Perl: The Next Generation
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0:02 - 0:04Get my notes ready
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0:04 - 0:07So, uh, part of the theme this year is
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0:07 - 0:10"Perl the Next Generation"
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0:10 - 0:11and what will the next generation of
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0:11 - 0:13Perl people look like?
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0:13 - 0:15And before I can answer that
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0:15 - 0:18I think we first have to answer this:
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0:18 - 0:21"what do we want them to look like?"
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0:21 - 0:22and before we can answer that
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0:22 - 0:25we have to know what we look like right now.
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0:25 - 0:28So — and why.
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0:28 - 0:29So we're going to take a little poll
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0:29 - 0:33So first off please everyone that can stand
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0:33 - 0:34please stand up and if you can't stand up
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0:34 - 0:38just raise your hand.
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0:38 - 0:42A little exercise in the morning.
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0:42 - 0:44Oh God!
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0:44 - 0:46Yeah I've got to stand here for 45 minutes.
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0:46 - 0:47[laughter]
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0:47 - 0:51So this is our control, everyone's that's
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0:51 - 0:52gonna stand up stand up.
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0:52 - 0:55Looks like everyone has stand up, good.
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0:55 - 0:57So, whoever wants to take a picture
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0:57 - 0:59do it right now.
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0:59 - 1:04Now I'd like everyone who does not identify as a guy
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1:04 - 1:08to sit down and put your hand up.
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1:08 - 1:09Now if there's any question:
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1:09 - 1:14your choice, seriously.
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1:14 - 1:18All right, now look around.
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1:18 - 1:20This is the question I want ask you is
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1:20 - 1:23why is this room overwhelmingly full of guys?
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1:23 - 1:28[laughter and applause]
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1:28 - 1:30Why are there?
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1:30 - 1:31I can make a bet that there are probably
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1:31 - 1:36more Michaels here than women.
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1:36 - 1:39It's funny but it's also very sad.
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1:39 - 1:44All right, thanks, have a seat.
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1:44 - 1:47So how can we talk about the next generation
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1:47 - 1:54when this room looks more like my Dad's generation?
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1:54 - 1:57So Perl is — and Open Source in general —
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1:57 - 2:00is overwhelmingly full of guys.
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2:00 - 2:02And why is that?
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2:02 - 2:03And you might think well just because computing
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2:03 - 2:05is in general dominated by guys.
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2:05 - 2:08Or maybe that we're just better at math or something
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2:08 - 2:09because you know Perl programming
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2:09 - 2:12involves a whole lot of math right?
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2:12 - 2:14Or basically that we're just reflecting
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2:14 - 2:16a larger problem that's out of our control.
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2:16 - 2:19But it turns out it's not true.
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2:19 - 2:21There's been some fantastic data on this
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2:21 - 2:24from an organization called FLOSSPOLS.
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2:24 - 2:27Commercial software is about 28% female.
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2:27 - 2:31Open Source is somewhere between 2 and 6.
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2:31 - 2:36Pretty consistently. So, what the hell?
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2:36 - 2:37And we could talk all day about
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2:37 - 2:38the exact numbers
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2:38 - 2:39I really don't do that right now.
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2:39 - 2:40We'd be just be arguing about whether
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2:40 - 2:44it's merely terrible or truly appalling.
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2:44 - 2:47But no matter how you feel about the topic
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2:47 - 2:49there is one conclusion you can draw from this
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2:49 - 2:51without argument or judgement
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2:51 - 2:52which is quite simply that
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2:52 - 2:57Open Source is doing something to lose women.
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2:57 - 2:59And like it or not we have to face that
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2:59 - 3:02and decide what we're going to do about it.
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3:02 - 3:05But honestly this isn't really about women.
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3:05 - 3:09The problem isn't "how do we get more women?"
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3:09 - 3:13or it's not even "why are there so many men?"
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3:13 - 3:16The problem is "why are we so damn homogenous?"
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3:16 - 3:19[laughter and applause]
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3:19 - 3:21And despite knowing that there is a problem
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3:21 - 3:22— I didn't think you people would be so
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3:22 - 3:23chipper in the mornings
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3:23 - 3:25[laughter]
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3:25 - 3:27you're laughing at my jokes —
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3:27 - 3:29and being so concerned about it
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3:29 - 3:30we remain homogenous.
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3:30 - 3:33I came into Perl in 1995.
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3:33 - 3:36I can't do math right now but that was a while ago.
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3:36 - 3:38And we look basically the same as we did then
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3:38 - 3:40maybe a little worse.
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3:40 - 3:44There's more of us but basically it's
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3:44 - 3:46made up of the same type of people.
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3:46 - 3:48Ah and there's so many other points of diversity
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3:48 - 3:50I could go on about besides gender.
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3:50 - 3:53I could talk about race, language, time zone,
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3:53 - 3:56physical ability, economics, education, culture and so on.
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3:56 - 3:58Ah but quite honestly
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3:58 - 4:01gender is so damn obvious that that's what I'm going to use
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4:01 - 4:03and I only have 45 minutes.
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4:03 - 4:06So apologies for not covering all the axes,
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4:06 - 4:08there's a lot of them.
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4:08 - 4:10So, if Perl and Open Source have one thing in common
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4:10 - 4:14it's their belief in the meritocracy
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4:14 - 4:15the idea that you should be judged
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4:15 - 4:16based on your merits
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4:16 - 4:19your code and your contributions
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4:19 - 4:20not on how much money you have
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4:20 - 4:23or say your gender or whatever else.
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4:23 - 4:24It's all about the code, your contributions,
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4:24 - 4:27your work and so on and so forth.
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4:27 - 4:30If we had a healthy meritocracy
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4:30 - 4:33this room would be about 28% women
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4:33 - 4:37matching commercial IT and I'd be talking about something else.
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4:37 - 4:39If we had a healthy meritocracy we'd have
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4:39 - 4:4228% female speakers.
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4:42 - 4:44I had to do some guessing on the gender
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4:44 - 4:47so my apologies if I got anybody wrong.
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4:47 - 4:48If this were a healthy meritocracy
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4:48 - 4:49we would have had at least one female
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4:49 - 4:52[??] by now.
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4:52 - 4:54And it really pains me to say this but
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4:54 - 4:56our meritocracy is broken.
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4:56 - 5:02[applause]
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5:02 - 5:05And like I said this isn't really about women
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5:05 - 5:07this is about us.
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5:07 - 5:11This is about — demographic diversity is the
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5:11 - 5:13canary in the coal mine.
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5:13 - 5:16Gender is simply easy to track.
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5:16 - 5:17It's the most obvious thing in front of our face.
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5:17 - 5:19If gender is out of whack
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5:19 - 5:20if demographic diversity is out of whack
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5:20 - 5:27then there's a good chance that other things are as well.
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5:27 - 5:29And have we optimised ourselves for
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5:29 - 5:32thick-skinned male library developers?
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5:32 - 5:33[laughter]
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5:33 - 5:36And even now beyond that
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5:36 - 5:37if we're doing something to drive away women
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5:37 - 5:40who else are we driving away?
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5:40 - 5:41What other sorts of people?
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5:41 - 5:42What ideas are we losing?
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5:42 - 5:45And what viewpoints and skills?
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5:45 - 5:47So who do we tend to have trouble
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5:47 - 5:48finding in the Perl community?
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5:48 - 5:52And what skills are underrepresented?
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5:52 - 5:56Tech writers, mobile developers, Windows users,
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5:56 - 5:58yeah how often do you need to fix something
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5:58 - 6:01on Windows and you can't find anybody?
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6:01 - 6:03Grant writers, interface designers, community managers,
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6:03 - 6:05GUI developers, new programmers,
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6:05 - 6:06new to Perl programmers,
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6:06 - 6:10conference organizers, graphic designers,
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6:10 - 6:12teachers, trainers
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6:12 - 6:14— my list is cut off at the bottom —
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6:14 - 6:17[flicks pages]
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6:17 - 6:20young folks, old folks,
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6:20 - 6:21marketing people, business people.
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6:21 - 6:24All of these skills are needed
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6:24 - 6:26for a healthy language community.
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6:26 - 6:29And when I talk about growing the Perl community
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6:29 - 6:31I don't mean just more of the same.
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6:31 - 6:34I mean different kinds of people.
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6:34 - 6:35Different ideas, different thoughts,
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6:35 - 6:37different viewpoints.
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6:37 - 6:38So we can adapt and change and grow
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6:38 - 6:40and be healthy as the world around us
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6:40 - 6:43and technology changes.
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6:43 - 6:45If we don't change with it
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6:45 - 6:47we just get left behind.
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6:47 - 6:49So, I don't want to turn this into
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6:49 - 6:51a finger-pointing guilt-fest.
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6:51 - 6:54Because I know when I was kind of struck with all this
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6:54 - 6:55many moons ago
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6:55 - 6:57I you know felt the weight of
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6:57 - 7:00you know white male privilege coming down on me
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7:00 - 7:04or you know not weight, shouldn't go off script,
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7:04 - 7:06[laughter]
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7:06 - 7:09So I believe that the people in this community
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7:09 - 7:13are overwhelmingly good people.
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7:13 - 7:15And I view it as something like this:
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7:15 - 7:19we have a small chunk of loud-mouth assholes
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7:19 - 7:21and a vast majority are good people
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7:21 - 7:22who just kind of want to be left alone to code
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7:22 - 7:24and not think about this stuff.
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7:24 - 7:26And then a small chunk who do want to think
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7:26 - 7:28about this stuff.
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7:28 - 7:32And unfortunately the people in the middle
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7:32 - 7:33sometimes are a little loud
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7:33 - 7:35about how much they don't want
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7:35 - 7:36to think about this stuff.
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7:36 - 7:37And the problem is
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7:37 - 7:38not that we're bad people
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7:38 - 7:39or that we do awful things.
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7:39 - 7:41The problem is that we're so damn alike.
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7:41 - 7:43Back to homogeny.
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7:43 - 7:45That 95% in the middle that's
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7:45 - 7:50primarily male library developers and sysadmins
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7:50 - 7:53who are thick-skinned, socially passive,
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7:53 - 7:55and don't want to hear about community issues.
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7:55 - 8:02[laughter and applause]
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8:02 - 8:07So I'm glad this is going —
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8:07 - 8:09homogeny breeds more homogeny,
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8:09 - 8:11it's inbreeding.
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8:11 - 8:13And unless you do something about it
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8:13 - 8:17it just doesn't go away.
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8:17 - 8:18So it's perfectly natural to want
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8:18 - 8:19to make a community that
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8:19 - 8:21you're comfortable in.
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8:21 - 8:23One that works for you and your friends.
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8:23 - 8:26But if your friends are all like you
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8:26 - 8:27and if the same things make them comfortable
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8:27 - 8:28and uncomfortable
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8:28 - 8:31if you all want the same things
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8:31 - 8:35then you're going to optimise the community for them.
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8:35 - 8:38If you — the more you optimize for you and your friends
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8:38 - 8:39and people like you
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8:39 - 8:41the less it will work for people on the fringes.
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8:41 - 8:43And they will start to leave.
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8:43 - 8:46And they will start to, they will not come back.
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8:46 - 8:48It's very easy to put your head down
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8:48 - 8:51and just write code and not notice
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8:51 - 8:52that their voices and opinions and ideas
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8:52 - 8:55will get quieter and quieter.
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8:55 - 8:57Individuals will come and be made uncomfortable
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8:57 - 8:58and leave.
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8:58 - 8:59And without being able to build up
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8:59 - 9:02enough people to get themselves heard.
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9:02 - 9:05Until one day there's more Michaels than women.
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9:05 - 9:07And we're all just agreeing with each other
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9:07 - 9:09while the rest of the world moves on
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9:09 - 9:13and forgets about us.
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9:13 - 9:18And that is why I think this room is full of white guys.
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9:18 - 9:21[laughter]
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9:21 - 9:25So the women are sick of trying to tell us this
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9:25 - 9:29And it's about time the guys started to deal
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9:29 - 9:30with their own crap.
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9:30 - 9:34And I'm sick of the situation after 17 years in Perl.
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9:34 - 9:35And I'm sick of seeing my friends leave
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9:35 - 9:38or be immediately turned off.
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9:38 - 9:39I'm sick of seeing people told they
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9:39 - 9:41just have to deal with it.
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9:41 - 9:42Or if they don't like it
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9:42 - 9:45they should go start their own group.
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9:45 - 9:49I am really not the best person for the job.
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9:49 - 9:50I've honestly been freaking out about
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9:50 - 9:51this keynote for months.
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9:51 - 9:54And I'm really glad you were laughing.
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9:54 - 9:57[laughter]
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9:57 - 9:58And I'm not the first person to
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9:58 - 10:01come up with anything that I'm going to tell you.
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10:01 - 10:04But I was given the keynote spot
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10:04 - 10:06and this is all too important to ignore.
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10:06 - 10:08And there are so many things that
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10:08 - 10:11I want to talk to you about this subject.
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10:11 - 10:12Systematic discrimination and privilege
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10:12 - 10:16being two huge issues I unfortunately won't be covering
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10:16 - 10:19because I don't have time to do them right.
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10:19 - 10:21So I'm going to do the best I can
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10:21 - 10:24to get the most of you I can
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10:24 - 10:25thinking about the problem
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10:25 - 10:28and deciding if you want to solve it
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10:28 - 10:29and how you're going to solve it.
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10:29 - 10:33Because you are smart people, you're good people
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10:33 - 10:37and you're very good at solving problems.
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10:37 - 10:39But once you understand it's a problem
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10:39 - 10:42and once you decide it's worth solving.
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10:42 - 10:43So I'm also going cover some solutions
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10:43 - 10:46I'm not just going to berate you all day.
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10:46 - 10:48And solutions that we can do as a group
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10:48 - 10:51and that we can do as individuals.
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10:51 - 10:54In order to do that, first I need to bring up
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10:54 - 10:56a really touchy topic,
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10:56 - 10:59one that you probably have very strong feelings about
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10:59 - 11:03and it might divide the community just by bringing it up.
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11:03 - 11:06I am of course referring to Star Trek captains.
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11:06 - 11:10[laughter and scattered applause]
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11:10 - 11:12So, let's take another little poll
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11:12 - 11:15you don't need to stand up this time.
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11:15 - 11:18Raise your hand, you can vote more than once,
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11:18 - 11:19you can raise your hand more than once.
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11:19 - 11:23Raise your hand for Kirk.
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11:23 - 11:24OK.
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11:24 - 11:27Piccard?
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11:27 - 11:29Oh wow, OK, excellent, that's a good sign.
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11:29 - 11:31Uh, Cisco?
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11:31 - 11:33OK, less for Cisco.
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11:33 - 11:36And Janeway?
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11:36 - 11:38OK, and finally Porthos.
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11:38 - 11:42[laughter]
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11:42 - 11:47We know who was really running that ship!
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11:47 - 11:52And let's talk about the two most iconic captains
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11:52 - 11:54Kirk and Piccard.
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11:54 - 11:58Two very different star ship captains, 25 years apart,
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11:58 - 12:01each for a different generation.
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12:01 - 12:04Captain Kirk from the original 60s TV show
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12:04 - 12:06what's Kirk do in a crisis?
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12:06 - 12:10Kirk? Kirk takes action. Kirk gives orders.
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12:10 - 12:13Kirk is decisive. Kirk beams down to the planet.
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12:13 - 12:16Kirk punches the alien, Kirk kisses the girk.
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12:16 - 12:18Kirk, Kirk, Kirk, Kirk, Kirk, Kirk, Kirk.
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12:18 - 12:19It's all about Kirk.
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12:19 - 12:23Maybe he talks to his two best buddies.
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12:23 - 12:25But it's all about Kirk.
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12:25 - 12:34[laughter]
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12:34 - 12:38And that's great for Kirk and Kirk's buddies.
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12:38 - 12:40Now, Captain Piccard, from the early 90s
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12:40 - 12:43Star Trek Next Generation.
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12:43 - 12:45What does Piccard do in a crisis?
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12:45 - 12:49Piccard holds a meeting.
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12:49 - 12:51Piccard gathers his senior staff
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12:51 - 12:53and he gets their opinions.
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12:53 - 12:55Worf wants to fight it.
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12:55 - 12:57Geordi wants to study it.
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12:57 - 12:59Beverley wants to know if it's hurt.
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12:59 - 13:04Riker wants to have sex with it.
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13:04 - 13:07Troi wants to know how you feel about it.
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13:07 - 13:09And Data feels bad because he doesn't have feelings.
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13:09 - 13:12[laughter]
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13:12 - 13:15So Piccard listens to all their different viewpoints
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13:15 - 13:18and only then does he
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13:18 - 13:21[laughter]
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13:21 - 13:23only then does he make an informed decision.
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13:23 - 13:26Now Piccard was given a huge job
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13:26 - 13:28and it was not the Enterprise-D.
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13:28 - 13:32Piccard's job was following 20 years of Kirk.
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13:32 - 13:34Following 20 years of the same thing.
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13:34 - 13:3920 years of one captain, 20 years of one way to do it.
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13:39 - 13:41The Next Generation brought in all of this change.
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13:41 - 13:44How many people watched it, watched Next Generation,
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13:44 - 13:46when it first came on the air?
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13:46 - 13:47OK, good, a good number.
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13:47 - 13:49So you remember like "oh my God
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13:49 - 13:51the bridge looks like the lobby of a Hilton Hotel!"?
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13:51 - 13:53[laughter]
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13:53 - 13:56They have interstellar HR.
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13:56 - 14:01Piccard surrenders the Enterprise in the first episode.
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14:01 - 14:03Aw, why can't the captain just shoot the bad guys
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14:03 - 14:06and kiss the green women, seriously?
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14:06 - 14:08Well, it's all different and complicated
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14:08 - 14:09and that was the point.
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14:09 - 14:1120 years went by and the world was different.
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14:11 - 14:13Things were different and complicated
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14:13 - 14:14but also better.
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14:14 - 14:18Piccard updated Star Trek for a new generation.
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14:18 - 14:23And Piccard introduced Star Trek to a wider audience.
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14:23 - 14:24Come to think of it
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14:24 - 14:27Larry, how old is Perl?
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14:27 - 14:28[inaudible reply]
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14:28 - 14:3120, 25 years old? OK, just checking.
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14:31 - 14:33[laughter]
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14:33 - 14:35No, no reason.
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14:35 - 14:42[laughter]
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14:42 - 14:44So Kirk gave us three seasons.
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14:44 - 14:46And Kirk kicked it all off and that
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14:46 - 14:48and we wouldn't be here without Kirk.
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14:48 - 14:50Piccard, Piccard gave us seven seasons and
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14:50 - 14:54kicked off two more shows with fourteen more.
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14:54 - 15:00So there you go.
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15:00 - 15:06A good segue to talking about why I'm getting old.
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15:06 - 15:09In the finest tradition of Larry's keynotes
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15:09 - 15:12I'm going to talk about my eyes.
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15:12 - 15:16So now I'm getting old you get to hear about the medical issues.
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15:16 - 15:1912 months ago I went to get my eyes checked
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15:19 - 15:21ah the wonderful American healthcare system
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15:21 - 15:23it hadn't happened in a while.
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15:23 - 15:26And I found out I have a blind spot.
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15:26 - 15:28I've lost some of my field of view in my left eye
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15:28 - 15:31to pigmentary glaucoma.
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15:31 - 15:32Now interestingly enough
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15:32 - 15:35I can't see the blind spot
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15:35 - 15:38even after it's been pointed out.
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15:38 - 15:40Which is kind of weird, right?
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15:40 - 15:41I can't even trick myself into seeing it
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15:41 - 15:43it doesn't work.
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15:43 - 15:46My brain tricks me into thinking it's just not there.
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15:46 - 15:48And if my doctor hadn't pointed it out
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15:48 - 15:50I never would have known.
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15:50 - 15:52And I would have inevitably lost all sight
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15:52 - 15:57in my left eye, irreversibly.
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15:57 - 15:59Now I can keep it from getting worse with some eye drops.
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15:59 - 16:01So once it's pointed out and once I know about it
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16:01 - 16:02even though I can't see it
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16:02 - 16:04I believe what my doctor said.
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16:04 - 16:06And I take my medicine.
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16:06 - 16:08It's a good thing I went to an expert
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16:08 - 16:09and it's a good thing I listened to them
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16:09 - 16:12and it's a good thing I did something about it.
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16:12 - 16:14So Perl has a blind spot
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16:14 - 16:19and I feel it's lack of diversity.
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16:19 - 16:24Perl has lost you know, 80, 90% of its field of vision
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16:24 - 16:26it's lost people and their ideas.
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16:26 - 16:27And even after it's been pointed out
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16:27 - 16:31Perl cannot see that blind spot
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16:31 - 16:35because we do not know what we do not know.
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16:35 - 16:37And if we keep going like we've been going
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16:37 - 16:38we never will.
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16:38 - 16:43Now fortunately, unlike my blind spot that's nerve damage
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16:43 - 16:46Perl's blind spot can be fixed.
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16:46 - 16:48But if and only if we do something about it.
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16:48 - 16:50Because I can tell you if we do nothing about it
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16:50 - 16:55it'll just stay the same.
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16:55 - 16:57So Perl's blind spot looks like this.
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16:57 - 16:58And let me tell you
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16:58 - 17:04we had machines rendering for hours on these.
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17:04 - 17:07This is how much of the Perl community
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17:07 - 17:09that we can see.
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17:09 - 17:10That you know is on the IRC channels
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17:10 - 17:13and mailing lists and everything else.
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17:13 - 17:16These are the Perl users that we know about
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17:16 - 17:19These are the Perl users we don't know about.
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17:19 - 17:22And this is kind of all the potential Perl users
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17:22 - 17:26that we could be hauling in.
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17:26 - 17:29And we like to think that we are the Perl community
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17:29 - 17:33that irc.perl.org and p5p and the perl.org mailing lists
-
17:33 - 17:35and YAPC and CPAN and Perl Mongers
-
17:35 - 17:37and all that is the Perl community.
-
17:37 - 17:38But we're not.
-
17:38 - 17:39And I'm just going to give us a name
-
17:39 - 17:42I'm going to call us the perl.org community
-
17:42 - 17:43just so that we don't keep saying 'community'
-
17:43 - 17:48back and forth. Maybe I'm talking about the TV show.
-
17:48 - 17:50Now, who is the community and
-
17:50 - 17:52who owns the community, these are very good questions.
-
17:52 - 17:55And who gets to set the rules for the community
-
17:55 - 17:57which is very very important?
-
17:57 - 17:59The people who currently make up
-
17:59 - 18:01the perl.org community, do they, should they
-
18:01 - 18:03be setting the rules?
-
18:03 - 18:05The people who already use Perl?
-
18:05 - 18:06Well that's a little better.
-
18:06 - 18:08If we're getting more people.
-
18:08 - 18:10The people who you want to see using Perl?
-
18:10 - 18:12Almost there.
-
18:12 - 18:14The people who want to use Perl
-
18:14 - 18:15should be the ones that we're
-
18:15 - 18:17building the community for.
-
18:17 - 18:20The community should be built not just
-
18:20 - 18:22for the people here at YAPC and not just
-
18:22 - 18:24for those on IRC and not just for
-
18:24 - 18:26the people on the perl.org mailing lists
-
18:26 - 18:28and not just for the Perl Mongers.
-
18:28 - 18:30It certainly should be built for all those people.
-
18:30 - 18:32But it should also be built for the people
-
18:32 - 18:34who use and want to use Perl
-
18:34 - 18:38that we don't yet know about.
-
18:38 - 18:40How do you do that?
-
18:40 - 18:44Well, you start by getting people representing
-
18:44 - 18:46all the different types of people
-
18:46 - 18:47[tongue noise]
-
18:47 - 18:48you start by getting people representing
-
18:48 - 18:50all the different types of people
-
18:50 - 18:51at the table as you can.
-
18:51 - 18:54You give them voice, power and responsibility.
-
18:54 - 18:55You give them empowerment.
-
18:55 - 18:58So they can't be ignored or forgotten about
-
18:58 - 19:03in the sea of white male thick-skinned developers.
-
19:03 - 19:05And then you all build from there together.
-
19:05 - 19:09Just like being Piccard with his bridge crew.
-
19:09 - 19:13You build a senior staff representing
-
19:13 - 19:17all the important viewpoints on the ship
-
19:17 - 19:20you have them present for all the important decisions and discussions
-
19:20 - 19:23and you listen to them.
-
19:23 - 19:26So little segue
-
19:26 - 19:27most of you know I maintain
-
19:27 - 19:28a bunch of really important CPAN modules
-
19:28 - 19:34such as AAAAAAAAAAAA
-
19:34 - 19:37and you know, other things like Test::More
-
19:37 - 19:39that everyone uses for testing
-
19:39 - 19:42and Test::Builder that all the other test modules are built on
-
19:42 - 19:44and MakeMaker that handles most modules installs.
-
19:44 - 19:47So if you're installing a module
-
19:47 - 19:49you're probably using my stuff.
-
19:49 - 19:51So let me ask you something:
-
19:51 - 19:53why am I allowed to control
-
19:53 - 19:56how you write tests and install modules?
-
19:56 - 20:00And you might say that it's because I'm doing good work
-
20:00 - 20:02and that's not really, well, that's not really true.
-
20:02 - 20:05[laughter]
-
20:05 - 20:06But that's not why.
-
20:06 - 20:09And it's not because I'm the best person for the job
-
20:09 - 20:10it's not because you all decided
-
20:10 - 20:12on the best person for the job.
-
20:12 - 20:14It's not because you think I should take care of it.
-
20:14 - 20:18So 10 years ago I led a drive to build a better testing system
-
20:18 - 20:22and grabbed the namespaces for Test::More and Test::Builder
-
20:22 - 20:24along with chromatic and a bunch of other people
-
20:24 - 20:28and 10 years ago I led fixing up MakeMaker
-
20:28 - 20:31and shoved it onto CPAN and got the namespaces.
-
20:31 - 20:34And so 10 years ago I took over
-
20:34 - 20:35some areas that were languishing
-
20:35 - 20:37and did some things of merit.
-
20:37 - 20:4010 years later why am I still controlling
-
20:40 - 20:43how you write tests and install modules?
-
20:43 - 20:46And there is one and only one real reason.
-
20:46 - 20:49I own the namespaces.
-
20:49 - 20:52And nobody can take them away from me,
-
20:52 - 20:54at least not in the current system.
-
20:54 - 20:57So 10 years ago I did some work of merit
-
20:57 - 21:01and now I have total control.
-
21:01 - 21:11Benevolent-ish dictatorship. Not meritocracy.
-
21:11 - 21:13But dictatorship.
-
21:13 - 21:14And when I'm done with them
-
21:14 - 21:16I'll hand them off to someone I trust
-
21:16 - 21:18which now becomes inheritance.
-
21:18 - 21:21And a government of inherited dictatorship
-
21:21 - 21:23is an aristrocracy.
-
21:23 - 21:26Most of Perl works this way.
-
21:26 - 21:31Perl has become an aristocracy, not a meritocracy.
-
21:31 - 21:32Now there are some projects that
-
21:32 - 21:35buck the trend and the system.
-
21:35 - 21:37But the system continues to encourage aristrocracy
-
21:37 - 21:39and dictatorship.
-
21:39 - 21:41You can do some homesteading on the edges
-
21:41 - 21:42but more and more and more
-
21:42 - 21:45the center of Perl development is an aristocracy.
-
21:45 - 21:49And aristrocracies are very resistant to change.
-
21:49 - 21:51Dictators have blind spots.
-
21:51 - 21:53If the dictator has a blind spot
-
21:53 - 21:54the whole project has a blind spot.
-
21:54 - 21:56If the dictator hands off the project
-
21:56 - 21:57to someone of their choosing
-
21:57 - 21:59the successor will likely have the same blind spot.
-
21:59 - 22:03And this is why we're so homogenous, the aristocracy.
-
22:03 - 22:04Year after year, it becomes harder and harder
-
22:04 - 22:06to break into the core
-
22:06 - 22:08and the core gets larger and larger
-
22:08 - 22:11And I don't just mean the core of Perl
-
22:11 - 22:13I mean all the big CPAN modules.
-
22:13 - 22:17It's harder to break in and effect real change.
-
22:17 - 22:20So we need more Piccards.
-
22:20 - 22:23Kirk, Kirk is overworked and at times
-
22:23 - 22:26a bit paranoid and narrow-minded.
-
22:26 - 22:29Piccard? He has time to learn the whistle.
-
22:29 - 22:30[laughter]
-
22:30 - 22:33Maybe play some space squash.
-
22:33 - 22:40Piccard has a carefully crafted senior staff
-
22:40 - 22:42and they make up all the different stakeholders
-
22:42 - 22:44on a Federation starship.
-
22:44 - 22:46Defense, science, engineering, medical, social,
-
22:46 - 22:49discipline, even the teachers, parents,
-
22:49 - 22:51families and so on and so forth.
-
22:51 - 22:52Each of these represent a different
-
22:52 - 22:54viewpoint, a way of thinking
-
22:54 - 22:56and a set of ideas.
-
22:56 - 22:57They have not just a voice,
-
22:57 - 22:59but they also have power and responsibility
-
22:59 - 23:01and importantly respect, the respect of
-
23:01 - 23:03Piccard on the Enterprise.
-
23:03 - 23:05They are empowered.
-
23:05 - 23:06And when there's a decision to be made
-
23:06 - 23:08none of them can be ignored or forgotten
-
23:08 - 23:10because they're all right there
-
23:10 - 23:16represented on the Bridge, in the crisis.
-
23:16 - 23:17So Perl and Open Source in general
-
23:17 - 23:19is made of up Kirks.
-
23:19 - 23:22And this is I believe the root of our problem.
-
23:22 - 23:25This is why we find it so hard to
-
23:25 - 23:27gather and maintain diversity and ideas.
-
23:27 - 23:29It doesn't do any good to make an effort
-
23:29 - 23:31to think about diversity today
-
23:31 - 23:34if the people in power don't really get it
-
23:34 - 23:37and are going to forget about them tomorrow
-
23:37 - 23:38if they're just going to go back to
-
23:38 - 23:42optimising for themselves and their friends.
-
23:42 - 23:44It's like letting carnivores do the meal-planning
-
23:44 - 23:45for vegetarians.
-
23:45 - 23:46Oh boy.
-
23:46 - 23:49Another raw veggie platter.
-
23:49 - 23:53Or letting car drivers design bike lanes.
-
23:53 - 23:55So nobody eats the boring veggies
-
23:55 - 24:04[laughter and applause]
-
24:04 - 24:06nobody eats the boring veggies
-
24:06 - 24:07nobody rides in the dangerous bike lines
-
24:07 - 24:08that go nowhere useful.
-
24:08 - 24:09You might wind up concluding that
-
24:09 - 24:10there are no vegetarians
-
24:10 - 24:11there are no cyclists
-
24:11 - 24:14why are we putting in the effort?
-
24:14 - 24:15And that's because it's not
-
24:15 - 24:17"if you build it they will come"
-
24:17 - 24:19it's if you build it for the people
-
24:19 - 24:20and maintain it, it will come,
-
24:20 - 24:24they will come.
-
24:24 - 24:25So I became really convinced of this
-
24:25 - 24:27by a conference in my town called
-
24:27 - 24:28Open Source Bridge
-
24:28 - 24:29shameless plug!
-
24:29 - 24:34There's still tickets available!
-
24:34 - 24:38This is my favourite conference.
-
24:38 - 24:40OS Bridge came about in part because
-
24:40 - 24:42they were sick of how Open Source conferences
-
24:42 - 24:44are run.
-
24:44 - 24:48Open Source Bridge is technology agnostic.
-
24:48 - 24:50It's not so much about how you do it
-
24:50 - 24:53as what you're doing, what you're doing with it.
-
24:53 - 24:56Nobody cares if you're optimising your Postgres database
-
24:56 - 24:59they care about what you're putting into it.
-
24:59 - 25:01OS Bridge is explicitly about having all the
-
25:01 - 25:03people involved in Open Source
-
25:03 - 25:05not just developers
-
25:05 - 25:08users, admins, businesses, institutions
-
25:08 - 25:12designers, journalists, newbies, oldbies, whatever.
-
25:12 - 25:14The talk proposals are all public
-
25:14 - 25:16and they're open to community comment
-
25:16 - 25:20and anybody can apply to be on the talk selection committee.
-
25:20 - 25:23OS Bridge has 25% women speakers.
-
25:23 - 25:25And I was told that Linux Conf Australia
-
25:25 - 25:28hit 25% this year.
-
25:28 - 25:30Woo!
-
25:30 - 25:33Men and women speak at the same time!
-
25:33 - 25:35It's you know amazing!
-
25:35 - 25:37You know, women appear everywhere,
-
25:37 - 25:40and it's really no big thing.
-
25:40 - 25:42And they solved this
-
25:42 - 25:45they solved reams of typical Open Source conference problems
-
25:45 - 25:47with a fairly simple trick
-
25:47 - 25:50equity at the top.
-
25:50 - 25:51When they set up the conference committee
-
25:51 - 25:55they made sure that it was made up of different kinds of people.
-
25:55 - 25:56Different genders and races and viewpoints and languages
-
25:56 - 25:58and jobs and interests and concerns,
-
25:58 - 26:02all part of Open Source.
-
26:02 - 26:04They all had responsibility and they all had
-
26:04 - 26:06power and they had voice.
-
26:06 - 26:08And they all made sure that,
-
26:08 - 26:10they were all right there from the start,
-
26:10 - 26:12and they all made sure that when things were getting
-
26:12 - 26:15set up, everybody was being taken into account
-
26:15 - 26:17because they're all right there
-
26:17 - 26:19with their voice and their power.
-
26:19 - 26:21Right from the beginning to the end.
-
26:21 - 26:23And this isn't to say that it wasn't hard
-
26:23 - 26:25and tricky work and dedicated
-
26:25 - 26:28but it worked and it continues to work.
-
26:28 - 26:31I think they're on year 3.
-
26:31 - 26:33So instead of building a broken system
-
26:33 - 26:36dominated by a single set of concerns
-
26:36 - 26:38and then trying to fix it later
-
26:38 - 26:45[laughter]
-
26:45 - 26:48and having a big fight about it when people are upset
-
26:48 - 26:50because you didn't think about them
-
26:50 - 26:51or your fixes stink
-
26:51 - 26:53or and winding up with something half-assed
-
26:53 - 26:55and we know how frustrating this is
-
26:55 - 26:56in a software project right?
-
26:56 - 26:59trying to turn a ship after it's been designed.
-
26:59 - 27:01They designed it right from the start
-
27:01 - 27:02and like the best designs
-
27:02 - 27:05you don't even know it was designed that way.
-
27:05 - 27:09It just all works and it flows beautifully
-
27:09 - 27:12from equity at the top.
-
27:12 - 27:15And the rest of it works itself out.
-
27:15 - 27:17There's a reference, I have a reference at the end
-
27:17 - 27:18if you want to hear more about this.
-
27:18 - 27:24"Open Source Citizenship", at the end of it.
-
27:24 - 27:25So you might be thinking
-
27:25 - 27:28a lot of people say "right, that's a conference,
-
27:28 - 27:31are there any software projects that work that way?"
-
27:31 - 27:33And the answer is "yes, quite a bit".
-
27:33 - 27:34The Apache Software Foundation,
-
27:34 - 27:37not just a webserver.
-
27:37 - 27:40Apache has over 100 projects of all different types
-
27:40 - 27:42and different languages.
-
27:42 - 27:48Most of which started as Kirks, all of which are now Piccards.
-
27:48 - 27:52They will not allow a Kirk.
-
27:52 - 27:54So we're very lucky to have
-
27:54 - 27:56Nóirín Plunkett here, Executive Vice President
-
27:56 - 27:58of the Apache Software Foundation
-
27:58 - 28:00and she's going to give a couple of talks
-
28:00 - 28:04about they do it, so we get to see another way to do it.
-
28:04 - 28:06So she's giving one called
-
28:06 - 28:07"There's More Than One Way To Run a Project:
-
28:07 - 28:08the Apache Way"
-
28:08 - 28:11and that's at 11 o'clock in Pyle 325
-
28:11 - 28:13and I kind of recommend that as a followup
-
28:13 - 28:15to this if you're interested
-
28:15 - 28:17and then tomorrow she's giving a Q&A called
-
28:17 - 28:19"Becoming a Better Benevolent Dictator"
-
28:19 - 28:23again at 11 o'clock in the Lowell Dining Room.
-
28:23 - 28:25If you want to hear about another way to do it
-
28:25 - 28:27go to her talks.
-
28:27 - 28:31Because the Apache Foundation is nothing to be slouched at.
-
28:31 - 28:33Find out what you don't know you don't know
-
28:33 - 28:35Learn a new way to do it and
-
28:35 - 28:39fix your blind spot.
-
28:39 - 28:41Now I'll admit it.
-
28:41 - 28:43I'm a Kirk.
-
28:43 - 28:46But I want to be a Piccard.
-
28:46 - 28:50But I can't just shave my head and call it all good.
-
28:50 - 28:52So I'm going to be doing some work
-
28:52 - 28:56in the future to change how my CPAN modules are run.
-
28:56 - 28:58And one of the things I'm going to be doing
-
28:58 - 29:01is writing down my policies and procedures
-
29:01 - 29:05which are basically generally just in my head
-
29:05 - 29:08so that people know where they are
-
29:08 - 29:10new people know where they are
-
29:10 - 29:12existing people know where they are
-
29:12 - 29:14and they can be discussed, they can be changed,
-
29:14 - 29:15they can be followed and so on and so forth.
-
29:15 - 29:19It's not just rule by man, it's rule by law.
-
29:19 - 29:21I'm going to move towards a concensus driven
-
29:21 - 29:24approach to accepting patches.
-
29:24 - 29:25Which basically means
-
29:25 - 29:27well basically it means that I don't dominate
-
29:27 - 29:29every decision.
-
29:29 - 29:31Nóirín will talk more about what consensus is
-
29:31 - 29:35and how it works. It's not voting!
-
29:35 - 29:41And keep my blind spots from dominating.
-
29:41 - 29:43I will try and have, I will have
-
29:43 - 29:47a public roadmap of where the project is going.
-
29:47 - 29:48Written down so that the community knows
-
29:48 - 29:50where things are going and they can have some
-
29:50 - 29:51say in the matter.
-
29:51 - 29:51Right now?
-
29:51 - 29:55All in my head.
-
29:55 - 29:57It's going to be awkward.
-
29:57 - 30:01First season's always awkward.
-
30:01 - 30:02But that's how you learn:
-
30:02 - 30:08by doing and by failing and by trying again.
-
30:08 - 30:13So who can be a Piccard, here?
-
30:13 - 30:15It sounds like I'm talking about doing it from
-
30:15 - 30:16the top and that means it must be
-
30:16 - 30:18like p5p and that. No.
-
30:18 - 30:24Perl is interesting in that we have
-
30:24 - 30:2821000 CPAN distributions, something like that?
-
30:28 - 30:31So that's 21000 potential Piccards.
-
30:31 - 30:3421000? No, 5000 authors.
-
30:34 - 30:37There's 5000 potential Piccards, just from CPAN alone,
-
30:37 - 30:39each with their own project.
-
30:39 - 30:43How many people here have a module on CPAN?
-
30:43 - 30:47Yeah, OK, you can all try and be a Piccard.
-
30:47 - 30:49If any of you control a mailing list
-
30:49 - 30:52or Perl Mongers group or IRC channel
-
30:52 - 30:55the more Piccards we have
-
30:55 - 30:56the more comfortable we'll be
-
30:56 - 31:01with Piccards. And the more Piccards we'll have.
-
31:01 - 31:03What else can you do?
-
31:03 - 31:05Well, if you see something,
-
31:05 - 31:06you can say something.
-
31:06 - 31:10If you see an incident, if you see
-
31:10 - 31:12something that should be taken care of
-
31:12 - 31:16say something, but say it privately.
-
31:16 - 31:19Both to the person at fault
-
31:19 - 31:22to let them know that what they did is not OK
-
31:22 - 31:24but also to the moderator
-
31:24 - 31:27to ask them to do their job.
-
31:27 - 31:30Because we do not moderate anywhere near enough.
-
31:30 - 31:31Why not publicly?
-
31:31 - 31:33Well it just tends to fan the flames.
-
31:33 - 31:34We just get into flamewars
-
31:34 - 31:36and the poor person who had the incident
-
31:36 - 31:38winds up in the middle of this furbull
-
31:38 - 31:41and then they just leave.
-
31:41 - 31:43Or they don't talk about it anymore.
-
31:43 - 31:44What else can you do?
-
31:44 - 31:47Well, you can be a mentor for someone who isn't like you.
-
31:47 - 31:49Different job, different gender, different language,
-
31:49 - 31:52different way of thinking, just something, something different.
-
31:52 - 31:53Maybe they're just really young
-
31:53 - 31:55maybe they're really old, whatever.
-
31:55 - 31:58Bring them into Perl, stick up for them,
-
31:58 - 31:59sheperd them through, you know,
-
31:59 - 32:02teach them all those secret handshakes and everything else
-
32:02 - 32:05and kind of actively change the way
-
32:05 - 32:07the what our community is made up of.
-
32:07 - 32:09What else?
-
32:09 - 32:11You can think about it, you can talk about it,
-
32:11 - 32:12you can blog about it.
-
32:12 - 32:14Part of the reason I'm doing this keynote
-
32:14 - 32:17is to bust open the topic.
-
32:17 - 32:18So guys?
-
32:18 - 32:21You're allowed to talk about diversity
-
32:21 - 32:24and gals?
-
32:24 - 32:26Help the guys.
-
32:26 - 32:28I had a lot of help from a lot of women
-
32:28 - 32:30making this talk. It's hard.
-
32:30 - 32:33And help the guys that are willing to speak
-
32:33 - 32:36check their work, back them up.
-
32:36 - 32:39So Nóirín has told me she's having a much more
-
32:39 - 32:41enjoyable conference knowing
-
32:41 - 32:45she doesn't have to give the unicorn talk.
-
32:45 - 32:47A unicorn talk being "so, you're a woman in
-
32:47 - 32:49Open Source, why don't you talk about that?"
-
32:49 - 32:51Well, she wants to talk about something else.
-
32:51 - 32:53So I'm giving it.
-
32:53 - 32:58I know a lot of you have things to say on this topic.
-
32:58 - 32:59There's so much more to cover
-
32:59 - 33:00there's so much more to talk about
-
33:00 - 33:02there's so many people
-
33:02 - 33:07who are so much better at this than I could be here.
-
33:07 - 33:08Don't be afraid to include topics in this talk,
-
33:08 - 33:11topics like this in your talks,
-
33:11 - 33:14keep the conversation going.
-
33:14 - 33:18Because I'm not going to solve this in 45 minutes.
-
33:18 - 33:20I'm amazingly on time though.
-
33:20 - 33:23So if, so this is the last thing
-
33:23 - 33:26so if you've tuned out up to this point
-
33:26 - 33:29just kind of wake up, this is all the content you need to hear,
-
33:29 - 33:32if after all this you're still unconvinced
-
33:32 - 33:34or you tuned out or you don't care
-
33:34 - 33:36or you're on the fence or whatever
-
33:36 - 33:38this is all that I ask of you
-
33:38 - 33:40just one thing:
-
33:40 - 33:42when somebody reports an incident
-
33:42 - 33:45or somebody suggests running a project differently
-
33:45 - 33:47or when someone wants to talk about social oversight
-
33:47 - 33:49or community issues or codes of conduct
-
33:49 - 33:51or something else
-
33:51 - 33:53here's what I want you to, if you do nothing else,
-
33:53 - 33:54I hope you will do more,
-
33:54 - 33:57but if you do nothing else,
-
33:57 - 33:59do this one thing for me.
-
33:59 - 34:01Shut up.
-
34:01 - 34:07[applause]
-
34:07 - 34:08Now I want to elaborate on that
-
34:08 - 34:12[laughter]
-
34:12 - 34:15so the other Perl motto is "try it".
-
34:15 - 34:19And a corollary to the other Perl motto
-
34:19 - 34:22is "let somebody else try it."
-
34:22 - 34:26When somebody has a new idea
-
34:26 - 34:30particularly if that person is new to the community
-
34:30 - 34:32it's very easy to overwhelm them with nit-picks
-
34:32 - 34:33and why the idea won't work
-
34:33 - 34:36and this is known as 'stop energy'.
-
34:36 - 34:37When it comes to social ideas
-
34:37 - 34:39we have lots and lots and lots of people
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34:39 - 34:41who want to nit-pick
-
34:41 - 34:44with lots of concerns, lots of FUD,
-
34:44 - 34:46it's just something we're not used to.
-
34:46 - 34:48Who want to say why it won't work
-
34:48 - 34:49why they're uncomfortable about it
-
34:49 - 34:50and so on and so forth.
-
34:50 - 34:51We're a very homogenous community
-
34:51 - 34:55of socially passive know-it-alls.
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34:55 - 34:57We overwhelm most attempts at social change
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34:57 - 34:59with stop energy.
-
34:59 - 35:00So what I'm asking the people in this room to do
-
35:00 - 35:02is don't do that.
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35:02 - 35:04Think and stop.
-
35:04 - 35:07If you don't say that we can't change things.
-
35:07 - 35:09don't say it's futile, don't say the sky will fall,
-
35:09 - 35:10that everybody will leave,
-
35:10 - 35:12don't tell someone that if they don't like it
-
35:12 - 35:15they can go make their own project instead.
-
35:15 - 35:19Don't tell, don't quibble over definitions and semantics,
-
35:19 - 35:21don't people they should just deal with it.
-
35:21 - 35:26Just let somebody else try it.
-
35:26 - 35:29If you must comment, do it on your own blog,
-
35:29 - 35:31or a different thread or whatever,
-
35:31 - 35:35don't hijack their energy.
-
35:35 - 35:39Let them have their spaces succeed or fail.
-
35:39 - 35:42And if you have concerns, maybe try working with them
-
35:42 - 35:45instead of stopping them at the start.
-
35:45 - 35:48Cos we've been doing it the same way
-
35:48 - 35:51for 20 years.
-
35:51 - 35:54Let somebody else try another way and see what happens.
-
35:54 - 35:56It might just work.
-
35:56 - 35:58There might just be more than one way to do it.
-
35:58 - 36:00[laughter]
-
36:00 - 36:03But we'll never know unless we try.
-
36:03 - 36:04So what I ask is please please
-
36:04 - 36:06honor the other Perl motto
-
36:06 - 36:12and please let someone else try it.
-
36:12 - 36:13Otherwise we're just going to have
-
36:13 - 36:15the same generation over again.
-
36:15 - 36:20But this time it's going to look a bit awkward.
-
36:20 - 36:23Er.
-
36:23 - 36:26So we've had so many Kirks for so long.
-
36:26 - 36:29Let's see what happens when we get some Piccards.
-
36:29 - 36:34And then maybe we can have a Cisco and maybe Janeway.
-
36:34 - 36:37And then hopefully once we reach that point
-
36:37 - 36:41nobody will have to give this talk again.
-
36:41 - 36:42So, thank you.
-
36:42 - 37:11[applause]
-
37:11 - 37:13Um so like I said
-
37:13 - 37:16these are not fresh ideas.
-
37:16 - 37:18I want to reiterate that Nóirín is
-
37:18 - 37:20having her talks "There's More Than One Way
-
37:20 - 37:24To Run a Project" at 11 in Pyle 325.
-
37:24 - 37:27She's doing "Becoming a Better Benevolent Dictator"
-
37:27 - 37:28which is basically a Q&A.
-
37:28 - 37:30If you are a benevolent dictator
-
37:30 - 37:32and want to know how to run your project differently
-
37:32 - 37:33she will talk about that.
-
37:33 - 37:36There's a, I don't have the URL up here,
-
37:36 - 37:39she has a URL for questions that you
-
37:39 - 37:41might want to have answered at that Q&A.
-
37:41 - 37:43I presume it's in the schedule.
-
37:43 - 37:44What's that?
-
37:44 - 37:46[inaudibie]
-
37:46 - 37:51bit.ly/nationbuilding all lower case no spaces?
-
37:51 - 37:54bit.ly/nationbuilding
-
37:54 - 37:55And for further reading
-
37:55 - 37:59I've basically put together notes and stuff
-
37:59 - 38:01it's a little low sorry
-
38:01 - 38:08http://bit.ly/YAPC2012_Keynote
-
38:08 - 38:10and that contains a lot of the references here
-
38:10 - 38:12the numbers that I've been using
-
38:12 - 38:16things like Audrey Eschright's Open Source Citizenship
-
38:16 - 38:21the various 'meritocracies are broken" arguments
-
38:21 - 38:25a fantastic one called
-
38:25 - 38:29"Why Biology Demonstrates Why There are No Women In Open Source
-
38:29 - 38:33(Hint: It Doesn't)"
-
38:33 - 38:37Everybody got time to get those things?
-
38:37 - 38:40Great. Thank you so much.
-
38:40 - 38:41I'm going to collapse now.
-
38:41 - 38:42[laughter]
-
38:42 - 38:53[applause]
-
38:53 - 38:56Am I under time?
-
38:56 - 38:56Jokes!
-
38:56 - 38:59Jokes? I could just show you images that I didn't
-
38:59 - 39:01put in the— no.
-
39:01 - 39:05[laughter]
-
39:05 - 39:08I had one hour of sleep,
-
39:08 - 39:10I'm not taking questions, sorry.
-
39:10 - 39:11Catch me in the hallway
-
39:11 - 39:14catch me anywhere else seriously
-
39:14 - 39:17but I really do have one hour of sleep.
-
39:17 - 39:20Ah, I can't field them.
-
39:20 - 39:22But catch me anywhere else.
-
39:22 - 39:23Oh and also you can ask me on email
-
39:23 - 39:29schwern@pobox.com, and uh I'm pretty easy to find.
-
39:29 - 39:31[applause]
- Title:
- Perl: The Next Generation
- Description:
-
"Perl: The Next Generation", the YAPC 2012 keynote by Michael G Schwern.
This is my "secret" diversity talk aimed at the guys and focusing on how good, but homogenous, people can create an unwelcoming community without realizing it. The solution lies in restructuring how we make decisions, it lies in Kirk vs Picard. And anybody can be a Picard.
Further reading can be had at http://bit.ly/YAPC2012_Keynote
If you have any questions, feel free to email me at schwern@pobox.com or ask them in the comments!
- Video Language:
- English
- Duration:
- 39:32
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation | ||
puzzlement edited English subtitles for Perl: The Next Generation |