Fatal Amusements: Contemplating the Tempest of Contemporary Media and American Culture
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0:00 - 0:01[Villanova University
Ignite Change Now] -
0:01 - 0:03[Fatal Amusements Nov 3, 2014
Garey Hall - Villanova University] -
0:03 - 0:04[Contemplating Contemporary Media]
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0:04 - 0:05[Dr. Lance Strate
Harron Family Chai in Communication] -
0:05 - 0:07[Villanova University does not endorse and assumes no liability for the materials apearing or opinions expressed in this video]
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0:07 - 0:08(Applause)
(Lance Strate) Well thank you -
0:08 - 0:10I don't think, I don't know, does it
matter? Do we need the microphone? -
0:10 - 0:12do we need them
-
0:13 - 0:17Can you hear me, you hear me OK?
-
0:18 - 0:26OK, so we will set aside this prop and
thank you very much I am indeed honored -
0:26 - 0:30to have been chosen as the
Haron Family Chair for this year -
0:30 - 0:38and I'd like to thank the NBC family, Provost Mcginty
Dean Landmeyer Maurice Hall, of course, (check) -
0:38 - 0:43the chair of the department Heidy Rose and
Cheryl Bowen and the rest of the -
0:43 - 0:48Department of Communication, including
the ones who really run the place, -
0:48 - 0:49Loretta and Maria.
-
0:50 - 0:54It's been a great pleasure to be
part of this faculty this semester -
0:54 - 0:56and especially to spend time
-
0:56 - 0:59with the wonderful graduate and
undergraduate students -
0:59 - 1:02that attend here at Villanova.
-
1:03 - 1:09So I think it's, no doubt,
it's something of a cliche -
1:09 - 1:13for visitors to begin by making reference
to our close proximity -
1:13 - 1:17to the birthplace of the US.
-
1:17 - 1:20And far be it from me
to break with tradition. -
1:20 - 1:25So let me begin by posing the question:
If Benjamin Franklin we're here today, -
1:25 - 1:30what do you think he would make of the
possibility of Donald Trump as president? -
1:30 - 1:31(laughter
-
1:31 - 1:35Or to put it more generally, what would
the founders of the American Republic -
1:35 - 1:39have to say about the State of
the Union in the 21st century? -
1:39 - 1:44Now, I hasten to add that when I speak
of the Founders, I want to set aside -
1:44 - 1:48all that racism sexism
all the other awful isms -
1:48 - 1:52that were part and parcel of their times.
-
1:52 - 1:56I just want to consider them
as embodiments of the ideals -
1:56 - 1:58that they set forth in their writings.
-
1:58 - 2:02And you can say I'm being a romantic
but this is my thought experiment -
2:02 - 2:07so you'll have to bear with me, and so
I ask you to imagine what these champions -
2:07 - 2:12of reason and rationality, freedom
and equality, justice and democracy -
2:12 - 2:16would make of contemporary
American culture? -
2:16 - 2:18What would they make of a culture
that's been shaped -
2:18 - 2:23by instantaneous communication,
that's dominated by the video image, -
2:23 - 2:28transformed by the internet social media
and mobile devices? -
2:28 - 2:31What would they make of the ways
in which public discourse -
2:31 - 2:36has been altered and influenced
by our electronic communications? -
2:37 - 2:40Well, let me suggest to you that some of
the words that might come to mind -
2:40 - 2:47might be: disturbed, disappointed,
maybe even disgusted. -
2:47 - 2:49And don't get me wrong:
-
2:49 - 2:52I do think they'd be duly impressed by all
the progress that we've made -
2:52 - 2:56in science and technology
over the past 230 years. -
2:56 - 3:01I also think they'd recognize the progress
we've made regarding human rights -
3:01 - 3:04over the past two centuries,
-
3:04 - 3:06but I do believe that
our founders would express -
3:06 - 3:10grave and profound concern
about our future -
3:10 - 3:15When Benjamin Franklin uttered the ominous
reply regarding the kind of government -
3:15 - 3:19they had created "A republic, if you can
keep it," -
3:19 - 3:25The danger he foresaw was a return to
some form of authoritarian government -
3:26 - 3:31but what George Orwell depicted
in his novel 1984, -
3:31 - 3:34that would have been more extreme than
anything that Franklin had known -
3:34 - 3:40but he would easily understood the basic
premise of coercion oppression and fear -
3:40 - 3:44under which totalitarian regimes operate.
//// -
3:44 - 3:49what franklin never imagined in
his wildest dreams that the reports that -
3:49 - 3:51wrote the Republic might be lost
-
3:51 - 3:57not by force of arms but by fulfillment
of our desire to have fun and he -
3:57 - 4:02therefore would have been baffled by the
kind of dystopia depicted in Aldous -
4:02 - 4:08Huxley Aldous Huxley in his novel brave
new world but I believe that he would -
4:08 - 4:13agree that Huxley was more prophetic the
Norwell a point that Neil Postman -
4:13 - 4:19observed in his best-known book amusing
ourselves to death so let me quote to -
4:19 - 4:24you now from the opening of that book
postman wrote -
4:24 - 4:29what orwell feared was though where
those who would ban books what Huxley -
4:29 - 4:33feared was that there would be no reason
to ban a book for there would be no one -
4:33 - 4:39wanted to read one or welfare those who
would deprive us of information -
4:39 - 4:43Huxley feared those who would give us so
much that we would be reduced to -
4:43 - 4:49passivity and egoism orwell feared that
the truth would be concealed from us -
4:49 - 4:55oxley fear the truth would be drowned in
a sea of irrelevance orwell feared we -
4:55 - 5:01would become a captive culture oxley
feared we would become a trivial culture -
5:01 - 5:07preoccupied with some equivalent of the
Feelies the orgy porgy and the -
5:07 - 5:14centripetal bubble puppy as Huxley
remarks in brave new world revisited the -
5:14 - 5:20civil libertarians and rationalists
failed to take into account man's almost -
5:20 - 5:28infinite appetite for distractions in
1984 Huxley added people are controlled -
5:28 - 5:33by inflicting pain and brave new world
they are controlled by inflicting -
5:33 - 5:41pleasure in short orwell feared that
what we hate will ruin us Huxley feared -
5:41 - 5:48that what we love will ruin us now as
you may have noticed the title of my -
5:48 - 5:54talk fatal amusements is a tribute to
the book that post published thirty -
5:54 - 5:59years ago and in my thought experiment
I'd like to think that Franklin -
5:59 - 6:03Jefferson and company would find a
glimmer of hope and postman's -
6:03 - 6:09explanation of how public discourse is
shaped by our media of communication and -
6:09 - 6:14since this is my thought experiment I'd
also like to imagine that they gain some -
6:14 - 6:19additional encouragement from the
footnote and follow-up to post mean that -
6:19 - 6:24I published last year a book entitled
amazing ourselves to death in the old -
6:24 - 6:28postman's brave new world revisited I
want to believe that -
6:28 - 6:33and in all fairness to benjamin Franklin
he certainly would have been familiar -
6:33 - 6:39with the old saying Nero fiddled while
Rome burned which is a popular metaphor -
6:39 - 6:44for irresponsible and foolish action in
the face of serious events fiddling -
6:44 - 6:49while Rome burns has been used in
particular to refer to inaction on the -
6:49 - 6:54part of political leaders in the face of
a crisis but as citizens in a democracy -
6:54 - 7:00responsible for governing ourselves
there are no solo acts when it comes to -
7:00 - 7:06fiddling around we're all playing in the
band fiddling while Rome burns might -
7:06 - 7:11well have been an alternative title for
amusing ourselves to death which postman -
7:11 - 7:18wrote not in puritanical condemnation of
all pastimes and leisure pursuits nor is -
7:18 - 7:23an elitist screed promoting the poor
taste of youth today or the loss of -
7:23 - 7:28manners or moral standards the problem
that post man identified is not that we -
7:28 - 7:33seek pleasure or like to have fun or
amusements are part of what make us -
7:33 - 7:34human
-
7:34 - 7:40the problem instead is one of context in
the context of a city on fire -
7:40 - 7:46we ought to expect to serious response
from our leaders not a musical one in -
7:46 - 7:51the context of certain activities such
as a courtroom trial religious ceremony -
7:51 - 7:57or classroom we ought to expect a
certain measure of decorum and behavior -
7:57 - 8:02appropriate to such situations at the
very least to prevent their destruction -
8:02 - 8:07and in the context of the vital matters
that must be dealt with within a -
8:07 - 8:13democratic society we ought to expect
some serious discussion and debate as a -
8:13 - 8:15basis for making decisions
-
8:15 - 8:20understanding context is at the core of
postman's message and understanding -
8:20 - 8:26eloquently expressed in ecclesiastes to
everything there is a season and a time -
8:26 - 8:32to every purpose under heaven postman's
argument and is that there's a time for -
8:32 - 8:38amusement and it's time to be serious
and as our media and technology of -
8:38 - 8:42expanded our ability to amuse ourselves
we've lost the ability -
8:42 - 8:47to distinguish between the two and this
blurs the boundaries in favor of -
8:47 - 8:52amusement as a consequence we find
ourselves suffering from too much of a -
8:52 - 8:57good thing we know quite well that too
much of the food that nourishes us leads -
8:57 - 9:03to obesity that too much of the exercise
that strengthens the body can cause it -
9:03 - 9:08damaged that too much of a dose of
medicine that cures disease can be -
9:08 - 9:09deadly
-
9:09 - 9:15the primary value for any ecological
system is balanced and post man -
9:15 - 9:20identified late twentieth-century
American culture as dangerously out of -
9:20 - 9:25balance his reference to death in the
book's title amusing ourselves to death -
9:25 - 9:31was no mere hyperbole but an indication
that our loss of balance had called into -
9:31 - 9:36question the very survival of our
culture of liberal democracy and even of -
9:36 - 9:42humanity as a species so whether the
tune we imagine Nero playing was a -
9:42 - 9:45raucous fire on the mountain
-
9:45 - 9:51rendition of hearts and flowers in the
face of such nihilistic soundtracks we -
9:51 - 9:57might invoke an altogether different
more hopeful musical that of Fiddler on -
9:57 - 10:03the Roof Inn at musical texture the main
character says of himself and his fellow -
10:03 - 10:08villagers that every one of us is a
fiddler on the roof trying to scratch -
10:08 - 10:13out a pleasant simple tune without
breaking his neck and while he goes on -
10:13 - 10:18to sing about tradition the theme of the
play is the need to cope with change -
10:18 - 10:24with modernization in the face of events
that would have otherwise been entirely -
10:24 - 10:29demoralizing disorienting and
destabilizing tradition served as a -
10:29 - 10:32much-needed counterweight again
-
10:32 - 10:37context is essential under other
conditions and unchecked emphasis on -
10:37 - 10:43tradition might lead to a rigid
inflexible culture unable to adapt to -
10:43 - 10:49changing circumstances so context and
balance or two fundamental elements of -
10:49 - 10:54an ecological approach to understanding
media which is to say that they are -
10:54 - 10:55fundamental
-
10:55 - 11:02to the field of media ecology a postman
introduced the phrase media ecology back -
11:02 - 11:09in 1968 defining it as the study of
media as environments and noting that he -
11:09 - 11:13was not inventing the field that it was
already in existence and that he was -
11:13 - 11:18just naming it and to this side at that
the best known most frequently cited -
11:18 - 11:24media ecology scholar would be Marshall
McLuhan and its famous maximum the -
11:24 - 11:29medium is the message can be considered
the first axiom or rather the first -
11:29 - 11:34aphorism of our field to put it
succinctly the medium is the message -
11:34 - 11:41asks us to pay attention to how we do
things because the way that we do things -
11:41 - 11:46as much to do with what we end up doing
and with the results of our actions and -
11:46 - 11:52with who we are and who we become idea
has been expressed in many different -
11:52 - 11:59ways winston churchill said we shape our
buildings there after they shape us and -
11:59 - 12:05the Koolance associate John culkin
expanded that as we shape our tools and -
12:05 - 12:10thereafter they shape us back in the
nineteenth century Henry David Thoreau -
12:10 - 12:17remarked we do not ride on the rail
wrote it rides upon us and Mark Twain -
12:17 - 12:20quipped that when you have a hammer in
your hand everything else looks like it -
12:20 - 12:26now you know my mother was fond of
saying how you make your bad so you -
12:26 - 12:33shall sleep which has its origins as a
15th century French proper course the -
12:33 - 12:38English version is you made your bed go
sleep on it which is more go sleep in it -
12:38 - 12:45which is more judgmental s media logical
but also in the 15th century the English -
12:45 - 12:50rider and pioneering printer William
Caxton published a retailing of Aesop's -
12:50 - 12:55fables that had the first English
version of the same ask a silly question -
12:55 - 13:01get a silly answer and it's a
fundamental idea and media ecology that -
13:01 - 13:07the kinds of questions we ask have quite
a lot to do with the kinds of answers -
13:07 - 13:08that we obtain
-
13:08 - 13:12pain but you can find this idea in the
Bible as well in the New Testament -
13:12 - 13:18Gospel of Matthew Jesus declares all
that live by the sword shall die by the -
13:18 - 13:24sword and in the hundred fifteen psalm
of David there's a passage about the -
13:24 - 13:30worship of idols that concludes they
that make them she'll be like onto them -
13:30 - 13:37yay everyone that trusteth in while the
basic idea is an ancient 11 of the -
13:37 - 13:42direct sources of inspiration from the
Coons famous saying came from the -
13:42 - 13:48anthropologist Ashley Montegut who wrote
that and I quote in teaching it is the -
13:48 - 13:53method and not the content that is the
message and not Montacute went on to -
13:53 - 13:58declare that the quote that education
quote does not depend upon the -
13:58 - 14:02transmission of knowledge but upon the
manner in which the knowledge is -
14:02 - 14:09transmitted by the teacher so from the
media ecology perspective a teacher's a -
14:09 - 14:13type of medium and the student is the
message or to put it another way the -
14:13 - 14:19relationship between teacher and student
is the medium relationships are media -
14:19 - 14:24and the teacher-student relationship is
the most important medium of education -
14:24 - 14:30of all at this point let me acknowledge
them trying to provide a brief -
14:30 - 14:34explanation of the field of media
ecology but I've already exceeded the -
14:34 - 14:40time limit and given for what's come to
be known as an elevator speech is also -
14:40 - 14:45known as an elevator pitch the concept
is based on the way in which in elevator -
14:45 - 14:50ride shapes our relationships and
discourse given the fact that it's -
14:50 - 14:54characterized by a captive audience a
relatively intimate space in the -
14:54 - 14:59relatively brief duration we might
contrasted then to the ways in which our -
14:59 - 15:04relationships and forms of discourse are
influenced by the characteristics of a -
15:04 - 15:10classroom or a living room or a bar room
we might also note how all of these -
15:10 - 15:15instances differ from the relationships
we enter into and the forms of discourse -
15:15 - 15:20we encounter when we read a book or go
to the movies or you -
15:20 - 15:25use social media as you probably have
noticed I'm using a much broader -
15:25 - 15:31definition of the terms media and medium
and scholars in other fields use it -
15:31 - 15:37incorporates all of the ways in which we
communicate that means and methods we -
15:37 - 15:42use the many modes and codes of
communication available to us the -
15:42 - 15:48situations and spaces the contacts and
relationships all of the ways in which -
15:48 - 15:54we mediate between each other and with
our environment and this includes all -
15:54 - 16:00manner of technology and technique not
just those associated with communication -
16:00 - 16:06but communication is a particular focus
because it's central to the human -
16:06 - 16:08condition
-
16:08 - 16:11language and simple uses what
distinguishes us from other species -
16:11 - 16:17giving us what Alfred Krzyzewski
referred to as the capacity for time -
16:17 - 16:21finding for preserving knowledge
transmitting it to future generations -
16:21 - 16:28and evaluating what we know in order to
make progress so media ecology -
16:28 - 16:33scholarship's are often concerned with
the differences that distinguish one -
16:33 - 16:37medium or form of communication from
another which in turn means that -
16:37 - 16:42different media affect us in different
ways as the influence and shape the way -
16:42 - 16:49that we think he'll act use our senses
organize ourselves collectively and -
16:49 - 16:54create and maintain cultural
continuities this means that the -
16:54 - 16:59introduction of a new medium can have
profound effects on individuals and -
16:59 - 17:06societies and that's because media
constitute environments that shape and -
17:06 - 17:10influence us in the same way that
biological and geological environments -
17:10 - 17:18shape and influence organisms and
species it follows that media ecology is -
17:18 - 17:22concerned with the process of change
when you introduce a change into an -
17:22 - 17:28interdependent system its effects can
give rise to secondary effects and those -
17:28 - 17:33two church sure you effects and so on
through many generations of interactive -
17:33 - 17:38facts that's why we understand that the
introduction of a new medium has an -
17:38 - 17:44ecological effect not simply added to
the old system plus the new medium but -
17:44 - 17:49transformative resulting in a change to
the entire system throughout the entire -
17:49 - 17:54system and because of the complexity of
ecological strange we should understand -
17:54 - 17:59that some of the effects will be
unanticipated on an unpredictable that -
17:59 - 18:04we'll never know for certain all of the
consequences of any given innovation -
18:04 - 18:08this means there'll always be negative
effects that accompanied the positive -
18:08 - 18:14effects that every benefit will come
with a cost and it may well be that the -
18:14 - 18:19benefit is worth the cost but does it
really make sense to buy into an -
18:19 - 18:25innovation without first looking at the
price tag the old sales slogan buy now -
18:25 - 18:31pay later pretty much sum saw our
contemporary approach to technology and -
18:31 - 18:36much like buying on credit we never
really know how much will pay for our -
18:36 - 18:39purchases in the end
-
18:39 - 18:44given the concern with change media
ecology provides us with the way to -
18:44 - 18:46understand human history
-
18:46 - 18:51simply put language and speech are basic
to the human condition -
18:51 - 18:57systems of notation and especially
writing systems are intimately connected -
18:57 - 19:02to the transition from tribal societies
to more complex forms of social -
19:02 - 19:10organization cities kingdoms and empires
alphabetic writing and particulars what -
19:10 - 19:15gives Western culture what gave Western
culture its distinctive characteristics -
19:15 - 19:21the invention of the printing press with
movable type is closely associated with -
19:21 - 19:27the shift from the medieval to the
modern era in Europe and the electronic -
19:27 - 19:33media brought the modern era to a close
moving us into a new era some refer to -
19:33 - 19:39as postmodern of course the spells the
end not only of modernity but of almost -
19:39 - 19:454,000 years of alphabetic culture and
that's why mcluhan once pointed out -
19:45 - 19:46pointed to a TV set
-
19:46 - 19:52and he said the following this is from
one of his biographies quoting do you -
19:52 - 19:58really want to know what I think that
thing if you want to save one shred of -
19:58 - 20:03her breakup greco-roman Medieval
Renaissance enlightenment modern Western -
20:03 - 20:11civilization you'd better get an ax and
smash all the sex is being a bit extreme -
20:11 - 20:17you might say hi and even postman who
was often labeled and died would agree -
20:17 - 20:22but the important point is that all the
benefits that we've gained from our -
20:22 - 20:27electronic media come with the cost we
need to know what the cost has been and -
20:27 - 20:32what it yet might be so we can start by
noting that the first form of alphabetic -
20:32 - 20:39writing the Semitic alpha put it as used
by the ancient Israelites went along -
20:39 - 20:44with the introduction of monotheism and
religion based on a sacred texts with -
20:44 - 20:49the first historical narrative in the
first system of codified law and what -
20:49 - 20:53went with it was a generalized
conception of justice and human rights -
20:53 - 20:58and this was followed by the Greek
alphabet which made possible rhetoric -
20:58 - 21:04and philosophy theater and theoretical
science the first monetary system in the -
21:04 - 21:10first form of democratic government the
shift from a reality to literacy vastly -
21:10 - 21:16increased our capacity for time binding
opening the door to significant progress -
21:16 - 21:23in all aspects of human life now the
printing press amplified the impact of -
21:23 - 21:28the written word well introd introducing
new effects of its own so given the fact -
21:28 - 21:33that Villanova is an Augustinian
University you no doubt are thoroughly -
21:33 - 21:40familiar with the confessions and what
augustine says about the reading habits -
21:40 - 21:46of British Bishop Ambrose but just in
case you slipped slipped your mind let -
21:46 - 21:54me remind you quote from it when he was
reading his I glided over the pages and -
21:54 - 21:59his heart searched out the sense but his
voice -
21:59 - 22:06tongue where I rest we see the fact was
that silent reading was greeted with -
22:06 - 22:13incredible astonishment and it's an
indication that reading out loud was all -
22:13 - 22:18that people knew about for the almost
entirely until the advent of the -
22:18 - 22:25printing is highly legible typefaces
which made the process of decoding taxed -
22:25 - 22:31easier and faster print media also
amplified the written words biased -
22:31 - 22:36towards individualism and Privacy Act of
reading and writing especially when it's -
22:36 - 22:42silent requires a high degree of social
isolation as opposed to speaking and -
22:42 - 22:48listening which is a collective group
centered activity printing increased -
22:48 - 22:53access to information dramatically
leading to a knowledge explosion as well -
22:53 - 22:59as increased specialization and
standardization and easy access to the -
22:59 - 23:05accumulated knowledge of centuries past
facilitated scholar ship it spyridon -
23:05 - 23:09research and it led to the rise of
modern science and with it what became -
23:09 - 23:14known as the age of reason the
Enlightenment and printing created a -
23:14 - 23:20reading public which constitutes the
basis of democracy increased access to -
23:20 - 23:25political information made it hard to
argue that individuals don't know enough -
23:25 - 23:30to govern themselves so the breaking of
the state's monopoly of knowledge -
23:30 - 23:35resulted in the democratic revolutions
of the modern era as Thomas Carlyle Road -
23:35 - 23:41in the nineteenth century he who first
shorten the labor of copyist spy device -
23:41 - 23:48of movable types was disbanding hired
armies and cashiering most kings and -
23:48 - 23:55senate's and creating a whole new
democratic world I wish I could do in -
23:55 - 24:00English accent is that's really what
that requires but printing also fostered -
24:00 - 24:07it did foster centralized political
economic and social control and the -
24:07 - 24:09building of colonial empires
-
24:09 - 24:13it also made possible the Enlightenment
ideals of political emancipation -
24:13 - 24:19self-determination equality before the
law along with a new emphasis on -
24:19 - 24:27individualism rationalism and scientific
method so out of the typographic media -
24:27 - 24:31environment come we came the
Enlightenment and out of the -
24:31 - 24:36Enlightenment result we have resulted in
the creation of the American republic -
24:36 - 24:41which is the first nation to be founded
on the basis of a reason -
24:41 - 24:48logical argument has put forth in the
Declaration of Independence now the 18th -
24:48 - 24:52century media environment was one in
which the spoken and written word -
24:52 - 24:56achieved a fruitful but a delicate
balance which is why they're given -
24:56 - 25:02special protection in the first
amendment freedom of speech freedom of -
25:02 - 25:07the press so what happened to public
discourse over the past century and a -
25:07 - 25:14half but we could boil it down to three
factors the first involves images from -
25:14 - 25:18the invention of photography to
subsequent developments and graphics -
25:18 - 25:26film television and video we do take it
into an image culture one in which -
25:26 - 25:32images have replaced and displaced words
as the philosopher Susanne Langer as -
25:32 - 25:37explained images do not make claims they
don't make arguments they don't put -
25:37 - 25:43forth statements or propositions if I
say that it's raining outside right now -
25:43 - 25:49you can look out there and determine
whether that's true or false you can -
25:49 - 25:55gather the evidence and image if I show
an image though what is it it's a -
25:55 - 26:01concrete representation if I show you a
picture of a ring of rain out there it's -
26:01 - 26:07neither true nor false it can be used as
evidence but it makes no claim about -
26:07 - 26:08anything
-
26:08 - 26:12a picture can be tampered with it can be
airbrushed photoshopped but it's not a -
26:12 - 26:18fake until it's attached to a statement
the bias of the image as a symbolic form -
26:18 - 26:22favors gut feelings over rap
-
26:22 - 26:28coherent organization of ideas it evokes
emotional reactions rather than rational -
26:28 - 26:34thought that's the first factor the
second is information and the problem is -
26:34 - 26:39that our capacity to transmit and store
information has continued to expand over -
26:39 - 26:46the past two centuries so that we find
ourselves in a time of TMI too much -
26:46 - 26:52information otherwise known as
information overload media professionals -
26:52 - 26:57are well aware of the problem of cutting
through all the noise and clutter but -
26:57 - 27:02for audiences the problem is making
sense of so much stimuli evaluating the -
27:02 - 27:08messages determining what small amount
of them is really relevant to us and -
27:08 - 27:15what small amount of those are
actionable the third factor is immediacy -
27:15 - 27:20beginning with the Telegraph electricity
made instantaneous transmission of -
27:20 - 27:25messages possible this contributes to
information overload and incoherence -
27:25 - 27:30there's no time to sort things out
especially as the acceleration of -
27:30 - 27:36communication favors rapid turnover
against any type of contextualization -
27:36 - 27:41and speed gives us an abbreviated form
of discourse the sort we associate with -
27:41 - 27:47the telegram the newspaper headline the
advertising slogan more recently the -
27:47 - 27:53text message status update in tweet
contemporary critics such as Nicholas -
27:53 - 27:57Carr know that there's a significant
amount of reading the takes place online -
27:57 - 28:02but it's not that deep reading
associated with print culture instead -
28:02 - 28:07it's a kind of rapid scanning and
skimming accompanied by a good deal of -
28:07 - 28:13linking and clicking speed also places a
new emphasis on efficiency which is -
28:13 - 28:18essentially a numbers game based on
measurement and statistical analysis and -
28:18 - 28:23in this sense the balance between the
spoken and written word comes under -
28:23 - 28:29assault from another direction in the
form of counting and calculation were -
28:29 - 28:34caught then between two extremes of
image and number of the irrational -
28:34 - 28:39and the hyper rational so images
information and immediacy come together -
28:39 - 28:45as never before with the medium of
television with television language -
28:45 - 28:50takes a back seat to the image as the
medium allows us to see what is -
28:50 - 28:56happening for ourselves as it is
happening the verbal report is no longer -
28:56 - 29:00the main source of information as it was
previously it -
29:00 - 29:06newspaper reports and even with radio
but now the purple report is reduced to -
29:06 - 29:12commentary coming after the fact of the
live image the difference between a -
29:12 - 29:16televised experience in the report can
be seen especially in the sports program -
29:16 - 29:22as Walter on pointed out the voice on a
live television sports broadcast lags -
29:22 - 29:28behind the audience's perceptions on
also argues the sense of immediacy is -
29:28 - 29:34central to the television forum I quote
not all television presentations are -
29:34 - 29:41simultaneous with reality but in a way
to pull television presentation seem to -
29:41 - 29:47be the fact that the instrument is
capable of such presentations defines -
29:47 - 29:53its impact so whereas for example the
motion picture always communicates in -
29:53 - 29:58the past and it's always something that
has happened already -
29:58 - 30:04the television broadcast communicates in
the present tense instilling in a very -
30:04 - 30:11strong form of present mindedness now
over the three decades that followed the -
30:11 - 30:16publication of amusing ourselves to
death Tirmidhi environment has evolved -
30:16 - 30:20through the vast expansion of the cable
and satellite and through the -
30:20 - 30:24popularization of the internet the
introduction of the web social media -
30:24 - 30:30media mobile technology and some had
hoped that our new media would counter -
30:30 - 30:35the negative effects of television but I
want to suggest that in many ways they -
30:35 - 30:42have much in common and as further
elaborations of electronic media but -
30:42 - 30:47let's consider our longest running
reality -
30:47 - 30:52shun series you know the one that with
the slogan that goes outwit outplay -
30:52 - 31:00outlast you know that one if you think
I'm referring to survivor the mistakes -
31:00 - 31:04understandable when actually referring
to could be called who wants to be the -
31:04 - 31:08president it's easy to confuse the two
-
31:08 - 31:15both conclude with all but one player
being voted off the island and when so -
31:15 - 31:19much of our political campaigning is
played out on television is it any -
31:19 - 31:24wonder that the host of another reality
series The Apprentice could be our next -
31:24 - 31:28president this is despite the fact that
donald Trump has no government -
31:28 - 31:34experience offers platitudes in the
place of campaign platform and is not by -
31:34 - 31:40any traditional standards eloquence or
even all that coherent but he has a -
31:40 - 31:46decade of experience hosting The
Apprentice and long before that can -
31:46 - 31:52spent considerable time and effort on
publicity and self-promotion simply put -
31:52 - 32:00he knows and much like ronald reagan our
movie star turn president from the -
32:00 - 32:07eighties donald Trump knows how to look
into look into the camera how to talk to -
32:07 - 32:12the viewers he knows what works and what
doesn't work on the television screen -
32:12 - 32:16and this more than anything is the
reason for his early success in the -
32:16 - 32:22polls along with a certain ability to
use new media it's not to say that being -
32:22 - 32:27telegenic will guarantee victory but it
is to say that anyone who's not very -
32:27 - 32:30telegenic will pretty much go down in
defeat -
32:30 - 32:36regardless of their qualifications and
this includes this now incorporates the -
32:36 - 32:43use of new media and you can think back
to 2008 and the Obama girl YouTube video -
32:43 - 32:49and the way that Obama and now Trump has
very effectively used interacted with -
32:49 - 32:53campaign supporters through Twitter now
it may be hard to believe nowadays but -
32:53 - 32:57that was a time when appearing on an
entertainer -
32:57 - 33:01program was considered beneath the
dignity of apollo of a serious -
33:01 - 33:06politician really now it's a part of
every candidate's campaign strategy -
33:06 - 33:12fred thompson deter fred thompson just
passed away and it's worth noting in -
33:12 - 33:192008 fred thompson whose previous career
was a film and television actor went on -
33:19 - 33:24The Tonight Show with Jay Leno to
declare his candidacy for the president -
33:24 - 33:28and he wasn't the first candidate to go
that route but he did this instead of -
33:28 - 33:35participating in the Republican primary
debate being held that same night as a -
33:35 - 33:38veteran of the big and small screen he
knew that a late night entertainment -
33:38 - 33:44program hosted by comedian would provide
him with a much better platform for -
33:44 - 33:49launching his campaign than discussing
issues with other politicians and who -
33:49 - 33:53can blame them it's simply a matter of
choosing which of two forms of -
33:53 - 33:57television programming he should go with
and selecting the one that has the -
33:57 - 34:03bigger audience in our current election
cycle being a guest on late night talk -
34:03 - 34:03shows
-
34:03 - 34:08has become a routine for candidates as
routine as taking part in debates and -
34:08 - 34:14running political commercials and once
the election is over image politics -
34:14 - 34:19persists as part and parcel of governing
promoting policies and political -
34:19 - 34:25advocacy he's back in March of last year
President Obama appeared on the comedy -
34:25 - 34:31program hosted by Zach Galifianakis
right between two ferns and his -
34:31 - 34:36motivation was to urge young adults to
sign up for health care there's no -
34:36 - 34:41question that that program was highly
entertaining whole areas there's no -
34:41 - 34:46question that he was able to reach his
target audience the question now is -
34:46 - 34:50whether the message he was trying to
convey got through it all or whether it -
34:50 - 34:55was lost in the context of comedy in
stark has and the overarching question -
34:55 - 35:01is whether the learning of entertainment
and politics makes it all possible to -
35:01 - 35:08engage in the serious discourse that's
vital to our democracy you know thirty -
35:08 - 35:09years ago
-
35:09 - 35:13broadcast journalists working on network
news complain that they had less than -
35:13 - 35:18half an hour to report on the day's
events they couldn't help but be much -
35:18 - 35:22more than the headline service so now we
have cable news channels with 24 hour -
35:22 - 35:27news cycles and we find that the
coverage is not that much different as -
35:27 - 35:32it turns out most people to an end to
cable stations news stations only for a -
35:32 - 35:37limited time so rather than lose viewers
they tend to provide repetition in place -
35:37 - 35:37of death
-
35:37 - 35:42the news stories are also kept short out
of concern of losing the audience's -
35:42 - 35:49attention and essentially essentially
Fox News CNN and Ms MSNBC of all -
35:49 - 35:55discovered they can build larger
audiences by providing more entertaining -
35:55 - 36:00programming emphasizing dramatic
confrontations confrontations that -
36:00 - 36:06resemble not so much sort of pro and con
newspaper op-eds but more like -
36:06 - 36:12confrontations we see on televised
professional wrestling programs the old -
36:12 - 36:18adage in TV news was if it bleeds it
leads and that perfectly sums up the -
36:18 - 36:22fact that decisions on what stories to
report how much time to devote them and -
36:22 - 36:27where to place them in the broadcast are
heavily influenced by the presence or -
36:27 - 36:32absence of compelling footage and this
trend has been greatly amplified by the -
36:32 - 36:37availability of video recorded by
smartphones dashboard cameras -
36:37 - 36:43surveillance video and the like we find
that the caught on camera genre has -
36:43 - 36:49become a new kind of news program one
whose only rationale is 2% entertaining -
36:49 - 36:54video to attract audiences in this way
journalism is reduced to a spinoff of -
36:54 - 37:00America's Funniest Home Videos but why
not after all -
37:00 - 37:05television news programs are called
shows their show business they have -
37:05 - 37:08theme music is music
-
37:08 - 37:15theme music for the newscasters wear
makeup they had their hair styled their -
37:15 - 37:20costumes appropriately they become
celebrities they appear on talk shows -
37:20 - 37:24the appear in fictional movies and TV
episodes -
37:24 - 37:29blurring the line between fiction and
nonfiction you know many viewers -
37:29 - 37:35lamented the loss of Brian Williams
whose main qualification as anchor the -
37:35 - 37:40NBC News was the fact that he looked and
sounded like a traditional network -
37:40 - 37:47anchor and acclaimed TV critic marvin
kitman refer to Williams is Brian the -
37:47 - 37:52mediocre and he called it described him
as someone a quote -
37:52 - 37:56who came across as a nice guy always
well-dressed but more of an actor / -
37:56 - 38:03model playing a newsman course it didn't
matter much by that time who took over -
38:03 - 38:07the anchor's chair cuz it was led by
that time was longer observed that most -
38:07 - 38:12young adults have been getting their
news from the monologues of late night -
38:12 - 38:17talk shows from Jay Leno and David
Letterman at the time you know Walter -
38:17 - 38:24Cronkite who anchored the CBS Evening
News from 6281 was commonly referred to -
38:24 - 38:30as the most trusted man in America but
if anyone could claim that title in -
38:30 - 38:34recent years I think it would be Jon
Stewart host of The Comedy Central cable -
38:34 - 38:40program The Daily Show and of course
Stewart like leno letterman in others as -
38:40 - 38:45a comedian not a journalist which you
know certain got to ask if so many -
38:45 - 38:50people get their news from comedians
that mean the journalism has become a -
38:50 - 38:55joke and I think it's particularly
telling that when Stewart announced that -
38:55 - 38:59he was leaving the Daily Show earlier
this year you know who want to the name -
38:59 - 39:07was mentioned about who might take over
forum Brian Williams I should add that -
39:07 - 39:12it's not at all clear that new media
provide an adequate substitute Twitter -
39:12 - 39:16simply gives us a new form of
telegraphic discourse while YouTube -
39:16 - 39:22Instagram our new manifestations of
image culture the internet contributes -
39:22 - 39:27in a major way to information overload
and does not provide a forum for shared -
39:27 - 39:32a shared forum for discussion and
deliberation really what it does is it -
39:32 - 39:38situates us in isolated silos that
intensify the divisions in american -
39:38 - 39:39society
-
39:39 - 39:46offer contrast the recent visit of Pope
Francis to the united states right the -
39:46 - 39:51leader of the Roman Catholic Church is a
serious individual who communicates a -
39:51 - 39:57strong sense of dignity compassion and
moral authority he's not someone who was -
39:57 - 40:03chosen because of his ability to perform
for the television camera or to share or -
40:03 - 40:09his willingness to share personal
details via social media he's not a -
40:09 - 40:14celebrity not an entertainer and I want
to tell you that I personally was very -
40:14 - 40:20moved by the Interfaith service that he
led at the 911 memorial back in -
40:20 - 40:26September but I have to confess that I
watched it on CNN was sitting on the -
40:26 - 40:33couch in the living room wearing pyjamas
sipping coffee and eating a bagel and -
40:33 - 40:37when it was over I change the channel
-
40:37 - 40:43how different then was that experience
from watching appointment moving on HBO -
40:43 - 40:49what happens to religious experience
when it becomes televised or tweeted or -
40:49 - 40:55Instagram as Walter on the explains
sound is intimately connected to our -
40:55 - 40:59sense of the sacred the human voice
-
40:59 - 41:04the most distinct and unique element of
the human person is produced by breath -
41:04 - 41:10which is closely associated with life
itself in hebrew the words for breath -
41:10 - 41:17and winds are synonymous with spirit and
soul both human and divine it is worth -
41:17 - 41:22asking therefore if it makes a
difference if the voices heard in song -
41:22 - 41:29and prayer are breathless in a sense of
being electronically disembodied the -
41:29 - 41:34problem is always as one of context
participating in a religious ritual -
41:34 - 41:39Lisa sauce in a special context that's
different from all about context it -
41:39 - 41:44situates us in the distinct media
environment one that asks us to play -
41:44 - 41:50different roles and play by different
sets of rules whether the location is a -
41:50 - 41:56church a synagogue temple or mosque or
outdoors religious experiences Mirchi -
41:56 - 42:02Aliotti explains is characterized by a
sense of sacred space and sacred time -
42:02 - 42:09separate and distinct from profane space
and time into the deep meaning of -
42:09 - 42:15sanctification and consecration traced
back to the Hebrew word Kadosh is to set -
42:15 - 42:21up heart to differentiate so what
happens to our sense of sacred space and -
42:21 - 42:27time when congregants in the pews here a
cell phone ringing receive text messages -
42:27 - 42:34or even stop to answer them our
experience of the sacred is associated -
42:34 - 42:41with the still small voice of God as
described in the Bible with quiet and -
42:41 - 42:47silenced many religions incorporate some
form of silent prayer in their worship -
42:47 - 42:54services and silences in to grow to
contemplation and meditation during the -
42:54 - 42:5920th century especially in the aftermath
of the second world war there was quite -
42:59 - 43:05a bit of discussion about concerning
what was referred to as God's silence -
43:05 - 43:11and on suggested that it may not be so
much that God is stop start speaking to -
43:11 - 43:16us as it is that our electronic media
generates so much noise that we've -
43:16 - 43:22drowned out that still small voice now
whether religious spiritual experiences -
43:22 - 43:27conceived of as communion with something
greater than ourselves whether it's a -
43:27 - 43:32personal day D or transcendent
understanding of the universe whether -
43:32 - 43:37it's just a matter of an inner journey a
soul-searching sort simply an effort to -
43:37 - 43:43better understand our own minds and
consciousness the loss of silence in the -
43:43 - 43:45constant deluge
-
43:45 - 43:50of distractions can be nothing short of
devastating to our collective spiritual -
43:50 - 43:56health as well as our prospects for
cultural survival now when it comes to -
43:56 - 44:00education schooling has always been
about learning to read and write -
44:00 - 44:05television in the electronic media offer
us a different and incompatible -
44:05 - 44:10curriculum and so it's worth asking if
it's in the best interests of young -
44:10 - 44:15children to spend time playing with
tablets and smartphones and watching -
44:15 - 44:23programs such as Teletubbies poop and Yo
Gabba Gabba you know cable television is -
44:23 - 44:28given a specialized educational
programming via the National Geographic -
44:28 - 44:32Channel The History Channel the
Discovery Channel this is private -
44:32 - 44:38provided a wonderful avenue for the
dissemination of documentaries but what -
44:38 - 44:44audiences are specially drawn to our
programs such as moonshiners ancient -
44:44 - 44:54aliens UFO files and then Estrada mass
effect on the Animal Planet channel two -
44:54 - 45:02specials entitled mermaids the body
found and mermaids the new evidence he -
45:02 - 45:06gave the cable outlet its highest
ratings in its seventeen year history -
45:06 - 45:12and these fake documentaries were
assumed to be real by many so many -
45:12 - 45:18viewers so many viewers that they
prompted the National Oceanic and -
45:18 - 45:23Atmospheric Administration to issue an
official statement stating that mermaids -
45:23 - 45:33do not actually exist it's almost too
easy it's just too easy but I'll do to -
45:33 - 45:38mention the learning channel TLC which
achieved its highest ratings by turning -
45:38 - 45:45to reality programs such as toddlers in
tiaras and its notorious spinoff here -
45:45 - 45:52comes honey boo boo you know the most
recent fad in higher education has been -
45:52 - 45:56the massive open online course
abbreviated as much -
45:56 - 46:02a move can contain as many as 100,000
students that raises the question of in -
46:02 - 46:08what census muka course what sense is
the instructor really teaching it's -
46:08 - 46:15revealing I believe that the acronym
move is a variation on other new media -
46:15 - 46:24terms such as mmm RPG that stands for a
massive multiplayer online role-playing -
46:24 - 46:29game in other words the primary
connection is with gaming not schooling -
46:29 - 46:34and came in can be educational but the
question is can learning be reduced to a -
46:34 - 46:42game or are we talking about grand theft
education well as another in variation -
46:42 - 46:47on the inside that the medium is the
message Hannah Arendt insisted that I -
46:47 - 46:55quote there are no dangerous thoughts
thinking itself is dangerous so the -
46:55 - 47:00question we're left with is to all of
our amazing new media technologies allow -
47:00 - 47:06us the space in the time to pause and
reflect and think things over here is -
47:06 - 47:11our ability to think drowned out in a
flood of images and noise and pushed -
47:11 - 47:16aside in favor of calculation and
automation at this point you might -
47:16 - 47:21imagine that if we could travel back in
time and show benjamin Franklin how -
47:21 - 47:26things turned out he might have put his
kite back in his closet and not ventured -
47:26 - 47:32out into that thunderstorm to unleash
the power of electricity but I think -
47:32 - 47:37it's more likely that he would have sat
down to write up some ideas about how we -
47:37 - 47:42might still be able to keep our republic
what we would have to do to counter the -
47:42 - 47:47bias ease of the brave new world his
discovery would unleash it would begin -
47:47 - 47:54with something along the lines of McCune
statement mcluhan wrote there is no -
47:54 - 47:59inevitability as long as there is a
willingness to contemplate what is -
47:59 - 48:06happening with you see contemplating the
contemporary media environment is one of -
48:06 - 48:09the main purposes of media
-
48:09 - 48:14ecology scholarship and as for postin he
was well aware of the flaws and failures -
48:14 - 48:20of american society but as a proponent
of Enlightenment ideals he believed in -
48:20 - 48:25its promise and potential to do agree he
would agree with abraham Lincoln's -
48:25 - 48:30characterization of the American
experiment is the last best hope on -
48:30 - 48:36earth but it also echo lincoln's
concerned about a nation so on happily -
48:36 - 48:42distracted but now it's not the horror
of civil war that has sidetracked us -
48:42 - 48:47rather we find ourselves diverted from a
higher calling but a constant stream of -
48:47 - 48:53entertainment information and innovation
post comments argument speak to the -
48:53 - 48:58future of humanity in its entirety
especially in this era of convergence -
48:58 - 49:03and globalization and again it comes
down to the question can we think and -
49:03 - 49:09can we talk about what we're doing and
where we're going we live in the midst -
49:09 - 49:14of a temp this by which I refer to the
turbulent nature of the electronic media -
49:14 - 49:21environment as it's a digital
technologies wave after wave of changes -
49:21 - 49:26to our mode of communication and
interaction or tools for thought and -
49:26 - 49:32social action have altered and continue
to alter our societies and cultures as -
49:32 - 49:37well as our psyches and ourselves as
human beings we are certainly well -
49:37 - 49:43equipped to survive a passing storm but
it's far from clear whether we can build -
49:43 - 49:49a sustainable way of life in the midst
of permanent upheaval be a natural or -
49:49 - 49:54cultural how are we to survive while
keeping our humanity intact that's the -
49:54 - 49:59fundamental question raised by postman
and by the field of inquiry he called -
49:59 - 50:04media ecology now there's no turning
back the clock no point in arguing that -
50:04 - 50:09we abandon our media and technology and
try to retrieve an earlier age or less -
50:09 - 50:16advanced way of life nor does it make
sense to deny that there are legitimate -
50:16 - 50:19benefits that are inventions have
brought us what we need to do -
50:19 - 50:24then is to engage in concerted
evaluation of what we're doing how we go -
50:24 - 50:29about doing it to carefully weigh the
costs and benefits of our technologies -
50:29 - 50:35to consider what are the appropriate
uses of our media and what uses might be -
50:35 - 50:41inappropriate to proceed with caution
understanding that our innovations will -
50:41 - 50:45always result in unanticipated affects
many of them -
50:45 - 50:50undesirable and to provide just a few
practical suggestions we need to -
50:50 - 50:56strengthen our commitment to the spoken
word to conversation public speaking and -
50:56 - 51:02oral performance and reading out land as
well we need to place greater emphasis -
51:02 - 51:07on the written word on literacy and the
practice of deep and sustained reading -
51:07 - 51:14that requires significant periods of
quiet time at which takes effort so one -
51:14 - 51:19example is the pioneering efforts of the
movement to observe a weekly technology -
51:19 - 51:24sabbath write a day when you turn
everything off -
51:24 - 51:28ultimately though what's needed is
cultural change and that ought to -
51:28 - 51:32include strengthening the four
cornerstones of the American American -
51:32 - 51:38experiment all of which were products of
literate culture and the typographic -
51:38 - 51:43media environment that is democratic
politics a free press -
51:43 - 51:51religion and schooling as Shakespeare's
play The Tempest includes the line 0 -
51:51 - 51:55brave new world that has such people in
it and that's where huxley took the -
51:55 - 52:01title of his prophetic novel
shakespeare's main character prospero is -
52:01 - 52:07a powerful sorcerer living in exile and
like prospero we possessed extraordinary -
52:07 - 52:11powers through the use of media and
technologies that are nothing short of -
52:11 - 52:18magical shakespeare concludes his play
with prospero finally willing to give up -
52:18 - 52:24his sorcery in order to embrace the
world of rationality and reconciliation -
52:24 - 52:30with family and community can we do the
same perhaps not entirely abandoning or -
52:30 - 52:32gifts but being mindful of their
contacts -
52:32 - 52:39and our need for balance to once again
invoke ecclesiastes there is a time to -
52:39 - 52:45weep and a time to laugh at time to
mourn and a time to dance time to -
52:45 - 52:51embrace and a time to refrain from
embracing a time to keep silent and a -
52:51 - 52:58time to speak but promised that the
electronic media environment we inhabit -
52:58 - 53:06in that environment the time is always a
uniform 24 7 365 and the season never -
53:06 - 53:11changes so can we make the time and can
we create what mcluhan referred to as -
53:11 - 53:17counter environments safe spaces where
the biases of the electronic media to -
53:17 - 53:24not hold sway such as can be found in
sanctuaries and sacred spaces in schools -
53:24 - 53:30classrooms and sites devoted to art and
creative expression against the fact -
53:30 - 53:35that we've been fiddling around as we
are amusing in forming an amazing -
53:35 - 53:42ourselves to death can we find the means
the method the way to start speaking and -
53:42 - 53:48thinking and teaching ourselves back to
life that's the question I leave you -
53:48 - 54:36with thank you very much
-
54:36 - 54:49well I think that when you talk about
journalist says as people some are some -
54:49 - 54:55of them are are very much on the side of
cultural change some of them lament the -
54:55 - 54:57situation
-
54:57 - 55:01postman's book amusing ourselves to
death was one of five books that tom -
55:01 - 55:07brokaw he was the guy who was the anchor
of NBC Nightly News before Brian -
55:07 - 55:12Williams the email listed five books
that every journalist should read and -
55:12 - 55:17amusing ourselves to death was the only
book that wasn't specifically about -
55:17 - 55:24journalism so I and that critique was
very popular among serious journalists -
55:24 - 55:30but you know the problem they face is
that is organizational where they're not -
55:30 - 55:38able to do what they want to do so I
wouldn't put the blame on on journalists -
55:38 - 55:44but I get there is this kind of
technique that goes with the whole -
55:44 - 55:52organization of media industries that
pushes them towards working with the -
55:52 - 55:59bias of the media not against it so I
mean the answer from a democratic point -
55:59 - 56:04of view is it's us we're the ones who
you know I was a Gundy said be the -
56:04 - 56:09change you want to see in the world and
I think you know also echoing post -
56:09 - 56:15minute and others education is very much
a part of it that it starts through -
56:15 - 56:20education it's what we try to do and
what we try to instill in our students -
56:20 - 56:28the you know anyone to hold out some
hope because in some folks take from -
56:28 - 56:32this you know conclude that it is
hopeless I think it's difficult it may -
56:32 - 56:40take something catastrophic to wake
people up but at the very least there's -
56:40 - 56:46the idea of let's preserve something of
you know in the sense of when you have -
56:46 - 56:49dark ages at least let's have some
places -
56:49 - 57:29those where people are still enlightened
and and certainly it starts with schools -
57:29 - 57:36thanks you know I I try I felt like I
was saying I was writing this I felt -
57:36 - 57:42like how many times should I say that
there are benefits and it's i mean but -
57:42 - 57:50and the problem is that the benefits are
clear to people for the most part and -
57:50 - 57:57the problem is recognizing the cost but
certainly access to information can be -
57:57 - 58:05very advantageous and can be with
parading the ability for people to -
58:05 - 58:14organize I think it is a very powerful
benefit of the new media so that people -
58:14 - 58:20who are there's a kind of empowering
people who are on the margins and able -
58:20 - 58:26to to organize themselves for political
action so I mean I think there are -
58:26 - 58:36definite benefits that what you're
asking and it but I think that you know -
58:36 - 58:40again I mean what we find is that people
really to do all those benefits i mean -
58:40 - 58:44you know how many times have you heard
how much access to know how wonderful it -
58:44 - 58:49is that you can say hey Google and get
whatever the answer to any question you -
58:49 - 58:59have everyone knows that that's that's
that's easy you know and I perhaps less -
58:59 - 59:03obvious but I think you know certainly
significant is the fact of people being -
59:03 - 59:08able to connect with one another and
especially for individuals who feel -
59:08 - 59:14isolated from one reason or another that
that's a powerful boon for the problem -
59:14 - 59:18really comes down to how to find that
balance and how to say no because we -
59:18 - 59:22just have this tendency to just keep
going in the same direction and keep -
59:22 - 59:24going and keep going
-
59:24 - 59:31Joseph wise and pound he was the head of
a professor of computing at MIT back in -
59:31 - 59:36the sixties he created one of the first
artificial intelligence programs little -
59:36 - 59:38program called allies
-
59:38 - 59:45mimicked a psycho rosier aryan
psychotherapist and just reflected back -
59:45 - 59:48what people were saying and he found any
thought that this was just like a goof -
59:48 - 59:54and then he found that a lot of people
in this office we're like leave me alone -
59:54 - 60:00I'm talking to allies and and you know
and even worse that the American -
60:00 - 60:06Psychological Association hearing about
this came out with this idea that -
60:06 - 60:11wouldn't it be wonderful if we had
computer kiosks so anyone in need to go -
60:11 - 60:17to one and get psychotherapy and wise
and pound said usually worry we don't -
60:17 - 60:23use too much thought you said just
because we can to something ought we to -
60:23 - 60:30do it right and that's the question we
don't so that's why I mean I think the -
60:30 - 60:36question is what's appropriate what's
the appropriate use and I think that's a -
60:36 - 60:38reasonable question what is appropriate
-
60:38 - 60:42what's not appropriate
-
60:42 - 60:46the other side of it is what's effective
and what's not effective in these two or -
60:46 - 60:51not don't go together because sometimes
what's effective is you know may be good -
60:51 - 61:49for the immediate purpose but not in the
long run so I can see that -
61:49 - 61:58what's appropriate right i mean we all
know the phenomenon of spending all your -
61:58 - 62:04time taking pictures and not experience
what's what's actually going on so I -
62:04 - 62:15mcluhan in particular so are as as
essential and as away as a kind of way -
62:15 - 62:20way to educate ourselves about media
because he believed that he argued that -
62:20 - 62:28media were extensions of our senses art
speaks to our senses and helps us to see -
62:28 - 62:36how are using our senses so this is not
so much about art but you know again we -
62:36 - 62:44wouldn't expect against talk about
democracy for example we wouldn't expect -
62:44 - 62:52that a treaty is negotiated on a week we
don't find the question of how to deal -
62:52 - 62:59with Iran way out of that threw me
through art I mean it's a different it's -
62:59 - 63:04not the appropriate medium or the
appropriate approach to do that sort of -
63:04 - 63:10thing so it's not about art so much as
it is about knowing when it's time for -
63:10 - 63:14art and when it's time for something
else -
63:14 - 63:1522
-
63:15 - 63:49be employed
-
63:49 - 64:01one hand it's just a progression and
it's not that newspapers where three of -
64:01 - 64:07criticism they had their faults as well
but then reading the news and print had -
64:07 - 64:13a different set of biases than seeing it
on television so it's a natural -
64:13 - 64:20progression from nightly news to comedy
programs because they really are about -
64:20 - 64:27eliciting responses gathering audiences
eliciting responses rather than trying -
64:27 - 64:35to arrange things in a coherent and
logical manner so it's all relative so I -
64:35 - 64:43mean compared to what used to be the
nightly news it's it's further sliding -
64:43 - 64:49further downhill but it's not that the
nightly news was that was particularly a -
64:49 - 64:55great way to get news either you know
there was a time when no serious person -
64:55 - 64:59would say that they got their news only
from television if you ever heard of the -
64:59 - 65:05the novel being there by Jerzy Kosinski
the movie they made out of it it was -
65:05 - 65:11like the big joke in the novel was that
this one fellow says I like to watch and -
65:11 - 65:16that people said it's so refreshing to
see someone who says they get their news -
65:16 - 65:19from television actually read it into
the character but I don't know if you if -
65:19 - 65:26you remember or noticed a man who is
this moment when Katie Couric was -
65:26 - 65:29interviewing Sarah Palin and she says
well where do you get your news from -
65:29 - 65:34what newspapers do you read and she
couldn't answer to all I read all of -
65:34 - 65:34them right
-
65:34 - 65:38could tell she was just bullshitting
right i mean that she couldn't answer -
65:38 - 65:46and more recently I forget who was it
someone asked a trump you know what -
65:46 - 65:50who are as military involved Bazar what
does he get his military advice from an -
65:50 - 65:58800 i watch the shows I mean this is a
problem it's also a problem by the way -
65:58 - 66:00as PowerPoint which is also saw the
usual -
66:00 - 66:05medium no supe seriously they found this
a major problem for the military -
66:05 - 66:10that the pentagon there they look at the
power points they don't get the -
66:10 - 66:15explanation and they think they have
that's what people say it's also in -
66:15 - 66:20business they say oh I mister talking I
C you can you know Casey your PowerPoint -
66:20 - 66:31and its abbreviated its visual but they
don't get the context -
66:31 - 66:45condemnation
-
66:45 - 68:00story is the latest version and of
course what can be harder than trying to -
68:00 - 68:07get a young child to sit still I mean it
goes completely against the grain -
68:07 - 68:13you know that's why we have to learning
to read and write is completely -
68:13 - 68:18artificial learning to speak and listen
isn't that's natural to us reading and -
68:18 - 68:23writing is artificial and its fragile
for that great reason to keep trying to -
68:23 - 68:30find ways to make it fun and you know
and get some game applications just the -
68:30 - 68:35latest version of that and the problem
is that with all these attempts to use -
68:35 - 68:40formats whether it's that or sesame
street and posting was an early critic -
68:40 - 68:45of Sesame Street as being all about
advertising formats you know that it -
68:45 - 68:48really was more about that than anything
else -
68:48 - 68:54it teaches that's what it teaches that
you know it's the manner not -
68:54 - 69:00content so it teaches game playing and I
love playing games I spent when I was -
69:00 - 69:05younger I spent many a late night on
computer games in and I still play like -
69:05 - 69:09plants vs zombies and in some of these
other games not angry birds they're -
69:09 - 69:16stupid but you know but they're not that
that's what they teach you they teach -
69:16 - 69:21you how to play games and that's very
different from learning to read and -
69:21 - 69:26write I tell you when I was two years
ago and posting was still alive I was -
69:26 - 69:32teaching and M a class and I had him in
as a guest lecturer he was my mentor or -
69:32 - 69:40and really friends and I wanted to play
devil's advocate so I and my son was -
69:40 - 69:47just a few years old they said you know
he's watching he's watching Sesame -
69:47 - 69:51Street and he's learning letters and
numbers from Sesame Street and postman -
69:51 - 69:57said well you know lance and they're
only 26 letters in the alphabet and -
69:57 - 70:02children have been able to learn this
for thousands of years without the -
70:02 - 70:09benefit of television and that's really
the case so you know i mean it's very -
70:09 - 70:10hard to do
-
70:10 - 70:18education is very hard so you know where
we love to look for technologies to try -
70:18 - 70:24to make it easyer but in the end it's
the teacher and the student that's what -
70:24 - 70:24it comes down to
- Title:
- Fatal Amusements: Contemplating the Tempest of Contemporary Media and American Culture
- Description:
-
Dr. Lance Strate, Harron Family Chair in Communication Public Lecture: 11/3
Dr. Lance Strate presents a lecture entitled: Fatal Amusements: Contemplating the Tempest of Contemporary Media and American Culture What will be the fate of American culture in the 21st century? What are the prospects for survival in the face on an ongoing onslaught of technological innovation that has mutated our forms of public communication and discourse? Are we, as Neil Postman warned, amusing ourselves to death, enacting the nightmare vision from Aldous Huxley's dystopian novel, Brave New World? Media ecology, the study of media as environments, offers an approach for making sense out of our current technological maelstrom, and engaging in critical evaluation of our contemporary situation. Drawing on media ecology scholarship, this talk will raise questions about the future of our culture, and the prospects for retaining our humanity in a technological age.
- Video Language:
- English
- Duration:
- 01:10:37
Claude Almansi edited Metadata: Geo subtitles for Fatal Amusements: Contemplating the Tempest of Contemporary Media and American Culture | ||
Claude Almansi edited Metadata: Geo subtitles for Fatal Amusements: Contemplating the Tempest of Contemporary Media and American Culture |