John Davis did, which is to ignore those
and focus only on carbon dioxide,
-
if we include some of those feedbacks, according to Paul Beckwith, climate scientist at the University of Otawa,
-
we are headed to 6°C within a decade.
6°C from the current level.
-
About a year later, back with double down...
ok double and a half,
-
he said that we can expect up to 16°C increase
within a decade or two.
-
And he is basing these projections
on paleoclimatic information.
-
So, for example,
-
according to Science, one of the more reputable
journals in the scientific community,
-
climate change is on track to it for 10 times faster
than at any time during the last 65 million years.
-
Within that 65 million years is an event 55 million years ago,
-
which is a 5°C rise within 13 years, global average.
-
10 times faster than that is 50°C rise in 13 years;
-
or maybe a 5°C in 1,3 years;
-
either is enough to remove habitat
for all humans on the planet.
-
It's happening, and a lot faster than most people think.
-
A little bit more evidence, according to a paper
on the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
-
as one of the premier journals
in the world on science,
-
from 5 years ago,
-
we will remain at or above the current carbon dioxide (CO2) level for at least the next thousand years.
-
We are at 396ppm of CO2 right now and we will be, at a minimum, with 396ppm for at least the next 1000 years.
-
Contrast that with the message of 350.org
-
which indicates we will get down to 350ppm
if we just use a civilised approach to it by mid century;
-
the middle of this century. That's not gonna happen, it can't happen, it's physically impossible.
-
But 350.org is not gonna tell you that.
-
According to the UN Environment Programme, during 2008,
-
it was the dire year of the Great Recession, remember when we started calling them "recessions",
-
because the Prozac Nation
can't handle the word "depression"?
-
I mean, it was a Great depression, wasn't it?
At least for me, I don't know about you?
-
It was... awesome!
-
At any event, it was in that catastrophic year of the Great Recession, that the global CO2 emissions actually increased
-
to their highest level since we enacted
the Clean Air Act in this country, in 1980.
-
But that was nothing compared to 2009,
-
when carbon emissions increased
to a new record setting level.
-
And in 2010, when they exceeded
that previous record setting level,
-
likewise for 2010, 2011 and 2012,
and we just found out about 2013,
-
every year, every single year, we set
new records for greenhouse gas emissions,
-
and we are at the midst of a
global economic recession, at best.
-
It's clear, at this point,
that civilization is a heat engine.
-
And from a great paper
by Timothy Garrett in climatic change,
-
"Only a complete collapse
prevents runaway climate change."
-
We have know this for years.
And by "collapse", what Garrett means is
-
no fuel at the filling stations, no food at the grocery stores, no water coming out of municipal taps.
-
If we wanted to have habitat for humans,
in the not too distant future,
-
the understanding in 2009,
when the paper was published,
-
was that we needed to
completely collapse industrial civilization.
-
And I don't know anybody
who sign up for that, by the way.
-
And I can't imagine a politician
running on that campaign.
-
I can just see,
-
two presidential candidates in debate:
-
"No, I can collapse it faster than you can."
-
"No, but I can have the lights out
by a week after I'm elected."
-
Right.
-
According to a paper in the Astrophysical Journal - yes, even astrophysicists are talking about climate change -
-
the Earth is within 1% of inhabitability.
-
That's not very far.
-
So, for the entire enterprise of astrophysicists,
-
it was assumed that Earth was
in the middle of the habitable zone.
-
Here is the habitable zone
for stars of different sizes.
-
So, for a star of our size, the astrophysicists
used to thought Earth was right there,
-
in the middle of the habitable zone,
for the entire discipline of astrophysics.
-
But then, somebody actually looked,
-
and discovered, last March, that actually
Earth is in the inner edge of the habitable zone,
-
within 1% of being uninhabitable.
-
Mars is here, Venus is somewhere distant from Earth
as Earth is form Mars;
-
Venus is about right there,
and we what happened to Venus´ atmosphere.
-
It got striped away.
-
What this suggests is that
-
with minor changes in the Earth's atmosphere,
we can go Venus.
-
Well guess what! We haven't made
minor changes in the Earth's atmosphere,
-
we have done major changes in the Earth's atmosphere.
-
We have gone from 280ppm to 400ppm,
nearly 400ppm in CO2, in the atmosphere.
-
That's one of a handful of greenhouse gases.
Another one is methane.
-
Methane was 700ppb before the
beginning of the industrial revolution,
-
it's now about 2000 parts per billion (ppb);
nearly tripled...
-
the level of methane, as we observed
in the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
-
How bigger deal is methane, it's about 100 times more powerful greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide,
-
molecule per molecule. 100 times in the short term,
meaning less than 20 years.
-
It's only about 20 times more powerful than CO2
over a 100 years or so but,
-
we don't have 100 years or so.
-
And finally, a little bit about that collapse,
that Tim Garrett wrote about.
-
Clive Hamilton points out in his latest book
-
that without the atmospheric sulphates associated
with industry, when collapse occurs,
-
Earth will be an extra 1,1°C warmer.
-
Add 1,1°C to the current 0,85°C
and we're at 1,95°C, lets call it 2.
-
Even collapse takes us to 2°C,
-
the much dreaded political target.
-
If the system doesn't collapse, we're at 2°C
within a matter of years from now...
-
If the system does collapse,
we're at 2°C within 3 days.
-
And they call us Homo sapiens, the wise ape.
-
Think that it should have been homo cavitus
which is the clever ape, instead.
-
There's this contrarian myth
that has been floating around since 1998,
-
the hottest year of global average temperature
based on land records,
-
and the myth is that
the climate change has slowed, has plateaued,
-
that based on land surface records,
-
we have seen a pause in climate warming,
the Earth's warming, since 1998.
-
And in fact, based on land records that's right,
and so people wondered for a long time:
-
"Where is that heat going?"
As it turns out it is going to the ocean.
-
We look at 1998 and that's where
heating of the oceans accelerates.
-
So, we figured out about a year ago
where that extra heat is going.
-
Is not going into land masses;
it is going into the ocean.
-
And finally, just less than a month ago, there's a paper
which came out with an explanation of that.
-
The general heating of the Earths surface
has increased the winds over the ocean
-
and that increased wind has allowed for more heat
to be sunk deeper into the oceans,
-
than was previously occurring.
If we have an El Niño event,
-
a bunch of that heat comes out quite suddenly
in a short period of time.
-
If we don't have an El Niño event, if we have
a continuous series of "La Niña" years,
-
than that heat stays in the ocean and warms up
and therefore acidifies the ocean.
-
Already the oceans have acidified to the extent that...
-
more than half of the phytoplankton in the ocean
has been killed within the last few decades.
-
Phytoplankton is the base of the marine food web
and it accounts for about half the food we eat.
-
So, if we keep this up, we are going to
kill all the phytoplankton.
-
- Doesn't that also account for about
2/3 of the oxygen in the atmosphere?
-
- It accounts almost 1 for 1 with land plants.
-
So, it accounts for about half of the oxygen.
-
And yes, it would be inconvenient
to not have oxygen in the atmosphere.
-
If that's where you're going with that question.
-
However, oxygen is incredibly recalcitrant
in the atmosphere, so...
-
...I suspect there would be a 1000 years or more
before we have oxygen levels drop down to 16%
-
or even 15%, in the atmosphere,
as opposed to the current 18%.
-
So, there will be a huge lag after phytoplankton die,
before oxygen drops to unsafe levels.
-
[Imperceptible question from audience]
-
I... I don't know. 21?
-
21. And 15, apparently, becomes dangerous for humans.
-
So, we're a long way from oxygen being dangerous.
-
- ??? is 11%, by asphixiation ???. Only that. Sorry.
-
- Are you giving advise?
-
I'm not even done yet!
-
She's making a lovius called 'The End'...
-
[Imperceptible question]
-
The heat in the ocean helps explain why Antarctica
-
and the Arctic are both loosing ice, yes.
-
And in particular in Antarctica, it hasn't been observed
until quite recently that the ice is melting,
-
and it's melting from below, so the surface ice
has remained approximately the same.
-
But the ice is melting from below
so we are loosing ice mass.
-
It's much more obvious what's going on in the Arctic;
the cover is being reduced as well as mass.
-
We'll talk a little bit about the 28
self-reinforcing feedback loops
-
that are irreversible at temporal spans
relevant to the human condition.
-
28.
-
And then there are 2 that are reversible,
if we have the political will.
-
And we are gonna focus primarily on methane clathrates
coming out of the Arctic Ocean, because
-
that one happened 4 years ago,
was reported in Science 4 years ago,
-
so this is the one we know the most about,
and we know quite a bit about it, at this point.
-
And then I'm gonna just list the others because,
at some point...
-
...there's no point.
-
At some point you realize that we fired the gatling gun
and the bullets are all coming
-
and it only takes one to put us out, so why study
the other 9 thousand bullets we fired.
-
So the Arctic hold the methane hydrates or clathrates in the shallow sea floor of the Arctic Ocean,
-
which are bubbling up to the surface
and releasing the methane into the atmosphere,
-
from these clathrates, these little cage structures.
-
That methane in the Arctic sea floor alone is...
-
...equivalent to a thousand to ten thousand
gigatons of carbon;
-
versus 226 gigatons that were burned
with fossil fuels as of March 2010.
-
So now we are up to 260 gigatons of fossil fuels that were burned - of carbon we burned through fossil fuels -
-
but, in an event,
-
the methane hydrates in the Arctic
are 4 to 40 times, roughly, the carbon equivalent
-
of all the carbon dioxide we burned so far
since the beginning of the industrial revolution.
-
So... it's a lot.
-
We now know that a minor increase in temperature
is sufficient to trigger the methane release,
-
and that's because the clathrates
are in the shallow sea bed;
-
they're not at great depth.
-
A 50 Gigaton "burp" of methane is highly possible and that in tons is equivalent to more than 1000 Gigatons of carbon,
-
or roughly 4 times of what we have burned so far.
-
Highly possible at any time.
-
Methane plumes have been observed up to 150 kilometres across, by NASAs CARVE project.
-
A methane plume, what that looks like is...
if you're in a ship out there in the Arctic ocean,
-
and you happen to be in the middle of a methane plume,
150 kilometres across,
-
it would be like ginger-ale bubbling out of the Arctic Ocean as far as you can see in every direction.
-
You wouldn't see it for very long,
because you'd be dead surely thereafter,
-
because the methane is lethal.
-
So, take the picture... for posterity.
-
Based on an analysis from this one feedback alone,
-
we can expect global average temperature at more than 4°C of baseline temperature by 2030,
-
more than 10°C by 2040.
-
And this is what that looks like, the same cramp kinds of polynomial curve to the existing data;
-
It's number 3 here, and has methane going exponential
out of the Arctic Ocean.
-
Malcolm Light's analysis concludes that
the Gulf Stream transport rate,
-
or the thermo-healing conveyor belt,
which drags warm Atlantic water up into the Arctic,
-
started the methane hydrate or clathrate gun-firing
in the Arctic in 2007,
-
when the energy per year exceeded 10 million times the energy necessary to release those clathrates.
-
More than 10 million times.
-
So, this apparently has been going since 2007;
-
I think that is a long enough time to conclude
that the clathrate gun has been firing.
-
The clathrate gun is what climate scientist, including James Hanson, have been worried about for a long time.
-
In 'Storms of my grandchildren', Hanson worried quite a bit about firing clathrate guns,
-
or the methane bomb; and looks like we are there.
-
He only know about a self-reinforcing feedback loop being triggered by looking in the review mirror.
-
We have about 7 years of review mirror, at this point.
-
This illustrates what Albert Bartlett, professor emeritus from Colorado University for many years,
-
described in his presentation,
which he gave over a thousand times.
-
He says "The greatest shortcoming of the human race is our inability to understand the exponential function."
-
We think linearly, so we think that this change,
so far, has been pretty linear.
-
But event's have gone beyond linear now.
-
We are no longer in the linear age in terms of change in the recent past, much less in the near future.
-
An example commonly used is,
in high-school classes, is:
-
you have a pond and... algae, a tiny bit of algae,
-
and the algae doubles in cover, everyday.
-
How long after the lake is half-full before it's full?
-
One day.
-
That's an example of what happens
with exponential function.
-
What this looks like as if about 3 weeks ago,
in terms of methane concentration,
-
you see heavy concentration of methane in the Arctic and over the land masses of large continents.
-
Siberia, where the methane is being released
as the permafrost melts.
-
Northern Canada and all through the Arctic.
-
The measurements have been up to about 2400 ppb
within the last few days.
-
This is 1 of the 2 reasons that habitat for humans will disappear from the Northern Hemisphere
-
before it disappears from the Southern Hemisphere.
-
The other reason is that the land to water ratio is so much higher in the Northern Hemisphere
-
than it is in the Southern Hemisphere,
-
and land mass has heat up more than
twice as fast as the global average.
-
So at 2°C rise in global average temperature means
-
roughly 4,5 or 5°C rise in the interior of continents.
-
In the south-western interior of a large continent
in the Northern Hemisphere,
-
like, say right there where I live,
-
you can expect habitat to disappear for humans
within weeks after collapse is complete;
-
or within weeks of hitting the 2°C global average.
-
All this water, relative to land, in the Southern Hemisphere
-
provides for a great ameliorating impact
in terms of temperature rise.
-
Not to mention the fact that there's this large continent down there that still has quite a bit of ice;
-
in contrast to the Arctic, where the Us Navy even predicts
-
that the Arctic ice will be gone by September 2016.
-
That's the US Navy; the headline says: the Arctic ice will disappear by 2016, 84 years ahead of schedule.
-
- [Laughter]
- 84 years!
-
- I'm thinking: who wrote the schedule?
-
It's ahead of... Who wrote the schedule??
Did we put that on the calendar somewhere?
-
Journalists.
-
That's huge, by the way. What happens in the Arctic doesn't stay in the Arctic. It ain't Vegas.
-
We loose the ice in the Arctic
and things get really weird in a hurry.
-
The Arctic is the planet's ice... air conditioner.
Arctic Ice is the planetary conditioner.
-
One example,
-
to illustrate the point:
-
To melt one gram of ice into one gram of water,
-
at zero degrees,
-
- so they are both at zero degrees,
they are both at freezing -
-
to melt one gram of ice to one gram of water
requires 80 calories.
-
Take that same 80 calories, put it into the gram of water, that is now melted at zero degrees,
-
put in the 80 calories,
it goes up to 80 degrees centigrade.
-
When we get rid of the ice,
that heat starts going into the ocean,
-
starts warming up the ocean,
instead of melting ice.
-
When the Arctic ice is gone, an event we haven't
observed in the human history,
-
is going to produce profound changes in the temperature,
global average temperature.
-
There is one self-reinforcing feedback loop
presented in the ??? ?????? in 2010,
-
and there are 4 more,
discovered and reported in 2011.
-
One of those being Siberian methane, and methane was leaking out in Siberia as well out of land masses.
-
It's not just out of the Arctic,
it's out of land masses as well.
-
And in Summer 2010, those methane events were about 30cm, about a foot in diameter.
-
And so scientists would go out and light those on fire
like these Roman candles,
-
that just go wweeashhh, you know.
-
Look mum, I can light a fire.
This is what scientists do to get attention.
-
This summer of 2010, those methane events
are about 30 centimetres across.
-
Summer 2011, they're a kilometre across.
-
We're seeing geological events play out in real time.
-
We're beyond linear in terms of climate change.
-
So, one self-reinforcing
feedback loop in 2010, 4 in 2011,
-
the 6 in 2012...
-
so we are seeing an acceleration of the reporting
of the self-reinforcing feedback loops.
-
And finally, in 2013, there were these 6...
-
that gets us through July,
-
and then there were these 6,
that gets us through September.
-
And then there are these 4... so there were 16.
-
16 reported in 2013.
-
So far only 1 reported in 2014 but we're running
out of places to categorize these things.
-
We are learning a lot more about each of these
self-reinforcing feedback loops,
-
and the evidence becomes
increasingly dire and overwhelming.
-
Finally there are 2 reversible feedback loops...
-
...aah, we could not drill in the Arctic,
-
and in fact we aren't, any more. Isn't that awesome?
-
Shell went up there in 2012,
September, when they're fast tracked,
-
they sent the two rigs in the world deemed capable of
handling the weather in the Arctic,
-
and they were crushed.
Sometimes nature bats last.
-
And they went screen back and spent the
next year and a half working on them,
-
and they just announced, 2 weeks ago,
that they're not going back.
-
That the seas are too hight, that we don't have
the technology to extract that energy,
-
and the energy doesn't have enough energy in it,
-
the energy return on investment is so low
that it's just not worth it.
-
So far; we'll see if that holds.
-
An finally, if there's a way to save a buck,
we're gonna take the short-cut, right?
-
One of my neighbours,
in South-western New Mexico,
-
gave a presentation at a public library,
about two and a half weeks ago,
-
and he was on the first ever tanker
to go through the ?? at Northwest Passage.
-
1969! He was on an oil freighter, of course,
that busted it's way through the Northwest passage.
-
He described the experience in riveting detail,
it was a difficult task,
-
and the other boats to break out that ??
and it got stuck and... it was really tough going.
-
And now is like you can go up there in your sail boat.
-
Anybody in September can go through
the Northwest Passage now, it's open water.
-
It was 1969, not that long ago.
-
So now what?
-
I like to check in with the pinguins,
-
quick before we kill them all.
-
There are two responses to this kind of information.
-
There's the societal response, what do we do as a society,
and there's the individual response.
-
And the societal response remains the same
as it has always been,
-
"If the message is somehow
we are going to ignore jobs and growth
-
simply to address climate change,...
I won't go for that." (Barack Obama, 14 Nov. 2012)
-
And of course not, this is again in that category
of promoting collapse,
-
and no politician is going to get up on the stage and say:
-
collapse is gonna save our species therefore
we're gonna collapse the settle living arrangements.
-
The Obama administration surely knew
about this briefing
-
from the Alliance of Small Island States at COP15,
-
the Copenhagen climate change meeting
that they threw under the bus,
-
and this line comes from their report:
-
"The long-term sea level that corresponds to current CO2 concentration is about 23 meters above today's levels..."
-
This one were 385ppm of CO2 in the atmosphere;
we are now at 396.
-
"...and the temperatures will be 6 degrees C or more higher.
-
These estimates are based on real long-term
climate records, not on models."
-
So there is a lag between
CO2 emissions and temperature,
-
or in the past,
between temperature and CO2 emissions.
-
When the catching up is done, to 385ppm of CO2,
-
it's gonna produce conditions which are
unsuitable for humans to survive.
-
So then, in terms of individual response, I'd like to turn to the moral philosopher Bruce Springsteen,
-
for my advise.
-
"In the end what you don't surrender,
well the world just strips away"
-
Or lets say it like a Zen Buddhist, "Let go or be dragged".
-
The near future will not be like the recent past.
-
Or Carpe Diem, seize the day.
-
When I speak at college campuses,
the students point out after my presentation
-
that I'm pronouncing this incorrectly.
-
It's actually crappy diem.
-
As in "You ruined my day."
-
Or from Nietzsche, "live as though the day were here"
to which I would add one thing,
-
that's from the philosopher that pre-dated Nietzsche
by a couple thousand years,
-
Hippocrates, from the 'Hippocratic Oath':
"First, do no harm".
-
And finally, from the poet Leon Staff
in the 'Warsaw Ghetto'
-
"Even more than bread we now need poetry,
in a time that it seems that it is not needed at all."
-
We had science and technology for quite a long time,
-
and the technology produced by
the knowledge that comes from science
-
has been catastrophic.
-
Let's take the window berry brow,
do some poetry now.
-
I always finished like a Hollywood movie.
-
I have really good news...
-
You get to die.
[DNA assures our unique stature (i.e., you get to die)]
-
Isn't that awesome?
-
It is, it means you got to live;
and the odds against you living,
-
the odds against this collection of DNA being present,
-
exceed the odds against plucking at random
a single atom from the entire Universe.
-
We know a lot about DNA, we know roughly how many atoms there are in the Universe:
-
between 10^80 and 10^100 atoms in the universe.
-
The odds against you being here,
you being in this physical form,
-
your DNA appearing in this collection,
in this human body,
-
any time, ever, exceed by far the odds against plucking a single atom from the entire Universe.
-
If I believed in miracles I would think we all were one.
-
It's incredible! We get to die.
-
And that means, we get to live.
-
As the evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins said:
-
"In the teeth of these stupefying odds,
it is you and I that are privileged to be here,
-
privileged with eyes to see where we are
and brains to wonder why."
-
Nobody else gets to do this.
-
And I'll add something else:
-
We are here at the end.
-
Everybody else you've ever known
checked out before the movie was over.
-
- Oh shit!
-
- And we get to be here AT THE END.
-
If that isn't awesome I don't know what is.
-
And this is amazing because we are the last human beings to get to display our humanity,
-
to get to demonstrate the best
of what it means to be human.
-
We get to act as if we're in hospice
because we are.
-
Because the whole planet is at this point,
-
including the species that remain, after we drive 200 species to extinction every day.
-
The whole planet is in hospice.
-
When I see people in hospice
I don't see people grumping for another dollar.
-
I see people giving things away.
-
I don't see people hoarding,
I see people giving of themselves.
-
I see people acting with kindness and compassion,
-
and going out with some ??? of dignity.
-
Let's try that!
-
Even if all the data are wrong; even if I'm wrong.
-
Wouldn't that be something?
-
Wouldn't that be a pretty reasonable way to live?
-
I think so.
-
But I've been called some funny names.
-
Things that we might pursue in hospice,
and here is the typical CEO response:
-
"And so, while the end-of-the-world scenario
will be rife with unimaginable horrors,
-
we believe that the pre-end period will be filled with unprecedented opportunities for profit."
-
[Laughter]
-
So, this is the Goldman Sachs approach.
-
I mean, this is ???
-
and Jamie Diamond,
-
and the people who apparently just love money
so much that they must have more.
-
This is the 85 people on the planet...
-
...who have much net financial worth as...
half of the people in the planet.
-
But I don't think this would be anybody in this room
or you wouldn't be in this room.
-
There's money to be made out there.
-
Still money to be made in planetary destruction;
get out there and get after it!
-
No, I don't think this is us.I think...
-
I think we are the people who actually might be interested in pursuing something different than that,
-
something other than fiat currency, like:
we might pursue love, in lives of excellence.
-
And by lives of excellence I am thinking here
of Socrates and his approach.
-
He spent an entire life asking 6 questions.
-
6 questions! That's all, he just went around asking people questions; 6 questions at various forms.
-
What is courage?
-
What is good?
-
What is justice?
-
What is moderation? What is piety? What is virtue?
-
6 questions.
-
After 7 years they killed him for it.
We should be so lucky.
-
To ????? so much that we... just by asking questions,
-
the state can't tolerate us anymore.
-
What a way to go! Nobody gets out alive.
-
So that's a life of excelence; and pursuing love,
pursuing those we love.
-
I´m thinking about your children, your grandchildren,
the people you love spending time with,
-
and I'm also thinking about the living planet
that sustains us all.
-
It's a living planet that allows us to live.
Not the other way around.
-
I used to say, before the great recession really kicked in,
-
that if you think the economy
is more important then the environment,
-
try holding your breath while counting your money.
-
But then I'd speak in Michigan
and people would pull out their wallet,
-
while holding their breath, and put it back in and say:
"what else do you got?"
-
They didn't take but a couple of minutes.
-
Because in Michigan they're in the front line of collapse.
-
I think we can do better than what we've been doing.
-
Occasionally people despair,
while hearing me speak...
-
[Laughter]
-
Astonishing, I know.
-
Or from the ??? ???: "Inconceivable!"
-
To which I respond:
The action is the antidote to despair.
-
Even if, especially if,
-
our actions don't matter in the long run.
-
What better judge of our character
than our willingness and ability to act?
-
I once read that the best judgement of a man's character - obviously this wasn't written by a man -
-
the best judgement of a man's character is what he can do for those who do nothing for him.
-
What he does for those who can do nothing for him.
-
So think about that. Think about people
who can't do nothing for you.
-
You have power over them, and yet you treat them with kindness and dignity and compassion.
-
And we can do that... about everything.
-
It's not just about our character, it's about everything we do; it's about our humanity.
-
Action is the antidote to despair.
-
Is iconoclastic, ??????? pointed out
years and years ago
-
So, if you're damned if you do
and damned if you don't,
-
then do! What do you got to loose?
-
What do we got to loose?
-
Let's do something!
-
Even if ultimately it wont make any difference.
-
We are judged only by ourselves.
There is no History left to judge us anymore.
-
If you wanna learn more about my writting,
-
and how could you not,
[Laughter]
-
I write profusely at 'Nature Bats Last', guymcpherson.com
-
and I write a monthly essay for 'Transition Voice since the ??? was found dead about 4 years ago,
-
and my latest effort is with a couple
of other teachers and homesteaders
-
in preparing people for an ambiguous future.
-
Finally, my latest book is called 'Going Dark',
and I have copies here.
-
I promote in practice a gift economy, which means
you can just take one if you want.
-
There are also bookmarks; laminated bookmarks.
-
And the bookmarks have, most importantly,
-
this url on them.
-
So, there's an essay in 'Going Dark' that starts on page 85,
-
that describes the dire nature of the climate situation.
I've only given just a brief overview here.
-
And all this information can be found with links, at:
guymcpherson.com/climate-chaos/
-
That url is on these bookmarks, so by all means
take a bookmark, take a book,
-
if you wanna give me a gift back
you can give me fiat currency, but...
-
but I'm not asking for that.
If you want, give me a gift.
-
Sometimes when I speak at college campuses, nobody has any money, of course specially college students;
-
they owe their entire life savings,
forever, to the federal government,
-
just for the privilege of going to school,
-
so, frequently they give me pieces of art.
-
But, last time that I spoke in a college campus
it was in Winnipeg,
-
and I complained that I would sign books
but I don't have a pen,
-
and so the first guy says "Here,
you can have my pen. I'll take a book."
-
So, sounds great! Thoughtfull.
Some people are clever.
-
I would be... ecstatic
to entertain your questions, or comments,
-
and at this point, of course,
answers are particularly welcome.
-
Thank you very much attention and,
please, lets have a discussion.
-
[Applause]
-
Thank you! Can we turn the lights up?
-
All the way in the back there?
-
- Do you see any possibilities for a mass-scale investment in carbon sequestration,
-
soils, trees, plants,
in a time scale that could make a difference?
-
I heard a trillion tree programme ??? ???
-
- Right... - ...and soils; those sequestred
in a time frame that may yet be relevant?
-
- No. - O.K.
-
- And a primary reason for that is...
-
it's gonna require an enormous amount
of fossil fuel energy to plant trees,
-
and to transport the water to the desert where that project proposes planting those trees.
-
In addition, the time is so short,
we are talking a decade and a half.
-
To implement change, trees just are not gonna grow that fast and sequester that much carbon.
-
In addition, they are carbon neutral.
-
You plant the trees, they grow, they sequester the carbon, and then what happens for them?
-
- They die. - That's right, they die, and almost all that carbon is released back up to the atmosphere.
-
They fix some in the soils, in ???, depends on the ecosystem how much they fix in the soils...
-
But I don't see that; and I read about this data that this essay, with few likes.
-
Aaahm... right up here. Maybe not.
Go ahead.
-
- Did you say that link that...That link will have information from your presentation, or?
-
- Yes. All the information I presented here
is included there, and there´s links to everything I said.
-
- O.K.
-
- So, this is the single best source of what's going on
in the real world of climate change.
-
-O.K. I have a second question.Earlier you were talking about positive feedback loops,
-
and I was just wondering if the ones you listed, you said there was two that we could change,
-
'reversible', and there were 16, was it?
-
- 28. - Oh, 28, yeah, right, yeah.
-
The ones you listed... I mean... what about like...
-
the plankton that dies and
the carbon that's released from that,
-
and that's like a sink, and then like the... I don't know...
-
- I love it when I´m the most
optimistic person in the room!
-
[Laughter]
-Yeah, and then there's a...
-
- Yeah, these are the ones that are reported in sort of the mainstream scientific arena.
-
And there may well be others that people haven't thought over, that we haven't documented yet.
-
Like the fact that all those phytoplanktons are gonna die
-
and are gonna be unable
to fix the carbon they're fixing now.
-
- Right.
-
- Yeah. You're a happy good lucky guy, I can tell.
-
You love the fun of the party, aren't you?
[Laughter]
-
- I have read climate scientists who don't ??? ???
I read Hanson, Kevin Anderson...
-
none of them, so far that I have known, predict that human beings are gong to be extinct in 15 years
-
[imperceptible]
-
- Yes, that's right
-
- Why?. What facts do you have
that we're not hearing from other scientists?
-
- Almost nobody is willing to admit
that the clathrate gun has been fired.
-
That includes Hanson. Although Hanson made
a major shift within the last month.
-
Up until a month ago, he said that
2°C is a relevant target,
-
and less than a month ago, he said 1°C; we can not possibly go beyond 1°C.
-
As we've known since the United Nations (UN)
greenhouse gas task force reported,
-
in October 1990, that we can't go over 1°C
or it's gonna be utter catastrophe.
-
Well, it turns out that we have our utter catastrophe with the self-reinforcing feedback loops at .85
-
Earlier than expected.
-
Kevin Anderson is the guy in the UK that doesn't fly,
-
...and he is the person who comes
the closest to anybody I know
-
who still has a job who speaks truth to power.
-
So, I have great respect for him
and great respect for James Hanson,
-
although James Hanson is still on the nuclear phase
-
unaware that recent scientific
literature indicates that
-
nuclear power plants are not carbon neutral,
they actually produce fossil fuel carbon
-
to build them, and get them going; over their life span,
they are carbon intensive.
-
So, I think Hanson is behind the time.
-
Yes, he has been outspoken for a long time,
-
but I don't think he has kept up
with the relevant literature.
-
- What are your thoughts about Fukushima?
-
- What are my thoughts about Fukushima?
-
I think it was probably a bad idea.
-
[Laughter]
-
I wasn't done with my sentence...
-
Who's that actor? That guy... when he gets a script he throws out all the punctuation?
-
[Imperceptable]
-
Maybe him too, but it´s not...
-
Christopher Walken!
-
Christopher Walken throws out the punctuation
and that's why...
-
he has these unusual gaps in the way he speaks.
-
He doesn't make a lot of sense, sometimes.
-
He's a funny guy!
-
But I digress.
-
I think it's a bad idea to...
-
...to implement a programme so that we can boil water
-
without having the slightest clue
of what to do with the waste product.
-
Waste products that last millions of years,
in the case of plutonium.
-
There has never been a human structure
to last longer than 50 thousand years.
-
We're so filled with uberess that we think "oh, we'll fix that; we'll solve that later."
-
So in 1939, when the nuclear age begin, we just assumed someone would fix that down the road.
-
Guess what, nobody fixed it.
-
There is a paper presented at
American Geophysical Union meetings...
-
aahm, Robin: what's the guy's name?
- Brad Werner.
-
Brad Werner; if he was in Germany it would be Verner.
But he's Brad Werner.
-
And the title of his talk was "Is Earth Fucked".
-
[Laughter]
-
And I think he.... yeah. I mean he did answered it.
-
But it's pretty clear that because of cluster Fukushima...
-
somewhere such events, I mean,
just consider Fukushima,
-
which according to Hellen Calicut, Arnic Anderson
and David Suzuki and other nuclear folks,
-
Fukushima alone represents a significant threat
to human habitat in the Northern Hemisphere.
-
There is four hundred and forty some
nuclear power plants around the world
-
and so if we collapse the settled living arrangements,
if we stop,
-
if we get that president that stands up and says
"I'm gonna have lights out by the day after tomorrow",
-
and we actually pull that off,
than we could have stopped runaway greenhouse,
-
if we did that like 40 years ago,
-
but,then all the nuclear power plants
in the world melted out,
-
so that's gonna be inconvenient.
-
- Why would they melt down?
-
Because they rely upon grid tie electricity
-
to maintain the circulation of the water
through the cooling ponds.
-
Until those spent few rods spend years in this cooling ponds
-
and then are stored into dry cask storage,
they're dangerous.
-
So, they're dangerous for a long time.
-
There was a panel in New York City late last year,
including Ralph Nader
-
and the most recent ex-head of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in the United States,
-
and they were asked, at the very end of the panel, how long it would take to decommission Indian Point,
-
the new nuclear power plant right outside New York City. And they hummed and hummed, refusing to answer.
-
And finally, they were badgered long enoug that they had to come with an answer. They said 6 decades...
-
to shut down Indian Point.
-
6 decades...
-
It's a long time!
-
Forever is a long time,
especially towards the end.
-
- A difficult question. I have read a novel about global warming and it described a lot of what you are saying,
-
but I also struggle with this idea, we have a mythology that human beings are this sort of alien presence
-
and we're doing this terrible thing to nature.
And to point a fact: we are nature.
-
There is nothing outside of nature
and we are exactly what nature is doing.
-
And, you know, if I go over Phoenix,
or looking at what's going on in China,
-
it seems like it's nature doing this;
-
and from your philosophical side... because often we want to demonize people for going to Disneyland
-
or driving a SUV, but you know what? Usually is, in many cases, their best human emotions,
-
they want their families safe so, out of love they think and consider these things safe,
-
but of course, wont, but they're going to Disneyland because they are doing it for their kids.
-
So you are working against something so fundamental in the human experience,
-
that it's also, probably, the best art
that people experience themselves.
-
and to tell them "now you are wrong;
now you're destroying everything
-
when you're an abomination to all of nature"
it's a very difficult thing philosophicaly.
-
So I'd like to know your philosopher side; if we are nature... and we didn't come from another planet,
-
we are doing what nature wants done here.
-
- Anybody familiar with Lucy Kay? Comediant.
- Oh Yeah!
-
- Social character, Lucy Kay? I love this.
-
The one on Indians? This one little one minute clip
on Indians, it's awesome.
-
He says "Sometimes I think people came from like another planet." That's how he starts.
-
So, they were just that alien.
-
But no, we are in fact part of nature.
-
We act as if we are apart from nature,
instead of a part of nature,
-
but we're definitely a part of nature.
-
And we are the mutant part.
-
2 million years human beings lived on the planet without going and taking a population overshoot.
-
2 million years humans lived on the planet, at the global level, without going to human population overshoot.
-
2 million years we lived in... in systems, in social systems,
-
that did not allow for degradation of human habitat.
-
And then, a few thousand years ago
we discovered civilization
-
and civilization grew several times, more or less, ...several places, more or less simultaneously
-
and from then it's all have been a wild drive,
we were immediately in overpopulation overshoot
-
and started destroying water and fouling the air and washing the soil into the ocean,
-
and all that stuff we have been doing since then,
-
furthermore ???? up human population overshoot,
-
in the rate of 207 thousand or so people a day,
that's ???
-
so, if you're looking for fault, for blame, it's not you and me.
-
It's these settled living arrangements
into which we have been born.
-
We are born into captivity, we are born in the civilization,
we didn't get to choose.
-
Nobody comes out and says
"Oh shit! No, I'm going back in."
-
[Laughter]
-
Right? Not only that but it just keeps getting better, right?, We've got ipods now.
-
And the whole thing.
And it just looks like it keeps getting better.
-
Every year my life
has been worse than the year before.
-
Every year we dirty more air and foul more water
and that whole thing,
-
and everybody I know thinks it's getting better
because we have smartphones. Right?
-
So that's my bumper sticker
"Genocide for Smartphones".
-
We know how we chose, didn't we?
-
More about blame. Of course it's not our fault, we're born into this settled living arangements,
-
we did what society expected of us
and if we didn't we were called crazy...
-
and furthermore, it's FORTY YEARS... from cause to effect;
-
It's 40 years from greenhouse gas emissions
until temperature rise.
-
40 years! Forty years ago, I was 13.
I wasn't even driving.
-
I was looking forward to it, having no clue, in my early teens, what the consequences would be.
-
None of us knew.
-
If you knew 40 years ago
that we were headed for the abyss,
-
and you lived this long,
you're a stronger person than me.
-
To have that clatter around in your head...
- Thank you!
-
- Yeah, thank you!
-
[Laughter]
-
- Did she just say ...
Did she just thank me for calling her crazy?
-
Because I almost never get that!
-
Ok, You're all crazy!
-
- Thank you! - Thank you!
[Laughter]
-
So, it's 40 years from cause to effect,
from action to consequence
-
in terms of warming of the planet,
and within the last 29 years
-
we generated more greenhouse gas emissions than in the previous 236 years combined.
-
So we haven't even begun to see the temperature rise associated with those last 29 years.
-
.85 is a walk in the park
compared to what's coming.
-
.85 °C rise.
-
So, I'm not looking to blame anybody,
except the whole thing.
-
The whole system is irredeemably corrupt,
and we just showed up,
-
like we didn't get to choose it.
-
We could have chose sometime when we wouldn't get to see the end of the movie.
-
And for most people, they think that was better.
-
- What do you think of some of these ideas about shooting particles up in the atmosphere?
-
- Geoengineering is a fine question.
-
Lets see what the
intergovernmental panel on climate change,
-
in their latest assessment, which ???,
which has been heavily leeked,
-
they say "Global warming is irreversible without massive geoengineering of the atmosphere's chemistry."
-
that's a direct quote.
-
Since then, we've got a paper coming out from Earth System Dynamics, that says:
-
"Climate geo-engineering cannot simply
be used to undo global warming"
-
Next paper: "Geoengineering may succeed in cooling the Earth, but it would also
-
disrupt precipitation patterns around the world."so we couldn't actually grow any food.
-
Next paper: "Attempts to reverse the impacts of global warming
-
by injecting reflective particles into the stratosphere could make matters worse."
-
Next paper Environmental Research Letters "Risk of abrupt and dangerous warming is inherent
-
to the large-scale implementation of ..." Solar Radiation Management. Putting particles up into the air.
-
Next paper, from a couple of days ago. Current schemes,
-
and this paper looked at 5, the 5 most common current schemes of geoengineering,
-
"Current schemes are likely to either be relatively useless or actually make things worse"
-
Finally, let's ask the people what they think.
-
They think it's a stupid idea.
-
I agree with them.
-
For a change, I agree with people in this completely irredeemably corrupt society.
-
I think they figured this one out.
-
[Imperceptible]
-
- ...there is nothing that can be done, doesn't make any difference ???,
-
nothing can change the fact that everyone in this room is going to die from climate change.
-
Do yo feel that presenting things in that form actually encourages people to try and do something about it?
-
- No.
- No. It doesn't.
-
- For several reasons. First of all, I don't know anybody, well there's a handful of people around the world,
-
??? resistance members among them, who are trying to terminate the settle living arrangements.
-
I've been trying to do that for a long time and it really hasn't worked out very well.
-
2, people say: Well, in light of this information don't you think people will become hedonists?
-
[Laughter]
-
Americans? [Laugter]
-
Becoming hedonists?
-
How would I tell the difference?
-
We could have everything we want, we have the world's reserve currency.
-
I don't know a single college student who doesn't show up at college having made a requisite trip to Europe.
-
That was a big deal when I was a kid. You got to love stories that start like "When I was a kid..."
-
When I was a kid, people didn't just go to Europe
when they're in Highschool.
-
It was inconceivable
that anybody would do such a thing.
-
Am I afraid people will start acting like hedonists?
Not really.
-
The Buddha... I bet this story isn't true
but I'm gonna tell it as if it is.
-
The Buddha, apparently, asked one of his students how frequently he thought about death,
-
and the student goes "I think about death pretty much all the time, probably 100 times a day."
-
And the Buddha goes "You must think about death
with every breath."
-
Let's live. Let's live here, now.
-
You all knew you were gonna die.
Right? Since you were 11 or so?
-
And you reach this understanding when you're 5 or so,
-
apparently you realize that you're gonna die but you don't really have a chance to synthesise,
-
to integrate it into your being.
But by the time you're 10 or 12 years old,
-
everybody knows that death doesn't do just apply to grandma, it applies to them too.
-
And I remember, actually, when my grandmother died when I was 11 years old,
-
and I cried for 2 weeks and I barely knew the woman.
-
I mean, I met her a few times, she lived always away,
and I didn't know her at all.
-
And I cried for a long time, and later, much later,
it occurred to me that I wasn't crying for her.
-
I was crying for me.
-
She was an indicator that I'm mortal too.
-
And I hate that!
-
I mean I don't mind that nobody gets out alive,
as long as I'm an exception.
-
[Laughter]
-
So, the wolf is always at the door. Right?
-
Let's act with some urgency in our lives; lets act as if the here and now matters;
-
let's act as if people around us matter; let's act as if the living planet matters too.
-
That's all I'm suggesting. I'm suggesting that we act.
-
I am also suggesting that
I can't imagine it will work to save our species,
-
but as a conservation biologist I have long known that humans were gonna go extinct.
-
I didn't know it would be on my watch.
-
But...
-
...all species go extinct,
-
including the most clever of them all.
-
You, you with the hat.
-
He says: Is it true that you're investing heavily in start up space travel companies?
-
Or are you relying upon intervention
by friendly extra-terrestrial?
-
[Laughter]
-
No, I'm not investing in space travel.
-
I suggest that we live here, now. That's sort of inconsistent with jumping in a space-ship.
-
And I read the Martian chronicles when I was a kid
-
- I don't know if you remember Ray Bradbury's classic commercial chronicles? -
-
and people were starting to kill each other in mass here on Earth, so the rest of the people decided to go on Mars,
-
And it wasn't long that they were on Mars before they could look back and see
-
everybody on Earth killing themselves, and by that time the process was well under way on Mars.
-
So, we not only have to escape,
we have to change human behavior.
-
With respect to aliens,
-
all you have to do is pretend that I'm an alien,
-
and now convince me. Tell me why you're worth saving?
-
Tell me why you're worth extending the run
-
of the species that is driving to extinction
200 species a day?
-
Tell me why you're worth saving,
when you're not saving anything.
-
If you can do that, you can have the microphone.
-
I have 2 questions. The quick one... I kind of missed what you meant by clathrate gun.
-
That's not my main question; that just came up from your answers to other people's questions.
-
aah... people that I know who question climate science,
-
aahm... one of the big arguments that they make... is.. ahm
-
ok aah... with carbon you're talking parts per millionth, with methane you're talking parts per billionth,
-
and they say that really the biggest greenhouse gas, the thing that can hold the most heat
-
is water in the atmosphere.
-
Which is, I'm not sure exactly but it's aah
-
- That's correct, by the way. The biggest greenhouse gas is water in the atmosphere.
-
- So...
-
- Right. It's a little change in a little number. What can possibly go wrong?
-
- Right.
-
- Yeah, I've heard that one.
-
- aahm... When you ingest Anthrax it's a little number,
that has a big change.
-
280ppm is not 400ppm.
-
If you question the greenhouse effect,
-
go out in your car on a sunny day, with the windows down,
-
and it's almost the same temperature inside as out,
and then roll up the windows.
-
Like in 5 minutes is a little uncomfortable.
Well, in 15 is a lot of uncomfortable and 30 minutes...
-
- ... ??? of the car it's the window. [Imperceptible]
-
- Right, and so this is an excellent analogy for Earth
with a whole bunch of windows,
-
and every molecule of CO2, above baseline,
is rolling up a little window,
-
and it takes 40 years
for those effects to be felt.
-
I'm not sure how to convince people
who are unconvinced by evidence.
-
There's no... I don't think there's any way to do that.
-
- It's clear to me that global warming is going on,
-
but the math between parts per millionth
and parts per billionth and
-
water vapor, which I'm not sure exactly
but it's much different,
-
so I have a hard time at making that math work,
making it, conceptualizing it,
-
the whole "yeah, that's what it is!".
-
- Well, I'm not sure I can help you then because
-
you can put greenhouse emissions or global warming or climate change in the search box,
-
your favorite search engine, and find abundant information
-
that is merely elucidation of
what has become the scientific obvious.
-
In 1847, George Perkins Marsh,
United States ambassador and naturalist,
-
- is it not interesting? What a weird combination.
-
You don't see many ambassadors these days who aren't attorneys, much less who are naturalists -
-
1847, before we started burning any fossil fuels at scale,
-
1847, George Perkins Marsh predicted global warming
as a result of burning fossil fuels.
-
By 1896, Svante Arrhenius, who went on to win
the Nobel Prize in Chemistry,
-
predicted we would observe a 1°C temperature rise - global temperature, planetary average -
-
by the year 2000, if we keep burning fossil fuels.
-
The mechanism has been known for a really long time,
-
it was demonstrated in practice by Guy Kalender,
-
in 1938, in a paper by Royal Society,
-
and in 1938 he demonstrated there was a significant rise in global average temperature.
-
It was a 40 year lag, he documented that rise in about 1915,
-
about 40 years after we started
burning fossil fuels at scale.
-
The evidence is overwhelming.
-
If it can't convince somebody
then it can't convince somebody,
-
and I'm not interested in trying to convincing them.
-
It's pointless.
-
This is like the difference
between trying to convince people
-
who believe in climate change,
but that it's not that bad.
-
The burning of fossil fuels, of course, creates heat,
-
so we've got lots of heat going on
all over the place, all the time.
-
So couldn't that heat that we're continuously
introducing into the environment...
-
be a major factor?
- No. It can't.
-
Because we turn the heat off
for extended periods of time, in various places,
-
we now removed for the urban heat island effect
and for local phenomena
-
when calculating global average temperature.
-
We can talk about this later
but I don't want to spend any more time on it, today
-
The mechanism has been described, has been illustrated, we've known for a long time
-
that you can't burn fossil fuels
that accumulated over millions of years
-
in the span of 150 to 200 years without consequences.
-
We've know this for a long time.
We're seeing those consequences.
-
We shouldn't be surprised.
-
All the way in the back.
- Can we shift gears for a bit
-
and talk about living gracefully?
Can you say a few words about the gift economy?
-
I really... that's what is near dear to me.
-
- Sure. I live in a small valley
in south-western New Mexico,
-
where I practice and promote agrarian anarchy.
-
Anarchy is not chaos.
Anarchy is an absence of rulers.
-
Chaos is an absence of rules.
-
I practice agrarian anarchy
in the spirit of Wendell Berry
-
and Edward Abbey,
-
and Henri David Thoreau
-
and to a lesser extend, with slaves involved,
Thomas Jefferson
-
and I also practice and promoted gift economy,
-
and that's what we did for the first 2 million years
of the human experience.
-
It was only after civilization arouse that we started...
-
the notion of currency.
-
Yes, fiat currency.
-
I, almost every time I go to the store,
which isn't very often,
-
the cashier rings me up and then here she says "How would you like to pay for that?"
-
and I bring out these pieces of green paper
and I go: "You're still taken these?"
-
They look at me like I'm crazy.
-
I'm not rolling that out,
because I've been called a lot worse.
-
But they're still taking those, and it's all a con game,
-
it's an unbelievable scheme!
-
I mean... the secretary of treasury Jack Lew
admitted that, last October!
-
He said: if people want money instead of rolling over the bonds, the whole system comes down.
-
He admitted it, it's a Ponzi scheme;
right out there in public.
-
And the American public is like:
"[yawn] Can you pass the chips?
-
What´s on today any way?"
-
So, a gift economy... of course a gift economy works great when you're in a triangle situation.
-
If you have dunbar's number of people, 150 to 250 people,
-
well, then everybody can keep track of everybody
-
and the consequence of shunning somebody is probably death for that person.
-
Now that we've become so globalized and interconnected and dependent upon fiat currency,
-
that then all bets are of, so to speak.
-
But, I'm still trying to promote that,
even though it doesn't do any good.
-
It's like everything else.
-
Why not? I propose doing everything differently,
then we're doing now.
-
- It feels great!
-
- Yes.
-
aaah... over here.
- Thank you! Thanks for coming ???
-
You kind of lost me on the methane hidrates. I think that it's not kind of ??? but,
-
aah, I was doing some research recently on... what they're calling next generation biofuels
-
and one of them is cellulosic ethanol,
the other one, that you're probably familiar with is Algae,
-
and in the finding there´s a number of people and companies that are doing some pretty cool stuff,
-
and I came upon one in Florida that has already ??
-
that they can do 10 thousand gallons
of biofuels per acre per year,
-
using salt water and the CO2 coming out of power plants.
-
10 thousand gallons. You get about 50 gallons from soybean oil.
-
Those are completely different things.
Could that, you know, change your predictions
-
of ????? that going?
Again, they've already proven it...
-
The company that I encourage everyone to look it up is Algenol, A-L-G-E-N-O-L,
-
they are in Florida
and they're trying to expand right now.
-
- These are not my predictions, first of all.
These are other people's predictions.
-
I'm just relaying the good news.
-
Providing some context.
-
With respect to the methane,
that's a second question about methane,
-
so I should explain that a little bit better.
-
Methane is enclosed within small cages,
-
only slightly bigger
than the methane molecule, the CH4.
-
Enclosed within a cage
and that cage is in the shallow sea beds,
-
and when it warms,
that cage with the methane starts to rise,
-
and when it warms a little bit more
the cage falls apart.
-
And then the methane molecules are released directly into the atmosphere.
-
So this cages are called clathrates or hydrates.
-
This is called the clathrate gun
or the methane bomb.
-
It appears that we´ve triggered it.
-
Until we can undo the irreversible...
-
Until we can reverse the irreversible feedback loops, I don´t think it matters.
-
Furthermore, I´m not a fan of the car culture.
-
I think the car culture is a huge part of our problem, and so...
-
continuing the car culture... I don´t think is a good idea,
-
even if it means carrying our cars with buffalo shit, I´m still not a fan.
-
- So but, I mean, if we were just in a perfect world
-
we were able to stop going for oil, stop ?????? Canada
-
and start plugin in these ponds,
start growing these biofuels that way...
-
10 thousand gallons per acre per year,
you got to admit is pretty significant.
-
yes, I´de be interested in seing the energy return
on the amount of energy investment for that.
-
Is this tight oil, like Shell and tar sands?
-
-No, no, this is algea.
-
I understand, but algea to petrol
is not one magic wand ?????
-
- Oh, what it is is 9 000 of those gallons is ethanol and the remaining 1000 is about
-
1/3 jet fuel, 1/3 gasoline and 1/3 diesel and then the sludge ???
-
Ok, I don´t know enough to comment. I encourage anybody who would go algenol to look them up.
-
I´m not a fan of the car culture, of airplane culture, of maintaining industrial civilization
-
that is making us sick, making us crazy
and killing us, by any means.
-
So, if this is another way to prop up civilization,
I´m not a fan.
-
That´s what it sounds like.
-
Yes.
-Two questions:
-
How and when did you come
to your realisations about this?
-
And, if there is no hope, why aren´t you down in southwestern Mexico ???????
-
Wow, two tough questions. Pack your bag. Could we ascort this guy out?
-
Security? Do we have security?
I think it´s time we let this sucker out.
-
Sometimes I show and we have technical problems.
-
The first stop of this tour was in Eugene (I have a point)
-
and I found out, one minute before the presentation beggins, I don´t have a projector.
-
So I just did stand-up. Tragedy.
-
So, I apreciate you humouring me
with your laughter.
-
I reached this realisation in 2002, when I was editing a book on climate change,
-
that we were heading for extinction probably in 2030 or so.
-
And, about a year later, I discovered the concept of global peak oil, and I realised:
-
This is it! This is the ?????.
This is the one that´s going to save us
-
in terminating the industrial civilization.
We will stop spilling emissions.
-
And... that was a long time ago.
-
- And fracking happended!
-
Yeah. Fracking and tar sands.
You know, everything we do to maintain
-
this settled arrangement that is killing
everything, including us.
-
So, that was in 2003-2004 that I thought there would be a game over by now.
-
I moved to southwestern New Mexico
for a variety of reasons.
-
One of which was that the university
were I was working
-
was just another exemple of
fundamentally irredeamebly corrupt system.
-
So I didn´t feel confortable working there anymore.
-
I´m not there now
-
because the project has failed.
-
I built a platinum level doomsdead, a homestead that has 2 solar whels
-
and a ?????.
-
No fossil fuels are required to run the place.
It´s amazing for huge gardens
-
a large orchard, goats, chickens, ducks, turkeys and a goose named Myrtle.
-
The most important part of the whole thing.
And then she left.
-
She went to the neighbours!
-
They have six big ??? ducks and she´s like: "hey, this is my people."
-
And she wondered off and she spends all her time down there.
-
She come like one every two or three months, and she´s "quack quack quack"
-
and the honk says "I just want to check in and say I don´t live here anymore. Screw you!"
-
And that´s when I knew. I got to get the hell out of there, because it ain´t working.
-
Even Myrtle wouldn´t stay.
-
So, it´s been a complete catastrophic failure.
-
I would rather be here than there.
-
- Why was it a failure?
-
- You mean, besides Myrtle?
-
- Yeah, besides Myrtle.
- I know, I know.
-
I can´t remenber the stuff.
I have to look it up.
-
It says here in this book - it must be true because it´s on paper-
-
Let´s see...
-
"I left the easy life of a tenure professor in an amazing university
-
to develop and occupy the property I called 'The MudHut',
-
and I did that for five premiere reasons,
all of which have failed.
-
So, all the goals have failed to be met.
-
Firts of those, I left as an act of resistance
against the dominant paradigme.
-
Guess what, the dominant paradigme and those within it failed to notice.
-
2. I left as an example of alternative living, in my case promoting a gift economy
-
within agrarian anarchy.
-
My example has failed to inspire a number of significant others to live differently,
-
to live outside the system.
-
3. I left as a way to promote more...
to provide more time
-
(my eyes are getting worse everyday)
-
a way to provide more time for speaking and writing about important topics,
-
actions which were discouraged at the university where I was working.
-
My last department head was hired specifically to make my life
-
miserable enough so that I would leave.
-
She´s a dean at the University of Washington now. Congratulations.
-
I have enjoyed limited sucess in this arena, although triumph ???? not battling administator
-
dragons has been largely consumed with vigorous physical work,
-
like digging those damed trenches for the water delivery system.
-
4. The place is a refuge for the youngster, the son of the couple
-
with whom my wife and I shared this property, as well as his generation.
-
Due to ongoing accelerating climate change, the unsure future in this location probably will be
-
notably short.
-
And 5. it´s a way to extend my own life and that of my wife.
-
Due to ongoing accelerating climate change,
our future in this location is likely to be quite short.
-
So this were the 5 goals I had. The next paragraph starts with:
-
"Perhaps most importantly there is a widenning chasm within the partnership formed
-
in this shared property. Although leaving the life that I loved as an academic
-
to move to a diferent location
made sense at the time,
-
long before the climate change news grew so dire,
and everyone's collapse appeared eminent
-
I now view the major personnal transition as infinitly regretable.
-
I´ve come to see that it was the wort mistake of my life, althoug I´m not dead yet,
-
so can yet get up and be myself.
-
So it hasn´t worked in part because of the relations on the property,
-
which have broken down in a
somewhat horrifying manner.
-
You know, living with people is hard.
-
???? that was essencially my question.
-
When you found out that essencially we were all going to be done,
-
???????????????????
-
Of course, my reaction at the time
was utter despair
-
and I didn´t fit in particularly well
in society before that,
-
but when you start mourning
events that haven´t happened yet,
-
you´re an absolute nutcase.
-
And so, people are mourning the death
of their 92 year old grandmother,
-
whose been hanging on suffering ???? from cancer for 3 years, and I´m like;
-
Let it go. That´s one human being that´s had a full and rich life. Let her go.
-
I´m mourning the near come demise of our entire species, and people are going:
-
What? You don´t know what you´re talking about.
That´s a theoretical thing.
-
It´s so abstract.
It reminds me of "Star Trek".
-
-Yay!
Somethings do.
-
I don´t know if you remember the early days "Star Trek"...
- Yay!
-
- I got that... Yes, that´s who exactly I´m going to talk about,
-
Mister Live Long and Prosper.
-Yay!
-
So, a ship was blown up,
a vulcan ship was blown up
-
and like 300 people died
and Spok sheds a tear.
-
A tear! It´s unbelieveble!
He shows no emotions ever.
-
And all the humans are like:
"what? what´s up with that?"
-
He says: "You people mourn the death
of a single individual.
-
I just lost 320 of my comrads,
and you can´t understand."
-
And I felt the same way, only it was 7 billion.
-
And nobody got that either.
Weird.
-
[Imperceptible]
-
Yes, so the question is if this climate chaos
causes human extinction,
-
will there be any animals that would be alive.
Yes, I think there will be.
-
The faster we terminate the industrial
civilization, the more especies,
-
I believe, will remain.
Even if terminating industrial civilization
-
leads to 2ºC in a short period of time,
then I still think that
-
some organisms have a chance.
-
Here´s the thing:
if we have chinook salmon next year,
-
we might have chinook salmon
in twenty years.
-
But if we don´t have chinook salmon
next year, we won´t.
-
So, what I´m working for,
is those other species, at this point.
-
I think we´re done.
-
But I´m working for those other species,
and here´s what I´m really working for:
-
Edward O. Wilson, Conservation Biologist
at Harvard University
-
predicts that only 10 million years
after an extinction level event
-
- there have been five, so far,
we are in the midst of the 6th extinction-
-
only 10 million years after an extinction level event, we have a vibrant green planet again.
-
10 million years.
-
The more seeds we can plant now,
the more species we save now,
-
the greater likelyhood that in only 10 million
years, we have a vibrant planet again.
-
Recently, like in the last two months,
there was a new species,
-
previously unknown to humanity,
discovered in the sarcophagus of Chernobyl.
-
It was a slime mold.
In the sarcophagus.
-
Ionizing radiation at that level
and we can´t even kill everything.
-
As mutch as that´s our goal.
Is to kill everything.
-
It appears that we´re not going to be
"successful" at that.
-
So, my goal is to keep as many species
around as we possibly can.
-
Do you take any comfort from quantum mechanics and dark energy and dark matter?
-
This could be a very small sliver
of what we think is real.
-
Sure. Absolutely. I take comfort
from nearly anything at this point.
-
Dark matter maters.
-
I´m remembering two of the past extinctions,
where 60 millions and 200 millions and...
-
55 millions and 251 million years ago
-
what percentage of the land and sea species
were ???? or lasted ???
-
Was like 95%?
-
In The Great Dying, 251 million years ago,
the number of taxa, the number of species,
-
but, probably more general level,
the number of genera that we lost
-
was more than 95%.
-
And 55 million years ago, it was more
than 90%.
-
So, it´s a huge proportion.
-
So everything that´s here now ????
-
Yes, that´s right.
Everything that´s here now
-
is because those species made it
through the extinction ????
-
So, your hope would be a
5 or 10 or 15% survival rate.
-
Yes. If we have 0,0001% that get it through
that´s better than 0,00001%.
-
Yes, absolutely.
Let´s act as if every species matters.
-
On the higher estimates that you have though,
do you feel like there could be
-
a runaway kind of climate chaos that could lead
to a similar ?????
-
that just ???? beyond where ?????
-
Yes, it´s possible. It´s possible
that we could go Venus.
-
In the same frame of analysis, he sugests that, by 2026,
we´ll have a 160 degrees centigrade
-
of the surface temperature.
So that´s Venus, by the end of the century.
-
It could be, but I think we should act
as if that´s not going to happen,
-
that we should act as if our future matters,
that we should act as if the future of
-
other organisms matters as well, instead of
just saying: uhm, it´s done.
-
It´s game over. Let´s party like it´s 1999.
-
I have another question too, about what you were saying of the actual time scale,
-
and now I know that there is some...
this drought in California,
-
and ???? food prices are going up, and all this kind of things,
-
I kind of intuitively felt that
maybe we are seing the beginning,
-
maybe they´re not going down again,
like this is.... the food prices
-
and the accessability of food...
and so I´m wondering if you think
-
that what we´re seing now with how this
affects on the food system,
-
if that is going to be the first to get afected
as far as what we will really notice,
-
and see that the producing areas
are not going to be able to produce food anymore
-
It could very well be and David ???
writing for Fiesta Group
-
in late 2012, as I recall, indicates that
global economic collapse will be complete
-
in as little as 3 weeks after a significantly
disruption in the supply chain.
-
And here he´s talking about supplay chain disruption,
including food, or oil,
-
or any number of other things.
A significant disruption we´re 3 weeks away
-
from terminating the settled living arrangments.
-
Yes, I think that what we´re seing now
is the result of climate change
-
as already baked into the cake, and that
because of that 40 year lag,
-
there is little we can do, now, that will
have any impact on
-
how those changes will play out.
We´re locked in to a drought.
-
????? for a really long period of time.
-
It´s going to be wet and cold in the U.K.
and northern Europe, for a long time.
-
And so, yes, ???? food suply.
-
What do you think the social impact will be,
for the next 2 or 3 year, on a global scale?
-
Social impacts of climate change?
-
Several people, in retrospect,
now have viewed the Syrian´s spring
-
as a consequence of drought,
of food shortage induced by climate change,
-
So, if that´s a canarian coalmine,
and it might be, then we could see that spreading to
-
far wider portions of the globe.
So, I read an analysis yesterday, indicating
-
that we´re one year away
from massive global scale scale food riots,
-
because of disruptions in the food supply.
Could be.
-
I can´t hear you.
-
[imperceptable]
-
Ok, so, are there any counter-balancing
cooling signs? Well, there are
-
there´s at least one negative feedback
I know about,
-
one negative reinforcement ???.
As the planet warms it releases more heat
-
in the space, but as near as I can tell,
that´s linear, not exponential.
-
We are due for an ice age
and the sun is dimming,
-
and apparently it will reach it´s lowest point,
in terms of radiation, in about 2020.
-
So, we´re dimming right now.
We´re overcoming the effects of a ...
-
of decreased energy coming from the sun.
-
What is scheduled to be an ice age,
we´re overcoming that with carbon emissions.
-
So, vulcanos anybody?
I mean, they´re worth for the short term.
-
But we need to keep spilling the materials
into the air, the refelctive particles in to the air
-
forever, and so... super vulcanos?
Anybody signing up for Yellow Stone going?
-
So, it may well take something like that
to counter-balance
-
??????, I´m a psychologist.
I remember reading some...
-
And I´m not crazy, so...
-
I remember reading some pop
psychology reviews about
-
educaters telling people about
climate change, and if they put it
-
in a `no way out of it`kind of perspective,
the students leave feeling as if
-
they can´t do anything about it.
And when they track
-
how they change their behaviours afterwards,
they don´t change anything
-
or, you know, recycle less.
If they hear about it in a positive light,
-
"we cand do something", they tend to do more
greenish kind of stuff.
-
Are you familiar with the study,
if so, how do you... are there other things
-
that go in the equation for you, like
-
it´s going to go anyway so at least
we could go with some dignity, something like that?
-
I'm not familiar with the study but that never ceased me from commenting about a study
-
just because I don't know anything.
-
The comment about recycling, if I punch you in the face
-
do you think it's O.K. if I apologize?
-
No, of course not! That's a horrible thing!
-
But we recycle... It's the same thing.
-
Punch the planet in the face and we recycle,
-
"oh it's good, look, I recycle, look at me..."
-
What about reduce and reuse?
-
Remember the other 2 R's, the ones that matter?
-
The only ones that make corporate America any money is the recycle one.
-
So, that's why we do that.
But, it's an apology after a punch in the face.
-
I do this for many reasons,
-
among them that nobody else does.
-
I think we have the right to know,
-
and the corporate media and the
corporate governments of the world
-
are not telling you the facts.
-
I think you have the right to know, I think you have the right to know what I know and
-
there's a whole bunch of people
who know what I know, by the way.
-
I was contacted, out of the blue, much to my surprise,
-
a guy you would all know if I said his name,
-
he contacted me in December of 2012, and he says:
-
"You got it figured out, on the climate change front;
I'm buying the whole thing,
-
and can I come and visit the the 'mud hut'
-
because I'm moving to the Southern Hemisphere, and I want to replicate what you're doing."
-
This guy is about my age, and I did a bunch of research to figure out if this was actually him.
-
Because I'm thinking "Famous people
don't send me email messages."
-
So I did a bunch of research and it all matched, but still I wrote back to him and I said "Are you really you?"
-
you know, because after he lied the first time
he wouldn't lie the second time, I'm sure but..
-
So people know. People with lots of fiat currency
-
are converting that fiat currency into land
and homesteads in the Southern Hemisphere,...
-
- George Bush is one of them.
...and this is not the only case.
-
That's right. The Bush family is among them.
-
with a homestead in Paraguay. James Cameron, the film maker,
owns a whole bunch of New Zealand,
-
and the list goes on and on.
-
So, I do this in part because
I think we deserve to know what I know.
-
We deserve to know the facts and the models
and the projections about climate change.
-
And I don't see anybody else doing that.
-
Yes.
- Perfect time for comments.
-
????
-
Some Dallas philosophy a little bit.
-
What we can do is become aware. That's what you're doing.
-
I know a lot more information
than I did before I came in here tonight.
-
So the first step is to become aware and then act accordingly.
-
I would also add to that: act if it´s the right action.
-
Buddha said that, when he played tennis.
-
Also, right action.
So, awareness and then act accordingly.
-
That´s the best that we can do,
and it´s all that we can do
-
and it´s enough.
-
The Universe will take care of the rest.
-
If we act in the Now, in the Present,
we make our tomorrows.
-
Yes, I agree.
So awareness is the first step
-
and awareness is not Nirvana.
Awareness is a curse.
-
Oh! I forgot to mention something.
-
Now is probably the wrong time.
-
But I don´t know if you remember
this first slide. It has an asteroid.
-
And it´s supposed to remaind me to tell you
that there´s two kinds of people in the world,
-
those who categorize people under two kinds of people,
-
Oh. no, no, no.
-
There are people who want to know,
they want to know everything, they want to be fully aware,
-
And then there are people
who don´t want to know anything.
-
If there is an asteroid coming,
they don´t want to know about it until they´re dead.
-
So don´t tell me a thing.
-
Others of us want to know and I want to be out there
staring the damned thing down.
-
When it gets here,
it better hit me in the nose.
-
That´s me.
So I assume that´s you.
-
But I was supposed to start by saing that
if that´s not you, now it would be a good time to leave.
-
Now is a bad time to leave,
because now you all know.
-
It´s like that Louis CK routine,
where he is talking to this 3 year old daughter
-
and, she keeps asking him questions
and finnally he starts to get frustrated
-
and he says: because at some point the
Sun will blow over and kill us all.
-
And so the 3 year old, before the conversation started
didn´t know anything, and now she knows everything.
-
And Ifeel the same way.
Now you know everything.
-
You know that you´re going to die
as so as averybody else.
-
But you knew that anyway.
So it´s not a big surprise. You´re not 3 years old.
-
Could you talk a little bit more about the northern hemisphere
versus the southern hemisphere?
-
You´re not depressed enough, yet?
Jesus, what does it take with you people?
-
How much longer do we have in the southern hemisphere?
-
How much longer to build a property down south?
-
Oh. I think it´s gone.
I had an answer for that. Let´s see.
-
Malcom ??? did this analisys for the Arctic Methane Emergency Group
on the ??? of February of 2012
-
and it´s distrubing to me that
this is the sort of stuff that it´s in my head.
-
And in it he concluded that all life on Earth
will be extinct by 2047, plus or minus a few years.
-
And he said, 2031.6, plus or minus 13 years,
in the northern hemisphere
-
2047, plus or minus a similar number of years,
in the southern hemisphere.
-
So that for all like on Earth.
That´s 16 years. 16 years.
-
I think he´s wrong.
I don´t think we can kill everything.
-
I see no way that we can manage
to kill everything by 2047.
-
So, if it´s 16 years for all life,
how much is it for human life?
-
I don´t know, Is it 10 years, is it 15?
I don´t think anybody really knows.
-
But, I mean, you decided to move to New Mexico.
Yeah, that was stupid, remember?
-
I love the way you keep bringing that in, though.
-
You were really stupid,
let´s bring that up again.
-
What is with you people, anyway?
You say I´m stupid and you laugh about it.
-
That´s a little disturbing.
-
And that guy who isn´t a psychologist laughed.
??? go get one.
-
So if this ???comes to pass, when and as you expect,
what will you do?
-
Will you wait around and starve to death with everyone else or do you have a plan for yourself?
-
Is there a point?
-
[Imperceptable]
-
You´re just too macabre.
That´s what you are.
-
What am I gonna do?
Well, I suspect where Iive, at some point,
-
temperatures will rise, to a high enough level, that will
???? the proteins in all the planet.
-
That´s like 125 or 120º fahrenheit,
and that will ???? all the proteins in all the plants.
-
So all the plants will die.
And where Ilive those spring winds are horryfic.
-
Starting in February and March, it´s like
40 or 50 mile ??? winds every day
-
and it´s really quite unpleasant.
Well, ????no plans.
-
A thousand people died in the dust ball
in this country, choking to death, literally, on dust.
-
So that´s everybody I know, ????
-
And you will wait for that to happen,
as opposed to take your on life?
-
What´s it take to get a drink in this place?
-
I..... It´s dificult for me to imagine a scenario
in which I will commit suicide
-
There is a young guy named Daniel ???? whio wrote an essay,
in "Nature Bats Last" maybe a year ago,
-
whose 11.300 words, which is a lot, specially in Twitter nation, where 140 characters ????
-
11.300 palavras and it´s just ????, it´s he´s journey, he´s ride
-
of despair and utter hopelessness, followed by total extinction
-
You know, just up and down, up and down,
and it was horrifying,
-
and I can summerize that essay in just 3 words:
starvation, predation and suicide.
-
That´s all they said.
11.300 words.. 11297 more than it took me.
-
I don´t see myself commiting suicide.
-
I eagerly anticipate seing the comeback of the living planet,
if only for a few weeks or months.
-
I think it will be awesome to see
the end of industrial civilization.
-
And yes, it will kill me, way sooner than it´s going to kill
almost everybody else in the planet.
-
Already 5 million people a year die early death because of climate change and people ask me: when it´s going to start?
-
To the families of those 5 million people, it already started.
-
So, it´s already in the way. I look foward for the living planet to make its come back, no matter how briefly.
-
So I can´t imagine I will kill myself.
-
However, there are a lot of people who have that in mind for me.
So I might not escape the bullet just yet.
-
Sometimes I think it´s good
that people are ignorant because
-
if everybody is were as ??? as we are, now,
there might be panic and...
-
... I know you will oppose it, ????
that´s not my point of view
-
you know, bring it on, so we can all ????? better place
-
I just, sometimes, like... I was reading ?????
They´re all like in Lala land, but, maybe it´s good.
-
People in California aren´t freaking out, they are ????
-
Right. So. You´re sort of the ??? the government
and the corporate media´s approach:
-
just don´t tell them anything that maters.
-Well, yeah, I guess I am,
-
-Keep them ??? and they´ll be happy,
because ignorance is bliss.
-
Why do we have a ??? state? Why do we have a media, if not to inform? Why do we have governments if not to lead?
-
- To steal!
-
I hate when people tell the truth.
That´s supposed to be my job!
-
- I love being here because I am so depressed about all the stuff and it's great to have somebody like, you now...
-
Yeah, and generate a whole community
of like-minded people.
-
People ask me all the time when I'm done
"Do you own stock ???"
-
"Because I really want to drink now."
-
Yes Robin?
-
So, this collapse, if you can bring if on,
-
the paper by Brad Werner?
-
"Earth Fucked", ...
-
he says the only...he did a mathematical model of a couple of human environment systems,
-
and the way the mathematical model is playing out,
-
it is that if we wait for some top-down answer... it's not coming,
-
and, chances are, he says, "Earth is Fucked", that's it.
-
But... the point that's uncertain in his model is...
-
the one thing that might make some kind of difference, I don't know if it would be enough to save anybody, but
-
the actually only thing that might make a difference is
-
if there is just a massive bottom-up to bring down civilization...
-
within the next 5 years. Within the next 5 years it has to be complete or there is no - and there might already be enough -
-
but, in his model, how do you feel about bottom-up, bringing it down in the next 5 years,
-
would there be a way that we grow enough food for a few Adams and Eves, to keep the insanity going?
-
??? finally shows up.
-
I think it's a great idea, terminating industrial civilization, has been foremost on my mind for years.
-
Yes I think that's ingenious,
no I don't think it will matter for our species.
-
I think we're already done. We're just walking around to save on the funeral expenses.
-
Not easy to bury a species, you know;
that shit costs money
-
And we are all about the money.
-
Have you been filming this whole time?
-
I said these horrible things about my ???
-
We're gonna have to edit that up, by the way.
-
Thank you all for coming, I'll stay here as long as you want, don't forget to get a copy of "Going Dark"...
Rodrigo Cardoso
Action is the antidote to despair.
36:31.50Is iconoclastic, ??????? pointed out
years and years ago
Edward Abbey, a writer, pointed out... ?
Rodrigo Cardoso
He is iconoclastic at Tucson and a writer, Edward Abbey pointed out...
Rodrigo Cardoso
You love the fun of the party, aren't you?
[Laughter]
42:15.82
- I have read climate scientists who don't ??? ???
I read Hanson, Kevin Anderson...
'...who don't mean it spurious' ??